2023年6月24日发(作者：)

1. 1.

Which of the following statements about language is not true?

A .Language is a

ge is symbolie

C . Animals also have languages .DLanguage

is arbitrary

of the following choices is NOT a constituent?

A.I like the song B.I

the following sound conbinations ,only is

permissible.

relation between the determinmer”this” and the noun “man”in

the phrase “this man”is

ent d g gmatic

sentence that has a NP and a VP is nostly shown in a

formula “S

NP+VP”

A. A.

Hierarchical diagram

al

6.”Big” and “small”are a pair of opposites.

mentary B. gradable te

se

of the following phrases is exocentric?

and men the table

C.a clever boy ugly man

ariness of language was first discussed by .

y y re

system pair of words is NOT a minimal pair?

/bat /but /pig /bit

function is the major role of Language?

ative B. Interpersonal

mative e

two sounds are in complementary distribution, they are

of the same phoneme.

s B. allophones C. phones

12. Which branch of study cannot be included in the scope of

Linguistics?

A. Syntax B. Pragmatics C. Phonetics D.

Anthropology

13. Atom is a word of origin.

A. Latin B. Greek C. Arabic D. Spanish

14. The distinction of langue and parole is made by .

A. Hall B. Sapir C. Chomsky D. Saussure

15. are bound morphemes because they cannot be used as

separate words.

A. Roots B. Stems C. Affixes D. Compounds

16. is the study of the relationship between symbols and

their interpreter.

A. Syntax B. Semantics C. Affixes D. Compounds

17. is the defining properties of units like nouns (number,

gender, case, etc) and verbs (tense, aspect, voice, etc).

A. Parts of speech B. Word classes

C. Categories D. Functions of words 18. The noun “tear” and the verb “tear” are .

A. homophones B. homographs

C. complete homonyms D. allophones

19. The function of language is one of the most powerful

uses of language because it is so crucial in changing the emotional

status of an audience for or against someone or something.

A. performative B. phatic C. recreational D.

emotive

20. The term may be defined as a way of referring to the

approach which studies language changes over various periods of

time and at various historical stages.

A. synchronic linguistics B. comparative

linguistics

C. diachronic linguistics D. historical

comparative linguistics

21. examines how meaning is encoded in a language.

A. Semantics B. Syntax C. Pragmatics D.

Morphology

22. Saussure distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker

as .

A. parole B. language C. system D. langue

23. This fundamental distinction between competence is discussed

by .

A. Chomsky B. Saussure C. Bloomfield D. Austin

24. An affix can be added to certain type of to form a new

word. A. infix B. affix C. stem D. word

25. In a sentence, which of the following is usually NOT stressed?

A. Nouns. B. Verbs. C. Prepositions. D. Adj.

26. The maxim of requires that a participant’s contribution

be relevant to the conversation.

A. quantity B. quality C. manner D. relation

27. The relationship between “meat” and “meet” is .

A. synonymy B. antonymy C. polysemy D.

homonymy

28. That there is no direct link between language and the real world

is the view of

concerning the study of meaning.

A. naming B. conceptualist

C. contextualist D. behaviorist

29. What are the dual structures of language?

A. Sounds and letters. B. Sounds and meaning.

C. Letters and meaning. D. Sounds and symbols.

30. are the vocal cords ?

and letters. and meaning .

C. Letters and meaning . and symbols.

31. of the following statements about language is NOT

true ?

ge is a means of means of verbal communication.

ge is some arbitrary symbols .

language system is unique to human begins.

ge is yet to be understand.

32. 32. studies the sound systems in a certain language.

ics ogy ics

33. 33. is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship

between expression and

content. A. Root B. Allomorph C. Morpheme D. Word

34. 34.A speaker's actual utterance in Chomsky 's terminology is

called .

A. deep structure B. linguistic universals

C. universal grammar C. surface structure

35. 35.A word with several meanings is called word .

A. a polysemous B. a synonymous

C. an abnormal D. a multiple

36. study of how sounds are put together and used to convey

meaning in communication is

.

A. general linguistics ogy

C. semantics logy

37. divided meanings into types .

A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7

38. h has managed to widen her vocabulary by borrowing

words from other languages

except .

B. Korean D. Greek

39. ctive features are used to describe .

A. phones B. phonology C. Allophones D. phonemes

40. English word "untouchable" is composed of

morphemes .

B. three C. two

41. process by which words are formed by putting the initial

letters of several words

together is called .

nding ng m

ng

42. “The Adam's Apple”is .

A. a kind of apple B. related to Adam

C. the front part of larynx the top of larynx

43. The founder of modern linguistics is .

A. Chomsky B. Halliday C. Bloomfield

re

44. linguistics focuses on the present day language ,

and it will be possible

to describe languages from a perspective .

