2024年3月10日发(作者：)

英汉翻译教程自考题-19

(总分100,考试时间90分钟)

Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the one that is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expression.

1. Miners opened up the country, **munities, and laid foundations for more permanent

settlements.______A.采矿者开发了这个国家，建立了村镇，打下了长期居住的基础。 B.采

矿者开发了这个国家，建立了村镇，并为长期居住打下了基础。 C.采矿者开发了这些地区，

建立了村镇，打下了长期居住的基础。 D.采矿者开发了这些地区，建立了村镇，并为长期

居住打下了基础。

2. Cattle raising, long an important industry in Texas, became even more flourishing after the war,

when enterprising men began to drive their Texas longhorns north across the open public

domain.______A.养牛，得克萨斯州长期以来的重要行业，在战后尤见繁荣，那时大胆的赶

牛人赶着得州的长角牛穿过了开放的公共地带, 向北走去。 B.在得克萨斯州，养牛是长期

以来的重要行业，在战后尤见繁荣，那时大胆的养牛人赶着得州的长角牛, 穿过了开放的公

共地带向北走去。 C.在得克萨斯州，养牛早就是重要行业，在战后尤见繁荣，大胆的赶牛

人赶着得州的长角牛, 穿过了开放的公共地带, 向北走去。 D.在得克萨斯州，养牛早就是

重要行业，在战后，大胆的赶牛人赶着得州的长角牛穿过了开放的公共地带向北走去, 养牛

业更为繁荣。

3. Under the Homestead Act they staked their claims and fenced them with barbed wire.______A.

在《定居法案》下，他们为自己的权利圈定了范围，并用铁蒺藜围起来。 B.在《定居法案》

下，他们圈定了所得的土地，并用带钩的铁丝保护了起来。 C.根据《定居法案》他们为自

己的权利圈定了范围，并用带钩的铁丝保护了起来。 D.根据《定居法案》他们圈定了所得

的土地，并用铁蒺藜围了起来。

4. Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation's basic occupation.______A.

尽管工业方面的巨大进步，农业始终是国家的基本行业。 B.尽管工业方面取得了很大进步，

但农业始终是国家的基本行业。 C.尽管工业方面的巨大进步，农业仍保持着国家基本行业

地位。 D.尽管工业方面取得了很大进步，但农业仍保持着国家基本行业地位。

5. Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science.______A.在

农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。 B.在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。 C.在农业革命

中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。 D.在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。

6. Have you fed yet?______A.你喂养过了吗? B.你喂过羊了吗? C.你喂过猪了吗? D.你吃

过饭了吗?

7. True friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.______A.真正

的友谊就像健康一样，它的价值很少有人知道，直到失去以后。 B.真正的友谊就像健康一

样，它的价值直到失去后才被少数人知道。 C.真正的友谊就像健康一样，价值要到失去后

才能体验到。 D.真正的友谊就像健康一样，失去了才觉得宝贵。

8. 超导的研究是个重大的突破。我们认为，该项研究成果是成功的和令人鼓舞的，日本东

京大学高木俊宜教授认为是成功的和令人鼓舞的；美国普林斯顿大学摩根索教授也认为这项

成功的研究是令人鼓舞的。______A. The research on superconductivity is an important

breakthrough. We are of the opinion that this research achievement is successful and encourage.

Professor Tashinori Takagi from Tokyo University thinks so. And so does Professor Morgenhau of

Princeton University. B. The research on superconductivity is an important breakthrough. We

hold the opinion that this research achievement is successful and encouraging. Professor Tashinori

Takagi from Tokyo University thinks that it is successful and encouraging. And Professor

Morgenhau of Princeton University also thinks that it is successful and encourage. C. The

research on superconductivity is an important breakthrough and we think this result is successful

and encouraging. Our opinion is shared by Professor Tashinori Takagi from Tokyo University and

Professor Morgenhau of Princeton University, U.S.A. D. He research on superconductivity is an

important breakthrough. We are of the opinion that this research achievement is successful and

encouraging. Professor Tashinori Takagi from Tokyo University and Professor Morgenhau of

Princeton University, both think it is successful and encouraging.

9. Very few will doubt that it is science which has at once quickened the demand for general

education in modern times and the education itself effective.______A.很少有人将怀疑：是科学

已经立即加快了对现代普及教育的要求，而且教育本身要有效。 B.现在几乎没人会怀疑：

科学不仅要求当今时代的教育普及必须加快步伐，而且要求教育本身也应提高效率。 C.绝

大多数人将会意识到：由于科学高速发展，当今时代的教育普及必须加快步伐，而且要求教

育本身也提出了增效要求。 D.很少有人会怀疑：科学已经加快了对现代普及教育的要求，

而且对教育本身也提出了增效要求。

10. 当时以反对旧道德提倡新道德、反对旧文学提倡新文学为文化革命的两大旗帜，立下了

伟大的功劳。______A. Holding high the two big flags at that time, "Down with the old ethics and

up with the new!" and "Down with the old literature and up with the new!", and had made a great

contribution. B. The two great banners of the cultural revolution, "Down with the old ethics and

up with the new!" and "Down with the old literature and up with the new!" are held aloft and great

contributions were made. C. Rising aloft the two great banners of the day, "Down with the old

ethics and up with the new!" and "Down with the old literature and up with the new!", the cultural

revolution had great achievements to its credit. D. Holding high the two big flags at that time for

the cultural revolution, "Against the old ethics and for the new!" and "Against the old literature

and for the new!", great achievements were made.

