2023年6月24日发(作者：)

大学英语读写译（二）

期末测试题（1）

Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10 points)

Directions:

For questions 1-7, mark

Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information

given in the passage;N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the

passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For question 8-10,

complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

The Web------My Main Source of Information and Education

The advance of the World Wide Web (Web) on the Internet has made it possible for people to

enjoy a better life. We can safely say that the Internet has become part of most people’s daily life

in developed countries. The Web gives us excellent sources of information, saves our time, money

and it is extremely convenient.

As a resource, the World Wide Web (Web) contains huge amounts of information. The Web is

extensive, relatively easy to access, and provides virtually unlimited information. An excellent

resource to gain knowledge, the Web is leading the “information revolution.” It has made a huge

difference in the world, and will continue to do so. When you need current information and you

need it now, there are few alternatives.

Over the past 12 years I have been involved in technology research. Originally, I obtained

software information from printed reference materials and then from CDs. The advent of the Web

as a research tool has greatly expanded the availability of information while reducing the amount

of time needed on each task.

The majority of my time on the Web involves looking up technical computer information,

which I use for teaching Microsoft application classes and providing technical advice at work.

Outside of work, I really like following all aspects of the financial world, and the Web has turned

into a great resource for this hobby.

I can’t imagine being without it. Although it takes time to examine through the great number of sources, I find that after years of use I can quickly analyze the search results to find the most

appropriate site. The amount of information on the Web is staggering, so it is important to

remember what it is you are searching for and not get sidetracked.

The Web is a wonderful resource when you can judge that the information provided is

accurate and true. Like any other resource, the Web has good and not so good information to share.

Depending on what you are looking for, you have to judge for yourself how relevant the material

is for you. It is important not to believe everything you read and to attempt to stay away from

personal sites, and I try to know who is responsible for the site before treating the information as

fact.

The more you use the Web, the more comfortable you get, and the more likely you are to use

it even more. The Web certainly helps save time and allows you to focus resources in doing

research and seeking out useful information.

Overall, the Web has given me the opportunity to be much more times effective at obtaining

data. If I find material but do not have time to read it, I print it out and read it later or on the

commuter train. In addition, as I find things of interest, it takes only a few seconds to share that

information with my team members and other professional associates. This enhances my

networking capability to be in touch with many people with the same interest looking at a

particular subject.

The Web provides an excellent way to find information fast. It enables users to find research

as it is occurring, rather than waiting for it to be published. It also provides a highly collaborative

environment in which it is quick and easy to exchange ideas with colleagues.

Not long ago we used to go to the library every time we needed information and spent hours

searching for the right sources. Today there is “library” in our house and it is available 24 hours a

day. From my personal experience, I found that using information online is very helpful. While I

am at home, I am still able to connect to the world and search for any educational materials I need.

I am able to exchange thoughts, opinions and information with my classmates without leaving my

house.

The Web is not only a big information provider but also saves us money and time. People are

predicting that education will be much cheaper in the future because of Internet access to

information. The cost of land, buildings and wages for teachers are continuously increasing and that makes conventional education more expensive than online education. What’s more, regular

courses (offline) depend heavily on books and other traditional paper-base materials while online

education posts lectures, notes, and assignments electronically and that saves thousands of dollars

every year. There is also no need for the classroom itself because most programs online require

participation in discussion and group project via e-mail.

The Web provides convenient classes and courses because there are no physical restrictions

as in conventional education like space and time limitations. First, in classroom based education

there is a limitation on the number of students that are allowed in each class while Internet

education is available to everyone because a classroom is not a problem there. Students don’t have

to struggle in order to register for the classes they like. Besides, there is no time limitation so

students can repeat exercises as many times as they need.

Education will spread out more and more online and students will have more choices on how

and when to take their courses and classes. They will easily be able to take the classes they want

and repeat material on the Internet as many times as they need.

The Web is an excellent way to acquire knowledge quickly and easily, visit company

websites, e-mail any questions you might have, research topics, conduct surveys, participate in

special interest discussions, and gather information for further analysis without having to be

physically present.

1. The Web is a good source which is quick, easy to access, and full of useful information.

2. The author looks up computer information and frequently enjoys music and movies on the

Web.

3. Information on the Web is always easy to judge.

4. When the author is in a hurry he usually prints the information out and reads it later or on

the commuter train.

5. In the author’s opinion, online education is believed to be more successful than the

traditional education.

6. The author clearly believes the Web will put libraries out of business.

7. On the Web the students have more opportunities to choose the way and the time to take

their courses and classes. 8. In the author’s opinion, the Web is not only a big ________, but also a time and money

saver.