A. sociological onic

C. diachronic D. Psychological 45. The four major modes of semantic change are .

A. extension , narrowing , meaning shift and class shift

B. extension , generalization , elevation and degradation

C. extension , narrowing , specialization and degradation

D. extension , elevation , amelioration and degradation

46. In the production of consonants at least articulators{发音器官}are involved.

A. one B. two C. three

logical

47. The basic unit in the study of morphology is .

A. the internal structure B. morpheme

C. the rules by which words are formed D. word

48. The relation between "food" and "bread" is called .

A. Synonymy B. polysemy C. homonymy D.

Hyponymy

49. Voiceless sounds are produced when the vocal folds are .

A. closed C. totally closed

tely open

50. of the following is NOT a compound word ?

box onable C. Deadline

rs

51. involve more than one manners of articulation .

ives C. Affricates

ls

52. is NOT true for the vowel [i] ?

A. High B. Unrounded C. Mid D.

Front

53. The sentence "I apologize !" belongs to the category of

according to the

speech act theory.

stive B. performative C. representative D.

Constative

l linguistics is the scientific study of .

A. language of a certain individual

English Language

Language in general

system of a particular language

55. The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in

.

place of articulation obstruction of airstreams

position of the tongue D. The shape of the lips

56. studies how speech sounds are made , transmitted and

received .

A. Phonetics ogy e s

57. sounds are produced with the back of the tongue and the

soft palate.

l ar

58. is concerned with the study of the actual use of language

in communication.

A .Sociolinguistics ics tics

onic linguistics

59. is the primary stress of the word "phonology" ?

B. no

60. refers to the utterance of a sentence with determinate sense

and reference.

nary act tinary act

utionary act act

of the following words is built by abbreviation ?

of the following words is built by abbreviation ?

is the full from of LAD?

ge associative district B..Language

acquisition district

C..Language associative device ge acquisition

device

semantic components of the word "man" can be expressed as

.

A.+animate , +human , +male , adult

B.+animate , +human , +male ,+ adult

C.+animate , +human , -male ,- adult

D.+animate , +human , -male ,+ adult

64.A{n} is the smallest unit of sound in a language , which can

distinguish two words .

me B. sound e D. allophone

tivity is one of the features

of languages .

ctive egmental

tic

is the common feature of the three sounds :[b],[p],[m] ? A.,Voiceless al

of the following items is NOT one of grammatical

categories of English pronouns ?

the word "internationalism",which part is the root ?

C. al

69."voiced fricatives voiceless/

voiceless '' is a .

ogical rule tic rule

structure rule onal rule

word "pen" originally meant "feather used for writing

with ink". Now it refers to any

devise used for writing with is an example of .

ation of meaning ning of meaning

ing of meaning ion of meaning

word “smog” is formed through ______.

A. backformation B. blending C. clipping D. derivation

72. In general, language acquisition refers to children’s development

of their _____language.

A. first B. second C. dialectal D. individualized

73. Which of the following statements are NOT true for vowels?

A. Vowels are sonorants .

B. In the production of vowels, there is no obstruction of air.

C. Tongue height is one criterion to distinguish vowels.

D. Vowels are also called obstruent

74. All syllables must have a ____.

A. coda B. onset C. nucleus D. consonant

75. Ikaps is not a possible word form in English due to ____.

A. sonority scale B. phonological rule C. syntactic rule D.

morphological rule 76. Which of the following is the major cause of invention of new

lexical items?

A. The rapid development of science and technology

B. The way of language teaching.

C. The way of children’s language acquisition.

D. Economic activities

79. In Chomsky’s TG Grammar, which theory focuses discussion

on government and binding?

A. The classical Theory B. The Standard Theory

C. The Extended Standard Theory

D. The Revised Extended Standard Theory

80. When the suffix _____is added to a verb, it changes this verb

into an adjective.

A. less B. ness C. fully D. er

81 .The function of sentence “lovely weather isn’t it?” is______.

A. informative B. phatic C. performative D. recreational

the notion of _____was taken into consideration , semantics

spilled into pragmatics.

A. meaning B. context C. form D. content

of the following criteria can NOT be used to classify

vowels?

A The part of the tongue that is held highest

B The opnness of the mouth

C The vibration of the vocal cords

D The shape of the lips

84. there are _____maxims under the cooperative principle.

A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 85. Chomsky argues that LAD probably consists of ____elements.

A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5

86. “Buy” and “sell’ form a pair of ______.

A converse antonyms B gradable antonyms

C. complementary antonyms D. marked antonyms

a phoneme is substituted for another in a word and the

substitution results in a change of the word meaning, the two

phonemes are said to be_____.

