2024年1月20日发(作者：)

音标认读

一、元音

前元音：[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ æ ]

[ i: ]

发音组合: e ee ea ie ei

代表单词: me he we even bee feel breeze deep free

seat beat lead tea eat reason grief believe achieve receive

[ i ]

发音组合: i

代表单词: sit bit kick pick wish

音标对比: [ i: ] [ i ]

seat sit

beat bit

sheep ship

[ e ]

发音组合: e ea a

代表单词：pen ten best beg egg net bread heaven marry any many

音标对比： [ i ] [ e ]

sit set

lift left

did dead

[æ]

发音组合: a

代表单词: cap map bad mad bank thank lamp

音标对比: [e] [æ]

beg bag

met mat

bed bad

中元音：[ə:] [ə]

[ə: ]

发音组合：or ir er ur ear

代表单词：work worker worm bird dirt affirm term burn surf pearl learn

[ə ]

1

发音组合：a er or

代表单词：appear arise again alike a man a pen

teacher mother brother driver anger

doctor actor tutor famous jealous

音标对比：[ə: ]

[ə ]

earth arrive

work tutor

后元音: [a:] [ʌ] [u:] [u] [ɔ:] [ɔ]

[a:]

发音组合：ar ear al

代表单词：far dark hart farm garden bar star heart half

[ʌ]

发音组合：u o

代表单词：up cut but bus luck butter monk onion

音标对比：[a:] [ʌ]

fast fun

hart but

card cut

[u:]

音标特征：后元音 高音 圆唇 长元音

发音组合：oo o ou u

代表单词：food fool boom cool hoop pool shoot tomb group blue clue rule truth conclude

[u]

发音组合：oo u ou

代表单词：foot good cook hook took pull full bull should

音标对比: [u:] [u]

foot food

boot book

cool could

roof room

moon wood

2

[ɔ:]

发音组合：a oo aw ou ore au or ar

代表单词：talk ball hall call door floor law saw bought fought thought

before ignore caught naughty nautical force born sort warn

[ɔ]

发音组合：o

代表单词：ox on not cop rot hot lot

音标对比：[ɔ:] [ɔ]

sort dog

tort nod

short shop

合口双元音为: [ei] [ai] [ɔɪ] [au] [əu]

[ei]

发音组合：ei a ai ay

代表单词：eight cake fate naked snake lake make name paid main day

音标对比：[æ] [ei] [ e ]

at eight bed

bat bade set

lab late pen

sand same hen

[ai]

发音组合：y i uy

代表单词：cry dry my kite high bike tight fine time buy guy

音标对比：[ æ ] [ai]

bat bite

back bike

dam climb

lamp line

sack sign

[ɔɪ]

发音组合：oy oi

代表单词：toy boy loyal noise voice point soil coin oil

3

may

音标对比：[ɔɪ ] [ɔ]

boy boss

toy top

spoil stop

[au]

发音组合：ou ow

代表单词：house sound out noun bow town now tower

音标对比：[au] [ai]

now night

cow kite

sound side

[əu]

发音组合：o ow oa

代表单词：host nose tone hole note coke cope bowl know low

音标对比：[au] [əu]

how hole

loud load

集中双元音为：[iə] [ɛə] [uə]

[iə]

发音组合：eer ear ere

代表单词：beer deer hear near fear here

音标对比：[iə] [il]

here hill

fear feel

dear deal

[ɛə]

发音组合：air ear are ere

代表单词：hair fair air chair bear swear dare hare there

音标对比：[ɛə] [aiə]

hair hire

fare fire

spare spire

[uə]

发音组合：oor ure our

4

own boat coat

代表单词：poor lure sure tour

音标对比：[uə] [əu]

poor post

sure sold

lure load

二、辅音

爆破音: [ p ] [ b ] [ t ] [ d ] [ k ] [ g ]

[ p ]

发音组合：p

代表单词：pay pipe put pie peach sport speed spend

[ b ]

发音组合：b

代表单词：bird bed bag big buy bake bill bear book

音标对比：[ p ] [ b ]

put book

pen bed

pet bet

pull

ball

[ t ]

发音组合：t

代表单词：tea teacher team tare tank taught tip it meet cat thought

tent boat

student

stand stick

[ d ]

发音组合：d

代表单词：do did does deer date dig doom need bed climbed

音标对比：[ t ] [ d ]

tea deed

team deep

neat need

bet

bed

[ k ]

