2023年6月24日发(作者：)

大学四级-796

(总分705,考试时间90分钟)

Part Ⅰ Writing

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should write at

least 120 words following the outline given below.

1. Make a brief introduction to yourself.

2. Talk about your past experience and professional skills.

3. Remember to provide your contact information.

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the

questions on Answer Sheet 1.

For each question, mark

Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the

passage;

N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the

passage;

NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

In most people' s mind, growth is associated, with prosperity. We judge how well the economy is

doing by the size of the Gross National Product (GNP), a measure, supposedly, of growth. Equally

axiomatic, however, is the notion that increased pressure on dwindling natural resources must

inevitably lead to a decline in prosperity, especially when accompanied by a growth in population.

So, which is correct?

What growth advocates mean, primarily, when they say growth is necessary for prosperity is

that growth is necessary for the smooth functioning of the economic system. In one arena the

argument in favor of growth is **pelling and that is with regard to the Third World. To argue

against growth, other than population growth, in light of Third World poverty and degradation

seems callous. But is it? Could it be that growth, especially the growth of the wealthier countries, has contributed to the impoverishment, not the advancement, of Third World countries?

If not, how do we account for the desperate straits these countries find themselves in today after a

century of dedication to growth?

To see how this might be the case we must look at the impact of growth on Third World

countries -- the reality, not the abstract stages-of-economic-growth theory advocated through

rose-colored glasses by academicians of the developed world. What good is growth to the people

of the Third World if it means the conversion of peasant farms into mechanized agri-businesses

**modities not for local consumption but for export, if it means the stripping of their land of its

mineral and other natural treasures to the benefit of foreign investors and a handful of their local

collaborators, if it means the assumption of a crushing foreign indebtedness, the proceeds of which

go not into the development of the country but into the purchase of expensive 'cars and the buying

of luxurious residence in Miami.

Admittedly, this is an oversimplification. But the point, I believe, remains valid: that growth

in underdeveloped countries cannot simply be judged in the abstract; it must be judged based on

the true nature of growth in these societies, on who benefits and who is harmed, on where growth

is leading these people and where it has left them. When considered in this way, it just might be

that in the present context growth is more detrimental to the well-being of the wretched of the

earth than beneficial.

So, do we need growth for prosperity? Only the adoption of zero growth can provide the

answer. But that is a test not easily undertaken. Modem economies are **plex phenomena, a

tribute to man' s ability to organize and a challenge to his ability to understand. Anything thai

affects their functioning, such as a policy of zero growth, should not be proposed without a wary

prudence and a self-doubting humility. But if the prospect of leaping into the economic unknown

is fear-inspiring, equally so is the prospect of letting that fear prevent us from acting when the

failure to act could mean untold misery for future generations and perhaps environmental

catastrophes which threaten our very existence.

1. Gross National Product is a safe measure for economic growth.

2. Diminishing natural resources will prove harmful to the well-being of humanity.

3. A decline in prosperity will inevitably lead to a growth in population.

4. Growth in population will be a chief threat to economic prosperity.

5. Growth in richer countries is achieved at the expense of the Third World countries.

6. The smooth functioning of the economic system is dependent on sustained prosperity.

7. The stages of economic growth cannot be superseded or modified by social mechanisms.

8. With regard to the economic development in the Third World countries, people in these

countries have not actually benefited from it.

9. The author seems to believe that prosperity can only be achieved without economic growth.

10. The answer of the author to the question "Do we need growth for prosperity.'?" is negative.

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations and one long conversation. At the

end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the

conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.

During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, G and D, and decide which is the

best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the

centre.

Questions 11 to 20 are based on the conversation you' ve just heard.

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11.

A. He is often late for meals.

B. He is expecting a letter from abroad.

C. He wrote to his family last month.

D. He is anxious to go back hom

12. A. On foot. B. By car.

C. By bus. D. By bik

13.

A. Look for the key. B. Go for a drive.

C. Fix the shelf. D. Paint the shel

14.

A. As big as he expected.

B. Much bigger than he expected.

C. Not as big as he expected.

D. So small that he is not satisfie

15.