11. 五四运动时期虽然还没有中国共产党，但是已经有了大批的赞成俄国革命的具有初步共

产主义思想的知识分子。______A. Although the Communist Party of China had not **e into

existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian

Revolution and had the basis of communist ideology. B. Although the Communist Party of China

had not **e into existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the

Russian Revolution and had the preliminary knowledge of communist ideology. C. Although the

Communist Party of China had not **e into existence, there were already large numbers of

intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist

ideology. D. Although the Communist Party of China had not **e into existence, there were

already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the

primary knowledge of communist ideology.

12. 发展到六三运动时，就不单是知识分子，而且有广大的无产阶级、小资产阶级和资产阶

级参加，成了全国范围的革命运动了。______A. As soon as it developed into the June 3rd

Movement, not only the intellectuals but the mass of the proletariat, the petty bourgeoisie and the

bourgeoisie joined in, and it became a nation-wide revolutionary movement. B. It became a

nationwide revolutionarymovement until the time of the June 3rd Movement with not only

intellectuals hut the proletariat, the petty bourgeoisie, and the bourgeoisie joining in. C. As it

developed into the June 3rd Movement, the intellectuals as well as the mass of the proletariat, the

petty bourgeoisie and the bourgeoisie joined in make it a nation wide revolutionary movement. D.

The proletariat together with the petty bourgeoisie, and the bourgeoisie, at the time of the June 3rd

Movement, joined in the nation wide revolutionary movement.

13. 他们高呼“外争国权，内惩国贼”、“废除二十一条”等口号，举行示威游行。______A. They

held a demonstration, shouting such slogans as "Defend our sovereignty, punish the traitors!",

"Abolishing the Twenty-one demands!". B. Holding a demonstration, they shouted such slogans

as "Defend our sovereignty, punish the traitors!", "Abolishing the Twenty-one demands!" C.

They held a demonstration and they shouted such slogans as "Defend our sovereignty, punish the

traitors!", "Abolishing the Twenty-one demands!". D. They shouted such slogans as "Defend our

sovereignty, punish the traitors!", "Abolishing the Twenty-one demands!", and held a

demonstration.

14. 他们要求惩办卖国贼曹汝霖、陆宗舆、章宗祥，并火烧了曹宅，痛打了章宗祥。______A.

They called for punishment to be meted out to the traitors Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang

Zongxiang. They set fire to Cao's residence. They beat up Zhang. B. Calling for punishment to be

meted out to the traitors Cao Rulin, La Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang's and setting fire to Cao's

residence, they beat up Zhang. C. They called for punishment to be meted out to the traitors Cao

Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang, set fire to Cao's residence and beat up Zhang. D. They

called for punishment to be meted out to the traitors Cao Rulin, Lu Zongyu and Zhang Zongxiang.

They set fire to Cao's residence and beat up Zhang.

15. 上海、唐山、长辛店等地工人纷纷罢工示威。______A. Large numbers of workers in

Shanghai, Tangshan and elsewhere went on strike and held demonstrations. B. Workers in

Shanghai, Tangshan and elsewhere went on strike and held demonstrations one after another. C.

Workers in Shanghai, Tangshan and elsewhere went on strike and held demonstrations in

succession. D. Large numbers of workers in Shanghai, Tangshan and elsewhere went on strike,

holding demonstrations.

16. 这支歌唱遍了神州大地，唱过了50年悠悠岁月，余音袅袅，一曲难忘。______A. This song

has been singing all over China for 50 long years. The melody still lingers in the air. B. This song

has been sung all over China for 50 long years. The melody still lingers in the air. C. This song

has been singing all over China for 50 long years, the voice of which cannot yet be forgotten. D.

This song has been sung all over China for 50 long years, the voice of which cannot yet be

forgotten.

17. At present people have a tendency to choose the safety of the middle-ground reply.______A.

现在，人们往往采取安全回答问题的态度，这样比较不偏不倚。 B.现在，人们有一种倾向，

即选择不偏不倚地回答问题的安全方法。 C.现在，人们往往采取不偏不倚的态度来回答问

题，这样比较安全。 D.现在，人们有一种安全的选择倾向，即不偏不倚地回答问题。

Ⅱ.Word and Phrase Translation

A.

Directions: Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese.

1. stock-raising

2. Homestead Act

3. the gold rush

4. the Great Lakes

5. the May 4th Movement

6. left wing

7. communist ideology

8. the Paris Peace Conference

9. to go on strike

10. to hold a demonstration

11. defend our sovereignty, punish the traitors

12. exclusive right

B.

Directions: Translate the following words and phrases into English.

1. 山区

2. 高原

3. 教育机构

4. 科学研究中心

5. 第一次世界大战

6. 民族危机

7. 废除二十一条