A minimal pair B minimal set

C distinctive phonemes D distinctive features

88. _____is a phrase which can only be understood as a unit, not as a

summation of the meaning of each constituent word.

A .collocation B .idiom C .semantic component D.

synonym

well-known formula: S→r….s→R was put forward by ____.

A. Bloomfield B. Firth C. Hackett D. Harris

90.______is a pair of complementary antonyms.

A .wild and tame B. nimble and lame

C .Cold and warm D. Alive and dead

91. Firth’s second important contribution to linguistics is his method

of his method of prosodic analysis , called_____.

A. prosodic phonology B. feature geometry

C optimality phonology D. supersegmental phonology

92. Which of the following is not a Supersegmental feature?

A. Syllable B. Stress essness

93. The s in drums is______

A . a morpheme B. a stem C derivational word D. free morpheme

94. The word bodyguard is a _______.

A .compound word B. complex word

C .derivational word D .free morpheme

95. In English, the gender distinction are______.

A. not related to real world entities

B. on the whole natural

C divided into Feminine, Masculine and neuter

D divided into Feminine and Masculine

96. Halliday’s Systemic-Functional Grammar takes ____as the

object of study.

A actual uses of language B. ideal speaker’s linguistic

competence C. children’s language D. adult’s language

of the following English sounds is NOT bilabial?

A.［b］ B. ［m］ m C.［p］ D.［f］

98._____can be used independently without being combined with

other morphemes.

A. Free morphemes B. Bound morphemes C. Affixes D. Roots

99. Which of the following words is a derivational one?

A . Blackboard B. Sings shment. D. Boys

100. John Austin proposed ____in the late 1950s.

A .Speech Ace Theory B. 7 types of meaning

C. Cooperative Principle D. Predication Analysis

101 .WTO is ______

A. an abbreviation B. an acronym

C. a word which is formed by blending

D. a word which is formed by backformation 102. For Bloomfield, linguistics is a branch of psychology and

specifically of the brand of psychology known as______.

A .behaviorism B. structuralism C. competence D performance

103. Which of the following is a voiceless bilabial stop?

A .［w］ B. ［m］ C. ［b］ D.［p］

104._____is NOT a grammatical category of English verbs.

A Tense B. Aspect C. Number

105. All words contain a ______.

A. root B. bound morpheme C. prefix D .suffix

the following word formation processes,_____ is the most

productive.

A .clipping B .blending C. initialism D. derivation

107.______ practiced a special style of synchronic linguistics and its

most important contribution to linguistics is that it sees language in

term of function.

A. the London School B. American structuralism

C. the Prague School D. The TG Grammar

108._______is not included in leech’s associative meaning .

A. Connotative meaning B. Social meaning

C . Collocative meaning D. Thematic meaning

109._______ deals with the relationship between the linguistic

element and nonlinguistic world of experience.

A. Sense B. Reference C. Symbol D. Thought

110. Luggage and baggage are _____synonyms.

A. dialectal B. stylistic

C. semantically different D. collocational

111. The maxim of quality requires: do not say what you believe to be _______.

A. false B. true C. indirect D. insufficient

112. Knight originally meant youth, but now it means a medieval

gentleman soldier. This is a meaning ______.

A . broadening B. narrowing C. meaning shift D. class shift

113. Expressions like “Tom” or “He” can both be filled in the black

of the sentence “_____is smiling .” So Tom and He have

_____relation.

A. syntagmaitc B. paradigmatic C. systematic D. governing

114. Foolish which comes from “foll+ ish” is a ____word.

A. derivational B. syntax C. morphology D. phonology

115. The Prague School is best known for its contribution to____.

A. phonetics B. syntax C. morphology D. phonology

116. Which of the following is NOT the function of language?

A. Metalingual function. B. Interpersonal function.

C. Emotive function. al transmission.

117. ”We can do things with words” is the main idea of _____.

A. the speech act theory B. the cooperative principles

C. the polite principles D. pragmatics

118. Motel is a(n)_____.

A. abbreviation B. coinage C. blending D. acronym

119. _____ is NOT a pair of homophones.

A. “Fair” (adj) and “fair” (n) B. “Flea” and “flee”

C. “Lead”(v)and“lead” (n) D. “Compliment” and “complement”

120. The classic semantic triangle or triangle of significance mainly

illustrates the view of _____.

A. conceptualism B. contextualism C. behaviorism D. structuralism

121. We can refer to Confucius, even though he has been dead for

over 2, 500 years. This feature of language is called_____.

A. duality B. creativity C. arbitrariness D. displacement

122. Which function of language is also called ideational function

(达意功能) in the framework of functional grammar?

A. Informative function. B. Interpersonal function

C. Emotive function D. Recreational function

123. _____ investigates the interrelation of language and mind.