A. He is too proud.

B. He has a high aspiration.

C. He is very talented.

D. He is painstaking in his work.

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16.

A. It was too long for the audience to be attentive.

B. It was rather boring.

C. It made the audience silent and uninterested.

D. It was quite interestin

17.

A. 12:15. B. 12:30.

C. 1:00. D. 1:15.

18.

A. An electrician. B. A mechanic.

C. A salesman. D. A plumber.

19.

A. In orchard. B. In a garden.

C. In a kitchen. D. At a picni

20.

A. He thinks the cherries are tasty.

B. He thinks the cherries aren' t grown here.

C. He thinks there aren't any cherries today.

D. He wants to know whether the cherries are delicious or not.

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the conversation you' ve just heard.

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21. A. To the supermarket. B. To school.

C. To her home. D. To work outdoors.

22.

A. She works at the meat counter.

B. She puts groceries out on the shelves.

C. She carries groceries out of the store for customers.

D. She checks the quality of the dairy.

23.

A. Trimming fruit and vegetables.

B. Cutting grass.

C. Raking leaves.

D. Pulling weeds.

24.

A. He doesn't earn enough money for tuition.

B. He has to work many hours.

C. He doesn't have time for lunch.

D. He sometimes has to work in bad weather.

25.

A. They are good friends.

B. They are former schoolmates.

C. They are neighbors.

D. They are former workmates.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will

hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear

a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then

mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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26.

A. **puters have no conscience.

B. **puters can be used to steal money.

C. **puters are honest.

D. **puters are cheaper. 27.

A. He was caught in an illegal gambling operation.

B. **puter has recorded what he had done.

C. Many customers questioned the balance in their accounts.

D. There have been some witness and evidence against him.

28.

A. The criminals exposed are only small portions of those that really exist.

B. The criminals are **puter experts.

C. They have made great achievements in cracking **puter crimes.

D. Police need to learn more **puters.

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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29.

A. When he saw a motionless whale for the first time.

B. When he saw an animal for the first time.

C. When he saw a one-person underwater vehicle.

D. When he saw an airplane like craft.

30.

A. It is a war ship.

B. It is a one-person underwater vehicle.

C. It is a kind of airplane.

D. It is a one-person vehicle on the se

31.

A. At speeds up to 15 knots.

B. At speeds up to 20 knots.

C. At speeds up to 12 knots.

D. At speeds up to 50 knots.

Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

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32. A. They are kept aloft by air currents.

B. **bine with other chemicals in the atmosphere.

C. Most of them evaporate.

D. Their electrical charges draw them away from the eart

33.

A. They never occur.

B. They are net affected by the force of gravity.

C. In still air they would fall to earth.

D. In moving air they fall at a speed of thirty-two miles per hour.

34.

A. 200 times bigger.

B. 1,000 times bigger.

C. 100,000 times bigger.

D. 1,000,000 times bigger.

35.

A. The Mechanics of Rain.

B. The Weather Patterns of North America.

C. How Earth' s Gravity Affects Agriculture.

D. Types of Clouds.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the

first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When tho passage is read for the second

time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 42 with the exact words you have

just heard. For blanks numbered from 43 to 45 you are required to fill in the missing information.

For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main

points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check

what you have written.

Cocktail parties are on the S36 ______ in many large cities of America. First, people who have

invited someone to dinner do not consider his invitation to a cocktail party a S37 ______

"pay-hack'. Second, most people do not have the S38 ______ or the energy to go somewhere

after a hard day' s work and stand up. Many people who hate large cocktail parties enjoy an

invitation "to come by for a drink", with just a S39 ______ of guests, and everyone seated and S40

______ .

Cocktail parties are usually held between the hours of 5 and 8 pm; guests are invited for a

period of either an hour and a half or two full hours. Usually no one arrives during the first twenty

minutes or so, unless a S41 ______ must be S42 ______ to because the party is held before a

special benefit dinner or theater party.