发音组合：c k ck

代表单词：cake car can cat come kite sky keep pick back

5

fate

[ g ]

发音组合：g

代表单词：geese go gap get big bag beg

音标对比：[ k ] [ g ]

keep get

kid gain

cake beg

pick pig

bake big

摩擦音: [ f ] [ v ] [θ] [ð] [ʃ][3] [ s ] [ z ] [ h ] [ r ]

[ f ]

发音组合：f ph

代表单词：five first life fine fat fail fair fall farm telephone phonetics photo

[ v ]

发音组合：v

代表单词：vote vine vat vail very vase leave five

音标对比：[ f ] [ v ]

life live

five vote

physics visit

[θ]

发音组合：th

代表单词：think teeth thick theme thank thought both tooth truth fifth mouth

cloth faith breath

[ð]

发音组合：th

代表单词：this that these those then than though

音标对比：[θ] [ð]

thick this

theme than

teeth they

death these

[ʃ]

发音组合：sh s ss ch

6

代表单词：ship fish sheet sheep dish sure ensure assure machine

音标对比：[ʃ] [

f ]

sure four

ship fish

she fee

[ʒ]

发音组合：s

代表单词：pleasure usual leisure measure

音标对比：[3]

[ʃ]

sure treasure

machine measure

finish revision

[ s ]

发音组合：s c

代表单词：seem set seek say see books mouse cups face ice race price

音标对比：[θ] [s]

theme seem

think sink

path pass

[ z ]

发音组合：z s

代表单词：zoo prize zeal raise knees eyes

音标对比：[  ] [ z ] [ s ]

this zip books

those zoo seem

with his advice

[ h ]

发音组合：h wh

代表单词：hot home house horse hate high whole who whose whom

[ r ]

发音组合：r wr

代表单词：race red rice rain right road free fry pray wrong write

破擦音: [tʃ][dʒ] [tr][dr] [ts][dz]

7

[tʃ]

发音组合：ch

代表单词：cheap child chest choke check catch watch

音标对比：

[

tʃ] [ʃ]

cheap ship

chose shoes

catch cash

[dʒ]

发音组合：j g dg

代表单词：jeep joke jew juice gin change judge

音标对比：

[tʃ]

[dʒ]

charge judge

choice join

match page

[tr]

发音组合：tr

代表单词：tree treat trip train tram

[dr]

发音组合: dr

代表单词: dream drag draw drink children

音标对比: [ tr ] [ dr ]

tree dream

try dry

treat dream

[ ts ]

发音组合：ts

代表单词：sits seats mates peasants parents

音标对比: [ ts ] [ s ]

gets guess

lets less

lots loss

plants class

8

[ dz ]

发音组合：ds

代表单词：needs seeds spends

音标对比：[ts] [ dz ] [ z ] [ dz ]

bets beds boys boards

seats seeds gloves grounds

nets needs stares stands

鼻辅音: [ m ] [ n ] [ ŋ ]

[ m ]

发音组合：m

代表单词：some come dime mother map moon

[ n ]

发音组合：n

代表单词：noon nose note not no nothing moon soon son gun thin run

[ŋ]

发音组合：ng n

代表单词：sing song singer king thing ink sink thank tank

音标对比： [ m ] [ n ]

home stone

theme thin

ment net

舌边音: [ l ]

发音组合: l

代表单词：清晰音[ l ] let lad late laid leap lap

代表单词：含糊音[ l ] deal tell belt sale table

半元音: [ w ] [ j ]

[ w ]

发音组合：w wh

代表单词：wait west way wet will wide wheel what why when where while

9

音标对比：[ w ] [ v ]

wet vet

winter invention

world voice

women visit

[ j ]

发音组合：y

代表单词：year yes yet yard young you

音标对比：[ i: ] [ j ]

eat yet

east yes

eager yard

英语音标发音表

英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。

[i:] [ə:]

单元音

[e] [u:] [ɔ:] [a:]

[ʌ]

元音

双元音

[i] [ə] [æ] [u] [ɔ]

[ei] [ai] [ɔi] [əu] [au] [iə]

[εə] [uə]

清辅音

浊辅音

清辅音

[k]

[g]

[p]

[b]

[θ]

[ð]

[m]

[w]

[t]

[d]

[h]

[f] [s] [ʃ]

[v] [z] [ʒ]

辅音

浊辅音

浊辅音

浊辅音

[tʃ] [tr] [ts]

[r] [dʒ] [dr] [dz]

[n]

[j]

[ŋ]

[l]

10