2023年6月29日发(作者：)

Python标准库3.4.3-webbrowser-21.121.1.

webbrowser — Convenient Web-browser controllerSource code: Lib/ 翻译：

webbrowser module provides a high-level interface to allow displaying Web-based documents to users. Under most circumstances, simply calling the

open() function from thismodule will do the right thing. webbrowser模块提供⼀个⾼阶的接⼝来为⽤户显⽰基于web的⽂档，在⼤多数情况下，简单的调⽤open()函数就可以正常的⼯作。

Under Unix, graphical browsers are preferred under X11, but text-mode browsers will be used if graphical browsers are not available or an X11 display isn’t available. If text-mode browsers are used, the calling process will block until the user exits the browser. 在Unix环境中，图形化的浏览器有更⾼的优先级在X11环境中，如果图形化的浏览器不可⽤，或者X11图形显⽰不可⽤，则使⽤⽂本模式的浏览器。如果使⽤⽂本模式的浏览器，则调⽤进程是阻塞的，直到⽤户退出。

If the environment variable

BROWSER exists, it is interpreted as the

p-separated list of browsers to try ahead of the the platform defaults. When the value of a list partcontains the string

%s, then it is interpreted as a literal browser command line to be used with the argument URL substituted for

%s; if the part does not contain

%s, it is simplyinterpreted as the name of the browser to launch. [1]如果有环境变量 BROWSER，它被解释为p分割的浏览器列表，并处于系统默认值之前，当列表的值之中含有字符串%s时，它将被解释为⼀个字⾯的浏览器命令，并使⽤url参数代替%s,如果不包含%s,则简单的解释为要使⽤的浏览器的名字。

For non-Unix platforms, or when a remote browser is available on Unix, the controlling process will not wait for the user to finish with the browser, but allow the remote browserto maintain its own windows on the display. If remote browsers are not available on Unix, the controlling process will launch a new browser and wait。对于⾮Unix平台，或者⼀个UNIX下可⽤的远程浏览器 ，管理进程将不等待⽤户的浏览器结束，但是允许远程的浏览器保持她⾃⼰的窗⼝显⽰。如果远程浏览器在Unix系统不可⽤，管理进程将载⼊⼀个新的浏览器并等待。

The script webbrowser can be used as a command-line interface for the module. It accepts an URL as the argument. It accepts the following optional parameters:

-n opens theURL in a new browser window, if possible;