The strategic placement of the bar (or bars) is very important to the success of any cocktail

party. S43 ______ . So if the party is large, the hostess will plan a bar in the dining room, one in the den, perhaps one in the living room. S44

______. She may have all drinks mixed in the kitchen and have them passed--an assortment--on

trays. Cocktails are always served on trays. She should be sure every tray has several nonalcoholic

drinks included in the assortment. Passing drinks frees up the space; S45 ______ . At a large party,

it is almost impossible for a waiter to refill a guest's same glass; at a small party, it is not only

feasible but advisable.

S36

36. S36

37. S37

38. S38

39. S39

40. S40

41. S41

42. S42

43. S43

44. S44

45. S45

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with 5 blanks: You are required to select one word

for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage

through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.

Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through

the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

A. from B. accompany

C. which D. replace

E. or F. percentage

G. either H. when

Sometimes a population is described as aging, (46) means that the birth rate is either falling

or growing very slowly; and as people retire (47) the workforce there are insufficient number of

young people entering it to (48) those who are leaving it. The population is top-heavy with

older people. So the (49) of the population in the workforce declines when there is (50) a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should

decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line

through the centre.

Passage One

During the summer session there will be a revised schedule of services for the **munity.

Specific changes for intercampus bus services, the cafeteria, and summer hours for the infirmary

and recreational and athletic facilities will be posted on the cafeteria. Weekly movies and concert

schedules, which are in the process of being arranged will be posted each Wednesday outside of

the cafeteria.

Intercampus buses will leave the main hall every hour on the haft hour and make all of the

regular stops on their route around the campus. The cafeteria will serve breakfast, lunch, and early

dinner from 7 am to 7 pm. during the week and from noon to 7 pm on weekends. The weekend

hours for the library are from noon to 7 pm. All students who want to use the library borrowing

services and the recreational, athletic, and entertainment facilities must have valid summer

identification cards. This announcement will also appear in the next issue of the student

newspaper.

51. Specific schedule revisions for which of the following facilities arc listed in this

announcement?

A. Athletic and recreational.

B. Food and transportation.

C. Bookstore and post office.

D. Medical and audio-visual.

52. Which of the following statements is the main purpose of this announcement?

A. To tell campus personnel of the new library services.

B. To announce the new movies on campus this summer.

C. To notify university people of important schedule changes.

D. To remind students to validate their identification cards.

53. According to the announcement a valid identification card is required to ______.

A. ride on intercampus buses

B. read announcements in the cafeteria

C. make use of the infirmary

D. check books out of the library

54. Times for movies and concerts are not listed in this announcement because

A. a film or concert occurs every Wednesday at 7 pm

B. the full list would be too long

C. films and concerts cannot be announced publicly

D. the full list is not ready yet

55. According to the announcement, which of the following statements is true of special summer

hours for the library?

A. It has them only on the weekends.

B. It has them on both weekdays and weekends.

C. It has no special summer hours.

D. This information is not availabl

Passage Two

International airlines have rediscovered the business travelers, the man or woman who regularly

jets from country to country as part of the job. This does not necessarily mean that airlines ever

abandoned their business travelers. Indeed, companies like Lufthansa and Swissair would rightly

argue that they have always catered best for the executive class passengers. But many lines could be accused of concentrating too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by volume,

often at the expense of regular travelers. Too often, they have seemed geared for quantity rather

than quality.

Operating a major airline in the 1980s is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of

passengers. The airlines need to fill up the back end of their wide-bodied jets with low fare

passengers, without forgetting that the front end should be filled with people who pay

substantially more for their tickets.

It is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies in 1982 were among **panies

specializing in cheap flights. But low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights

economically viable, and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown. Equally the

large number of airline jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of capacity.

The net result of excess capacity and cut **petition driving down fares has been to push some

airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink.

Against this grim background, it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards

the business travelers to improve their rates of return. They have invested much time and effort to

establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists.

High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive's time is money. In flight service is

another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive' s attention. The free drinks and

headsets and better food are all part of the lure.