9. The Web is a good source which is extensive, ________, and provides almost all useful

information.

10. Internet education is more convenient because there are fewer restrictions such as

________and ________.

Part II Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth) (40 points)

Section A （10 points）

Direction: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. Choose one word for each blank

from the following words in the blank. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

once. （Passage A 和Passage B 二者选作其一。）

Passage A

As it happened, the man was a visiting physics professor from Rome── part of the flood of

scientists fleeing postwar Europe. Having just arrived, he was given directions to the lab, found it

was dirty, and began 47 it up. “He was doing research in cosmic rays. And he was the first one

who made me think that maybe I was not all that dumb.”

So if an innate gift for science is not 48 , what are the qualities that make a scientist?

The first, says Lederman, is “total dedication.” Scientists need “ 49 to being 50 ,” he

says. “You’ve got to be able to live 51 he low periods, of which there are many. You need a

willingness to work hard and be 52 ── think about what you’re doing while you’re shaving.

It’s got to be able to obsess you completely, so that you’re not interested in vacations or sleeping

or eating or anything. 53 at some point you’ve got to 54 your head up. But you need to

be able to go for three months or 55 with naps on cots and whatever food 56 out of the

coin machine.”

A. so F. cleaning K. comes

B. raise G. through L. narrow-minded

C. Persistently H. single-minded M. essential D. Naturally I. elementary N. discouraged

E. encouraged J. resistance O. lift

Passage B

There is 47 creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and 48

innovations past and present. And there is a danger of 49 creative breakthroughs in the West.

When any innovation is 50 losely, its reliance on 51 achievements is all too apparent (the

"standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon).

But 52 that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and

creativity are both 53 goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the

Chinese and American 54 , a superior way to 55 education, perhaps striking a better balance

between the 56 of creativity and basic skills?

A. approach F. enormous K. poles

B. creativity G. previous L. innovation

C. balance H. assuming M. artistic

D. worthwhile I. somewhat N. examined

E. emerge J. exaggerating O. extremes

Section B （30 points）

Directions: There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should

decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single

line through the center.

Passage One

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.

Every country tends to accept its own way of life as being the normal one and to praise or

criticize others as they are similar to or different from it. And unfortunately, our picture of the

people and the way of life of other countries is often a distorted (曲解) one. Here is a great argument in favor of foreign travel and learning foreign languages. It is only

by traveling in, living in a country and getting to know its inhabitants and their language that one

can find out what a country and its people are really like. And how different the knowledge one

gains this way frequently turns out to be from the second-hand information gathered from other

sources! How often we find that the foreigners whom we thought to be such different people from

ourselves are not very different at all!

Differences between people do, of course, exist and, one hopes, will always continue to do so.

The world will be a dull place indeed when all the different nationalities behave exactly alike.

With the much greater rapidity and ease of travel, there might seem to be some truth in this at least

as far as Europe is concerned. However this may be, at least the greater ease of travel today has

revealed to more people than ever before that the Englishman or Frenchman or German is not

some different kind of animal from themselves.

11. Every country criticizes ways of life in other countries because they are _____.

A. dull B. normal

C. similar to each other D. different from its own

12. One who travels in a foreign country and learns its language will _____.

A. find out what its people are like

B. argue in favor of this country and the language

C. know the country and its people better

D. like its inhabitants and their language

13. The knowledge one gains by traveling in a foreign country is often _____.

A. from second-hand information

B. gathered more from other sources than from its inhabitants

C. gained from the arguments about the country

D. different from what one had before the travel

14. Differences between people _____.

A. will gradually disappear because of ease of travel

B. do exist even though different nationalities behave exactly alike C. will always continue to exist and the world will be a dull place

D. will not exist as one hopes

15. “However” (in para.3, line4) most probably means_____.

A. Somewhat B. By whatever means C. Anyhow D. No matter what

Passage Two

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

In some ways the employment interview is like a persuasive speech because the applicant

(interviewee) seeks to persuade the employer (interviewer) to employ him or her. Several

suggestions might prove helpful to the applicant as preparation is made for the actual interview.

A job applicant has the responsibility for ascertaining certain types of information prior to the

interview. First, the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and how that job relates to

his career objective. It is important that the applicant be able to state his reasons for wishing to

work for a particular company. Second, the applicant should seek as much information as possible

concerning the company. Relevant information for the applicant to locate includes such items as

the location of the home and regional offices. The financial status of the company, plans for

expansion, and company philosophy. Information about most major corporations is available in

reference books and periodicals.

After gathering information concerning the company, the applicant is ready for the interview.