-t opens the URL in a new browser page (“tab”). The options are, naturally, mutually exclusive. Usage example:webbrowser可以作为该模块⼀个命令⾏接⼝来使⽤，它接受⼀个URL作为参数，-n 在⼀个新窗⼝中打开url,如果有可能，-t将在⼀个新的标签页打开该url,2个选项是互斥的。 例如： python -m webbrowser -t "" The following exception is defined: exception Exception raised when a browser control error following functions are defined: (url, new=0, autoraise=True) Display url using the default browser. If new is 0, the url is opened in the same browserwindow if possible. If new is 1, a new browser window is opened if possible. If new is 2, a new browser page (“tab”) is opened if possible. If autoraise is True, the window israised if possible (note that under many window managers this will occur regardless of the setting of this variable).使⽤默认的浏览器显⽰这个URL,如果参数new是0，url将在同⼀个浏览器窗⼝中被打开，如果new是1，将打开⼀个新的浏览器窗⼝来加载该url,如果new是2，则在⼀个新的标签页中打开。 如果autoraise被设置为true,则窗⼝将被⾃动激活。（请注意：有许多窗⼝管理器将直接忽略该变量的设置） Note that on some platforms, trying to open a filename using this function, may work and start the operatingsystem’s associated program. However, this is neither supported nor portable.在⼀些平台下，如果试图通过该函数来打开⼀个⽂件名，将启动操作系统默认的程序来打开。 但是，这种⽅法是不被⽀持和不易于移植的。 _new(url) Open url in a new window of the default browser, if possible, otherwise, open url in the only browserwindow.新开⼀个默认浏览器窗⼝，打开ur，l否则，仅仅是在⼀个浏览器窗⼝中打开url. _new_tab(url) Open url in a new page (“tab”) of the default browser, ifpossible, otherwise equivalent to open_new(). (using=None) Return a controller object for the browser type using. If using is None, return a controller for adefault browser appropriate to the caller’s environment.返回⼀个特定浏览器类型的控制对象。如果使⽤None, 返回⼀个合乎调⽤者环境的默认的浏览器对象。er(name, constructor, instance=None) Register the browser type name. Once a browser type is registered, the get() function can return a controller for thatbrowser type. If instance is not provided, or is None, constructor will be called without parameters to create an instance when needed. If instance is provided, constructor willnever be called, and may be None.注册浏览器类型名。当⼀个浏览器类型被注册， get()函数将返回⼀个该浏览器类型的控制器。如果instance参数没有被提供，或者是None,constructor将在需要的时候被⽆参数调⽤来创建⼀个实例。如果instance被提供了，则constructor将永不会被调⽤，或者被设置为None。 This entry point is only useful ifyou plan to either set the BROWSER variable or call get() with a nonempty argument matching the name of a handler you declare.这个⼊⼝函数仅仅在你设置 BROWSER 变量或者⽤⾮空的你⾃⼰声明的处理函数做参数，调⽤ get()时有⽤。 A number of browser types are predefined. This table gives the type names that may be passed to the get()function and the corresponding instantiations for the controller classes, all defined in this module.若⼲浏览器类型已经被预先定义。下⾯这个表给出了可以传递给 get()函数的类型名字和相应实例的类名。所有的这些，都在此模块中定义过了。 Type Name Class Name Notes 'mozilla' Mozilla('mozilla') 'firefox' Mozilla('mozilla') 'netscape'Mozilla('netscape') 'galeon' Galeon('galeon') 'epiphany' Galeon('epiphany') 'skipstone' BackgroundBrowser('skipstone') 'kfmclient' Konqueror() (1) 'konqueror' Konqueror()(1) 'kfm' Konqueror() (1) 'mosaic' BackgroundBrowser('mosaic') 'opera' Opera() 'grail' Grail() 'links' GenericBrowser('links') 'elinks' Elinks('elinks') 'lynx'GenericBrowser('lynx') 'w3m' GenericBrowser('w3m') 'windows-default' WindowsDefault (2) 'macosx' MacOSX('default') (3) 'safari' MacOSX('safari') (3) 'google-chrome'Chrome('google-chrome') 'chrome' Chrome('chrome') 'chromium' Chromium('chromium') 'chromium-browser' Chromium('chromium-browser') Notes: “Konqueror” is the filemanager for the KDE desktop environment for Unix, and only makes sense to use if KDE is running. Some way of reliably detecting KDE would be nice; the KDEDIR variable isnot sufficient. Note also that the name “kfm” is used even when using the konqueror command with KDE 2 — the implementation selects the best strategy for running on Windows platforms. Only on Mac OS X platform. New in version 3.3: Support for Chrome/Chromium has been added. Here are some simple examples:url = '/'# Open URL in a new tab, if a browser window is already _new_tab(url)# Open URL in new window, raising the window if _21.1.1. Browser Controller Objects Browser controllers provide these methods which parallel three of the module-level convenience functions: (url, new=0,autoraise=True) Display url using the browser handled by this controller. If new is 1, a new browser window is opened if possible. If new is 2, a new browser page (“tab”) isopened if possible. _new(url) Open url in a new window of the browser handled by this controller, if possible, otherwise, open url in the only browser open_new(). _new_tab(url) Open url in a new page (“tab”) of the browser handled by this controller, if possible, otherwise equivalent to open_new().Footnotes Executables named here without a full path will be searched in the directories given in the PATH environment variable.