56. One criticism against many international airlines is that they have ______ in the recent past.

A. catered for the more wealthy people

B. given preferential treatment to executive clients

C. only met the needs of the regular traveler

D. marketed their service with the masses in mind

57. In Paragraph 5, "in-flight service" means " ______ ".

A. service on the plane

B. a new safety device

C. flights within one country

D. charge-free air service

58. From the passage we can infer that ______.

A. a successful airline in the 1980s meets the needs not only of the masses but also of the wealthy

passengers

B. it is **fortable to sit in the back of jet planes

C. business travelers dislike tourists

D. only by specializing in cheap flights can airlines avoid bankruptcy

59. The following words are all used to attract passengers EXCEPT ______.

A. punctuality B. sound system

C. free drinks D. charge-free food

60. With the intention of attracting a somewhat different type of passengers, the airlines have now

begun to concentrate on ______.

A. ensuring that the facilities offered to the executive are indeed superior

B. providing facilities enabling business travelers to work on board

C. organizing activities in which first-class passengers can participate

D. installing **partments where more privacy is ensured

Part Ⅴ Cloze

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices

marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the

corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

A manager hoping to blossom as a business leader mast develop the skill to communicate

effectively. One of the foremost tasks of a leader is to create (61) to a cause. To do that he must

**municate to build mutual understanding.

(62) a **municates mostly to (63) information, a leader **munications to build

relationships. A manager overwhelms others with details and still (64) them cold. A

leader (65) their hearts by combining his vision with their (66) in a common cause:

Most Asian business leaders are instinctively (67) relationship

building (68) **munications. But they don' t use the mass media so well. While face to

**munications is (69) , it' s not enough in today' s big business.

(70) their western (71) , they are not so much frightened by mass media's potential to

magnify, distort, and expose. The problem lies more in the (72) of professional

support (73) to them. In most **panies the public affairs function either does not exist or

is (74) routine chores removed from helping the CEO to communicate with wide audiences.

The reason primarily is that the (75) communications officers are placed quite low in the

organizational hierarchy.

Asia' s need for business leaders who are (76) in using mass media to involve the

public (77) the economic development dream has never been greater. Television and the print

media have an enormous (78) on the public perception of business. Our business leaders have

not yet faced an unsympathetic press. They should start now (79) the day may not be too far

away (80) they are suddenly forced to enter the perilous arena of **munications.

61.

A. good at B. poor in

C. excel in D. indifferent to

62.

A. resigned B. assigned

C. awarded D. distributed

63.

A. responsibility B. commitment

C. commission D. dedication

64.

A. competitive B. competitors

C. competing D. competent

65.

A. abundance B. want

C. need D. lack

66.

A. colleagues B. cooperators

C. coordinators D. counterparts

67.

A. cooperation B. corporate

C. incorporate D. commercial

68.

A. moves B. touches

C. stimulates D. loses

69.

A. now that B. unless C. though D. as

70.

A. available B. accessible

C. disposable D. transferable

71.

A. affect B. impact

C. impetus D. impulse

72.

A. whenever B. whichever

C. when D. whatever

73.

A. Unlike B. Like

C. As D. With

74.

A. Since B. When

C. Because D. While

75.

A. transport B. carry

C. convey D. express

76.

A. vital B. utmost

C. ultimate D. chief

77.

A. throughout B. through

C. thereby D. during

78.

A. aspirations B. inspirations

C. perspiration D. persuasion

79.

A. in B. into

C. with D. within

80.

A. leaves B. keeps

C. makes D. renders

Part Ⅵ Short Answer Questions

Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read

the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in fewest possible

words. Your answer may be a word, a phrase, or a short sentence. Write your answers in the

spaces provided on the right of the page.

Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate, and each course

which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American

universities the total work for a degree consists of 36 courses each lasting for one semester. A

typical course consists of three classes per week for 15 weeks; while attending a university a

student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would

expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of

work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one

university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular

practice.

For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is

available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure

and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student

affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective

work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic

authorities. And. a student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has

to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the

system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of

authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.

81. Normally how many classes a student would at least attend each week?

82. According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed

83. Why are American university students usually under pressure of work?

84. Why are some students enthusiastic for positions in student organizations?

85. The student organizations seem to be effective in ______.