The interviewer’s first impression comes from the interviewee’s appearance. For most interviews,

appropriate dress for man is a conservative dark colored suit with a long sleeve, white or light blue

shirt and a conservative tie. For women a conservative, tailored suit or dress is appropriate. Both

men and women should have neat, conservative length hair.

Although hairstyle and dress are matters of personal taste, many personnel directors form

initial impressions form these characteristics. For example, one recent college graduate, who felt

himself qualified, interviewed for a public relations job. However, the personnel manager

considered this young man’s long hair, sloppy dress, and overly casual manner unsuited for this

particular position.

16. For whom is the passage most likely written?

A. An employee B. An interviewee C. An employer D. An interviewer

17. As the author suggests, what the applicant should know before the interview is _____.

A. the type of work and his career expectation

B. his career objective a particular company will decide

C. whether the job fits his career objective

D. all of the above

18. Before the interview, the applicant should obtain some information about _____.

A. most major corporations B. reference books and periodicals

D. business and philosophy C. the company he wants to work for

19. What the applicant wears, as the author suggests, can make him look _____.

A. persuasive B. informative C. personal D. conservative

20. What is the author trying to tell us through the example in the last paragraph?

A. The importance of personal taste. B. The importance of public relations

C. The importance of first impression. D. The importance of self-confidence

Passage Three

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the

basic essentials of life –food, shelter, clothes, and warmth. Then we are faced with a choice

between using technology to provide and fulfill needs which have been regarded as unnecessary or,

on the other hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours or work which a man must do

in order to earn a given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living

above that necessary for comfort and happiness or we leave it at this level and work shorter hours.

I shall take it for granted that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be

working shorter and shorter hours in their employment. It follows that the housewife will also

expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also

follows that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist. Yet the great majority

of the housewives will wish to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home

such as vacuuming the floors, or washing the clothes, or making beds. By far the most logical step to relieve the housewife of routine, is to provide a robot slave

which can be trained to the requirements of a particular home and can be programmed to carry out

half a dozen or more standard operations, when so switched by the housewife.

21. In this passage, the author states that ______.

A. technology is no longer regarded as important as it used to be

B. it is always reasonable to make a man work full time for a good salary

C. modern civilization provides people with more than daily necessities

D. it is salary, not the number of working hours that worries people most

22. It can be learned from the passage that ______.

A. the ultimate purpose of developing technology is to fulfill the needs of daily life

B. the better choice is to reduce working hours by making use of technology

C. men will be less paid due to the decrease in the number of working hours

D. men have to work longer if they want to enjoy more in their lives

23. According to the passage, housewives ______.

A. are not satisfied with the present standard of living

B. think that domestic servants are very helpful

C. will prefer to live a life with more free time

D. are burdened with housework

24. The words “routine operations” (the last sentence in para. 1) in this passage refers to _____.

A. daily necessities

C. medical operations

B. domestic servants

D. daily housework

25. The main purpose of the second paragraph is to ______.

A. explain why a robot is essential

B. advertise a new type of robot

C. instruct housewives how to operate a robot

D. suggest making use of a robot in the house

Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding

letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

26. Even though he has lived in China for many years, Mark still can not _______ himself to the

Chinese customs.

A. adopt

A. dollar

A. flexible

A. checked

B. adapt

B. coin

B. fluent

B. chained

C. accept

C. money

C. formal

C. ceased

C. strain

D. advertise

D. cash

D. fluid

D. chased

D. murder

D. conserve

27. We don’t accept cheques; you have to pay in ____.

28. He was surprised that her English was so ____ as she had never been to England.

29. The dog _______ the rabbit but could not catch it.

30. Much of the news provided by this newspaper is _______, not foreign.

A. domestic B. purchase

A. reserve

31. I rang the hotel to ____ a double room for a week.

B. preserve C. occupy

32. Americans may have to ____ the number of privately owned cars and depend more on public

transportation systems.

A. get down

A. scenes

B. cut down C. break down

D. drop down

D. scenery

33. Switzerland is well-known for its impressive mountainous ____.

B. views C. sights

34. Education in government colleges is very cheap, but if you go to the ______ colleges, it is

much more expensive.

A. individual

A. condensing

A. more

A. offer

B. public C. private

D. personal

D. converting

35. Natural gas can be used to power cars by ____ their engines.

B. transmitting

B. rather

B. spend

C. transferring

57. He is _______a writer as a reporter.

C. not so much D. not such

C. cost D. afford

58. She was envious of her brother because he could _____a large house and a very expensive car.

59. --How about the book you are reading?

--Good, indeed. It ________many problems we have come across in our study.

