2023年7月22日发(作者：)

名词性从句

1. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or

sleeping.（2012北京） A. that B. which C. where D. when

2. Care of the soul is a gradual process ______ even the small details of life should be considered.

（2012湖南） A. what B. in what C. which D. in which

3. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ______ urgently needed clean water,

medicine and shelter to survive. （2012江苏）

A. which B. who C. where D. what

4. By 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. （2012江西）

A. which B. when C. what D. that

5. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about

Mark Twain. （2012辽宁） A. wherever B. however C. whatever D. whichever

6. Maria has written two novels, both of _______ have been made into television series. （2012山东）

A. them

山东）

A. when B. where

A. that

（2012陕西）

A whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever

C. before D. until

C. which D. what

B. that C. which D. what

7. A number of high buildings have arisen _______ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. （20128. It is the third time that she has won the race, __ ____ has surprised us all. （2012陕西）

B. where

9. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose suits you best.

10. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ______ you are and wait for help.

（2012四川）

A. why B. where C. who D. what

11. In our class there are 46 students, ______ half wear glasses. （2012四川）

A. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them

12. Everything was placed exactly ______ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony. （2012天津）

A. while B. when C. where

13. We live in an age

D. though

______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.

（2012浙江） A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which

14. Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, ______ , for some reason, had withdrawn from all

human society. （2012浙江） A. which B. who C. where D. whom

15. Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as sales. （2012重庆）

A. which B. that C. when D. where 16. Evidence has been found through years of study ______ children’s early sleeping problem

likely to continue when they grow up. (2012重庆)

A. why B. how C. whether D. that

17. That evening, ______ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. (2012全国卷2)

A. that B. which C. what D．when

动词不定式做定语

1） 主动关系

He was the last guest to arrive(=who arrived)

He is not the man to draw back.

2) 动宾关系

He has a large family to support(=that he must support)

This is the best book to read.

There is a quarter of an hour to kill.

3) 同位关系

The boy has an impulse to jump over the fense.

I have no wish to quarrel with you.

不定式与形容词的搭配关系：

1）主句主语是不定式结构的逻辑主语

a.表示喜怒哀惧的形容词+不定式

He is glad to help each other

Henry was happy to heard it=Henry was happy when he heard it.

We were sorry not to be there.

John was very pleased to be given the job.

b)表示运气好坏的形容词+不定式

He was lucky to find it.

She was unlucky to spoil it.

c)表示心理状态，个人态度的形容词

He is anxious to see her?

He is not very keen to think about it.

We are ready to make the attempt.

d)表示性格特征和行为表现的形容词+不定式

He is foolish to meet her again.

They were thoughtful to come home early.

She was stupid to make such a mistake.

You are kind to say so.

2)主句主语是不定式结构的逻辑宾语。

That question is difficult to answer.

动词不定式做主语：

To love and to be love is the greatest thing in the world.

爱与被爱是这个世界上最大的幸福

To see is to believe.

动词不定式做宾语： 1）动词+ 不定式

afford. aim. appear. agree. arrange . ask . be . decide. bother . care . choose . come. dare.

demand. desire. determine . expect. elect . endeavor .hope. fail . happen . help . hesitate .learn .

long . mean. manage . offer . ought. plan . prepare. pretend . promise. refuse. seem. tend.

wait . wish. undertake.

举例：

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question.

我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2） 动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find

out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice.

问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

4)以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。

如：agree, ask, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail ,help, hope, lean, long,

manage, offer, plan, prepare,

pretend, promise, refuse, wish 等，这些词大部分可接that引导的从句。如：

I decided to ask for my money back.

I decided that I would ask for my money back.

When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot.

When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that we would start back on foot.

5)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动 词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。如：

We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.

He feels it his duty to help the poor.

不定时做目的状语时

常以下面形式出现：

（to do , in order to do , so as to do）

I got up early (in order/so as)to catch the early bus.

He raised his voice (so as/in order )to be heard by all the students.

To get there in time, they started early.

He hurried home only to find nobody in.

She was too excited to say a single word.

We found the room not big enough to hold so many people.

He is so stupid as to do that.

1._______the employees’ working efficiency(效率), the supervisor(管理者) will allow them to

have a coffee break.

A. Improving B. To improve C. Having improved D. Improved children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _______.

A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard

asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _____for a space flight.

A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained

was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____a look at the

sports stars.

A. had B. having C. to have D. have

the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _____, and asked myself what I was going

to do.

A. moved B. moving C. to move C. being moved

’t sit there _____nothing. Come and help me with this table.

A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing

hurried to the station only_____ that the train had left.

A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found

secretary worked late into the night, ______a long speech for the president.

A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing

9.A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____all four people on board.

A. killed B. killing C. kills D. to kill

l’s new house is like a huge palace, _______with his old one.

A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared

________different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without

noticing the many similarities.

A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared

and gentlemen, please remain _____until the plane has come to a complete stop.

A. seated B. seating C. to seat D. seat

13.I like getting up very early in summer, The morning air is so good _______.

A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed

结果状语从句

so that, so…that….,such…that，

1. Pop music is such an important part of society ______it has even influenced our language.

A. as B. that C. which D. where.

has _____little education _____he is unable to find a job.

A. such; that B. so; and C. so; that D. such; and

3.______that none of us could follow him.

A. He spoke very fast B. So fast he spoke

C. Too fast he spoke D. So fast did he speak

is _____that I’d like to go on a picnic.

A. a very lovely day B. too lovely a day

C. such lovely a day D. so lovely a day

room was packed with people, _____we couldn’t get in.

A. so that B. as if C. while D. as

6.I’m surprised that _____ a little animal can eat ____much food.

A. so; so B. such; such C. so; such D. such; so

7. It was ______ beautiful furniture that I’m thinking of buying it A. so B. such C. that D. as

课堂练习

1.(2011全国卷,27) The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.

C. to rise

2.(2011全国卷II,15) The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.

A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined

3.(2011全国卷II,18) Sarah pretended to be cheerful,______nothing about the argument.

A. says B. said C. to say D. saying

4.（2011北京卷,25）It’s important for the figures regularly.

A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated

5.（2011北京卷,33）Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.

A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept

6.（2011天津卷,7）Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the

plane.

carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried

7.（2011天津卷,12）______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different

word order.

A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated

8.（2011上海春招）Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, __ newly cleaned

and polished.

A. looked B. to look C. looking D. to be looking

9.（2011上海春招,36）______ in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the

original fun park.

A. Opened B. Having opened C. Opening D. Being opened

10.（2011上海春招,40）Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars _____as a

carpenter before.

A. to work B. to be working C. to have worked D. to have been

working

11.(2011山东卷,27) Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path _________ up to the

house.

A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead

12.（2011江苏卷,31）Recently a survey ___prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets

has caused heated debate among citizens.

A．compared B．comparing C．compares D．being compared

13.（2011福建卷,23）Tsinghua University, in 1911, is home to a great number of

outstanding figures.

A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded

14.（2011福建卷,27）The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the

iPad 2 more comfortable .

A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold

15.（2011安徽卷,）Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier __into

small pieces.

A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break 16.(2011浙江卷,3) Bats are surprsingly long-lived creatures, some _______a life span of

around 20 years.

B had C. have D. to have

17.(2011浙江卷,14) Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ____for words.

A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost

18.(2011浙江卷) If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city____by

their enthusiastic supporters.

A. being cheered B. be cheeresd C. to be cheered D. were cheered

19.（2011四川卷,2）Ladex does’t feel like abroad. Her parents are old.

A. study B. studying C. studied study

20.（2011四川卷,11）Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could

fly.

g keep