A. Psycholinguistics B. Sociolinguistics

C. Anthropological linguistics D. Computational linguistics

124. Morphology is concerned with_______.

A. the meaning of words

B. the pronunciation of words

C. the internal organization of words

D. the combination of words into sentences

125. The sentence “ You schould never use cliché in writing”

is______.

A. descriptive B. prescriptive C. systematic D. narrative

126. If a study focuses on Shakespearean language , it is _____

study.

A. diachronic B. synchronic C. systematic D. pragmatic

127. _____ is the study of the physical properties of the sounds

produced in speech.

A. Auditory phonetics B. Articulatory phonetics

C. Acoustic phonetics D. Phonology

128./l/ is the only ____ in English. A. fricative B. affricatives C. nasal D. lateral

129.[f, v ] are both labiodentals and _______.

A. nasals B. fricatives C. affricatives D. alveolar

130. The idea of establishing a phonetic alphabet was first proposed

by the Danish grammarian.

A. Otto Jespersen B. Daniel Jones C.

131. The Sound Patterns of English (SPE 1968) mainly deals with

____.

A. multi-level phonology B. non-linear phonology

C. super segment phonology D. linear approach of

phonology

132. In Chinese Putonghua , only ____ can occur after the vowel.

A. nasals B. stops C. lateral D. vowel

133. A compound is composed of _____.

A. a root and an affix B. a stem and an affix

C. a root and a free morpheme D. two free morphemes

134. The word hamburger is of _____ origin.

A. American B. Italian C. German D. French

135. The phrase “the three small Chinese “ is ____construction.

A. endocentric B. exocentric C hierarchical D. linear

136. The conceptualist view of meaning is based on the presumption

that one can derive meaning from ______.

A. function B. context C. instinct D. observation

137. If one word has more than one meaning , then we call it ____.

A. polysemy B. synonymy C. homonymy D. hyponymy

138. The words “male “or “female “ are ____antonyms.

A. gradable B. complementary C. converse D. complete 139. The words “amaze “ and “astound” are very close in meaning ,

they are _____synonyms.

A. dialectal B. stylistic C. semantically different D.

collocational

140. Which pair is the emotive synonym?

A. dad and father B. flat and apartment C. mean and frugal D.

charge and accuse

141. The words “rain “ and “reign “ are______.

A. homographs B. complete homonyms C. homophones D.

allophones

142. was the student of _____.

A .Bloomfield B. Firth C. Halliday D. Sapir

143. Which of the following functions are NOT the functions put

forward by Halliday?

A. the Ideational Function B. The Interpersonal Function C.

Generative Function D. The Textual Function

144. Which of the following is NOT Saussure’s field of study?

A. Linguistics B. Sociology C. Psychology D. Anthropology

145. Grice introduced four categories of maxims, which one means

we should be clear in our meaning?

A. Quantity Maxim B. Manner Maxim C. Quality Maxim

D. Relation Maxim

146. The Q-principle is ______.

A. hearer-based B. speaker-based C. both the hearer and the speaker

based D. context-based

147. Sense and reference are two terms often encountered in the

study of _____. A . word function B. word meaning C. word formation D. word

system

148. The notion of Functional Sentence Perspective is used to

describe____.

A. how information is distributed in sentences

B how sentences ate formed

C the function of sentences

D the relation between language and its users

149. The first major theory in the study of language in use is called

_____.

A. illocutionary theory Act theory C. conversational

implicature D. the Q and R-principle

150._____ is the major concern of semantics.

A. Meaning B. Words C. Sentence structures

D .Phrase structure rules

答案：

1.C2.A3.A4.B5.C6.B7.B8.D9.B10.A11.B12.D13.B14.D15.C16.C17.C18.B19.D20.C21.A22.D23A.24.C25.C26.D27.D28.B29.B30.D31.B32.B33.C34.D35.A36.B37.D38.B39.D40.B41.C42.C43.D44.B45.A46.B47.B48.D49.B50.B51.C52.C53.B54.C55.B56.A57.A58.C59.B60.A61.B62.D63.B64.C65.B66.D67.D68.B69.A70.B71.B72.A73.D74C75.A76.D77.C78.D.79.D80.A81.B82.B83.C84.C85.B86.A87.C88.B89.A90.D91.A92.D93.D94.A95.B96.A97.D98.A99.C100.A101.B102.A103.D104.D105.A106.D107.C108.D109.A110.A111.A112.B113.B114.A115.D116.D117.A118.C119.C120.A121.D122.A123.A124.C125.B126.B127.C128.D129.B130.A131.D132.A133.D134.C135.A136.B137.A138.B139.C140.C141.C142.D143.C144.D145.B146.A147.B148.A149.B150A