A. says

B. talks C. covers

C. hoped

D. refers

D. wished

60. Children are tired of learning often because they are __________to do more than they can.

A. expected B. suggested

61. --Nancy is not coming tonight.

--But she _____!

A. promises B. promised C. will promise D. had promised 62. Dr. Bethune began to work the _____ he arrived at the front.

A. moment B. place C. way D. reason

63. --Thanks for the_____ you did me to move away the stone.

--That’s all right.

A. favour B. good C. trouble D. kindness

64. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _____.

A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out

65. If a bird stays ____ for two or three weeks after leaving the nest, it has a fair chance of

becoming an adult.

A. living B. lively C. alive D. live

66. We will not attack ______ we are attacked; if attacked, we will certainly counter-attack.

A. if B. when C. unless D. even if

Part IV Cloze (20 points)

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices

marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the

corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

The Olympic Marathon sport is full of wonderful moments，but perhaps nothing is as

exciting as the finish of the marathon. It is the longest race 67 all. The 68 “marathon”

comes from a village in Greece. In the year of 490 BC a famous battle was 69 there. When the

Greek had 70 the Persians，a soldier ran 71 the way from Marathon to Athens to tell

people the good 72 . When the modern Olympics Games were started in1890，the organizers

73 this story. The marathon has been a race 74 then. In the ancient world the Olympics were

held 75 four years for1000 years. They became an important part of people’s life. The finest

76 in the world are 77 to participate or at least the finest amateurs are. An amateur is

someone who does not 78 any money from sport. It is often hard to say who is an amateur

and 79 is not. It is true 80 Olympic athletes do not earn large 81 of money like 82

sportsmen. But Olympic athletes are often students or teachers of a sport. They have 83 a lot

of time training. Their governments 84 for their travel， 85 they want them to win. Some

people think that this changes the Olympics. They 86 that the games are now a political

marathon.

67. A. out of B. among

C. of D. with

68. A. race B. title C. word D. sport 69. A. continued B. fought

70. A. hit B. beaten

71. A. all B. on

72. A. ideas

73. A. finished

74. A. since

75. A. in

76. A. persons

78. A. earn

79. A. that

80. A. that

81. A. deal

B. victory

B. spoke

B. and

C. run

D. had

D. won

D. with

D. made

D. after

C. destroyed

C. along

C. news

C. knew

C. from

C. about

C. winners

C. take

C. who

C. whether

C. mass

D. happenings

B. every

B. people

B. have

B. what

B. number

B. spent

B. offer

B. if

B. wish

D. within

D. athletes

D. consider

D. which

D. how

D. real

D. sums

77. A. allowed B. agreed

B. what

C. approved D. collected

82. A. professional

83. A. needed

84. A. give

85. A. although

86. A. feel

B. other C. strong

C. taken D. brought

C. pay D. allow

C. when

C. suggest

D. because

D. guess

Part VI Translation (10 points)

Directions:

There are 5 incomplete sentences in this part. Complete them by translating the

Chinese given in brackets into English.

if you _____________________(当场被拒绝),you shouldn’t lose your confidence.

lly speaking, the blind _________________（对声音更敏感）

badly ____________________（他在事故中受伤）that he had to be sent to hospital

should__________________（尽量少出差错）in your work.

was in this room___________________（第一次会议举行）

答案：

大学英语读写译（二）

期末测试题（1）

Part I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (10%，每题1分)

1.Y 2. N 3. N 4. Y 5. Y 6. NG

8. information provider 9. easy to access

7. Y

10. space, time

Part II Reading Comprehension(Reading in depth) (40%)

Section A (10%，每题1分)

47. F 48.M 49.J 50.N 51.G 52.H 53 D 54.O 55.A 56. K

Section B(30%，每题2分)

11-15 DCDAB 16-20 BDCAC 21-25 CBCDD

Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20%，每题1分)

26-30 BDBDA 31-35 ABDCD 57-61 CDCAB 62-66 AADCC

Part IV Cloze (20%，每题1分)

67-71 CCBBA 72-76 CCABD 77-81 AACAD 82-86 ABCDA

Part V Translation (10%，每题2分)

评分原则及标准：

1. 整体内容和语言均正确，得2分。

2. 结构正确，但整体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当，得1分。

3. 整体意思正确但语言有错误，得1分。

4. 整体意思完全错误，即使结构正确也不得分。

5. 大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计。

87. are turned down on the spot

0.5分 1分 0.5分

88. are more sensitive to sound

0.5分 1分 0.5分

89. was he injured in the accident

0.5分 1分 0.5分

90. try to make as few mistakes as possible

0.5分 0.5分 1分

91. that the first meeting was held

0.5分 0.5分 1分