2024年3月10日发(作者：)

医学英语词根词缀

Suffix

-ac

-al

-ar

-ary

-ase

-cle

-e

-eal

-ia

-ic

-ics

-ine/in

-ism

-ist

-itis

-(i)um

-ive

-let

-ment

-oid

-ole

Meaning

pertaining to

属于，关于

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

belonging to

enzyme

酶

smallness

小

，

少

，

贫乏

，

小气

an instrument

仪器

pertaining to

condition; quality

pertaining to

study of; name of a science

substance

物质

process or condition

one who specializes in

精通于……的人

inflammation refers to a part in

……部位的炎症

relation to a whole; related to

与……相关

characterizes by

tiny; small

the result or product of an action

resembling; like

像

little; small

Example

cardiac: pertaining to the heart

心脏（病）的

medical: pertaining to medicine

molecular: pertaining to a molecule

分子的

ciliary: pertaining to the cilia

睫毛的

，

纤毛的

,

毛状的

amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar

淀粉酶

follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac

小囊

，（

头发的

）

毛囊

auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (

检 查

耳朵用的

)

耳镜

laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx

喉的

，

喉音的

phobia: abnormal fear

恐惧，害怕

toxic: pertaining to toxin

有毒的；因中毒引起的

paediatrics: study of children, their development and

diseases

儿科学

insulin

：

substance (hormone) produced by the

islets of Langerhans in the pancreas

胰岛素

alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which

becomes addictive

酒精中毒

pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the

study of drugs

药理专家

rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages

鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

endometrium: inner lining of the uter

子宫内膜

antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing

止咳

药」

droplet: a tiny drop

小滴

development: thing which develops or is being

developed; action of becoming mature

mucoid: resembling mucus

粘液样的

centriole: the small dense structure in the middle

of the centrosome

细胞中心粒；中心体

-oma

-or/-er

-ory

-ose

-osis

-ous

-somes

-um

-y

tumor; swelling refers to a doer

either a person or thing

characterized by; pertaining to

sugar

abnormal condition

pertaining to

bodies

structure; thing; substance

dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin

皮肤纤维瘤

receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to

various stimuli

感受器，受体

suspensory: which is hanging down

悬吊式，悬带

fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit

果

糖

onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail

嵌甲

poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing

poison

有母的，分泌毒素的

ribosome: the body of nucleic acid

核糖体

magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance

镁

结构，物质

condition; act; process

（金属元素）

or metabolism

营养不 艮

Meaning

pain; painful; condition

enzyme

embryo

胚，胚胎，人类胚胎

Example

arthralgia: pain in a joint

关节痛

protease: digestive enzyme

蛋 白酶

hemocytoblast: blast cell

血胚细胞，原始血细胞

The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes

Suffix

-algia

--ase

-blast

-carcinoma malignant tumor developing fromadenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing connective

tissue

相关组织的恶性

from glandular tissue

腺癌

肿瘤

-cele protrusion; distention

突出；膨胀，

esophagocele: abnormal distention of the

延伸

-centesis surgical puncture

手术穿孔

esophagus

食管突出

paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the

aspiration of fluid

穿刺术

-capnia

-cide

-clast

carbon dioxide

二氧化碳

kill

cell

acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide

血液二氧化

碳缺乏

germicide: （substance） which can kill germs

杀菌剂

phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell,

which can surround and destroy other cells

噬菌 细

胞

-dynia

-ectasia/

pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue

舌痛

expansion; dilation（

膨胀，扩张

） atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at

-ectasis birth

肺不张