2024年2月13日发(作者：)

听力第一篇

Directions： In this section, you'll hear a passage three times. When the passage is read

for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is

read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you

have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check

what you have written.

In a world as fast-changing and full of information as our own, every one of us needs to know

how to learn well. Yet evidence suggests that most of us don’t use the learning techniques

that science has proved most effective. Worse, research finds that learning strategies we do

commonly employ, like rereading and highlighting (突出标示), are among the least effective.

Although highlighting and underlining are common practices, studies show they offer no

benefit beyond simply reading the text. Some research even indicates that highlighting can

get in the way of learning; because it draws attention to individual facts, it may interfere with

the process of making connections and drawing inferences (推断). Nearly as bad is the

practice of rereading, a common exercise that is much less effective than some of the better

techniques you can use. Lastly, summarizing, or writing down the main points contained in a

text, can be useful for those who are skilled at it, but it is also rated as being of low utility as

there are far better ways to spend your study time.

In contrast to familiar practices like highlighting and rereading, the learning techniques with

the most evidence to support them aren’t well known outside the laboratory. Take distributed

practice, for example. This technique involves spreading out your study time, rather than

engaging in one marathon (马拉松). Rote (死记硬背) at the last minute may allow you to get

through that test or meeting, but the material will quickly disappear from memory. It’s much

more effective to dip into the material at intervals over time.

听力第二篇

Directions： In this section, you'll hear a passage three times. When the passage is read

for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is

read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you

have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check

what you have written.

People have always been interested in the lives of the wealthy and famous, but in recent years

that interest has developed into widespread obsession (沉迷). Is this a good thing? It’s

definitely not a good thing when the celebrity concerned is doing nothing but set a bad

example.

Celebrities and those in the public eye have a responsibility which few appear to acknowledge.

Their behavior, the way they dress, the way they conduct themselves when out on the town,

the cars they drive and the places they go on holiday are all seen by fans and followers as

goals worth pursuing. It’s therefore not surprising that so many young people routinely use

illegal substances, drink too much, are preoccupied with their appearances and care so little

for the environment.

I’m reminded that celebrities are people too. They are subject to the temptations, the anxieties

and mental strain that everyone has to bear. But I think that it is high time that celebrities

woke up to their responsibilities. If they want to be applauded for their work they must assume

responsibility for the role model that they provide.

Many celebrities are guilty of setting bad examples at one time or another. When will these

people become aware of the fact that whatever they do will be copied by countless hundreds,

thousands, even millions of people?

While most people are sensible enough not to be overly influenced by such stories there are

plenty who will hear these tales and see them as a green light. They’ll believe that it is perfectly

OK to drive an environment killing car at breakneck speed on public roads because some

thoughtless, selfish celebrity has bragged (吹嘘) about doing it.

听力第三篇

Directions： In this section, you'll hear a passage three times. When the passage is read

for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is

read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you

have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check

what you have written.

Every child has a social identity, which is how we perceive our various roles in society in

relation to others. Whether it is through social position, culture, interests, achievements, or

beliefs, children derive from their social identities a sense of pride, self-worth, and consistency.

So, when it is rapidly changed, threatened, or questioned, it is no wonder that a child may

become vulnerable (易受伤害的) to depression.

Not all children who undergo changes of their social identities will experience depression.

Instead, it is thought that those who identify with a limited number of social roles are more

at risk of developing depression when a role is lost. This is not to say that a child cannot

develop a new social identity, but it simply highlights the importance of how a child views

himself in relation to the world around him.

In order to have a social identity, we need people around us to confirm or deny. The people

around us also influence our social identities and the way we feel about ourselves. If a child is

very shy and withdrawn, it is likely that other children will pick up on her social cues and leave

her alone, thus confirming him social identity as shy and withdrawn. In turn, she may lack

satisfaction in her social role, feel lonely, or become frustrated trying to break free from that

identity.

As a parent, you can support your child’s social roles by acknowledging what and who is

important to her. Try not to put too much emphasis on any one single social role. Instead,

encourage him to try new and different things, and remind him of the other important roles

that she plays in life.

听力第四篇

Directions： In this section, you'll hear a passage three times. When the passage is read

for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is

read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you

have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check

what you have written.

Along with the e-age, every field makes use of the e-technology for their own purposes.

Hundreds of universities across the country are turning to email’s overactive younger brother

– text messaging – to bridge the digital divide between administration and students. 90

percent of students carry cell phones and 70 percent use Short Message Service (SMS)

technology, more commonly known as text messaging, on a regular basis, according to online

statistics. Most university chief information officers agree that it makes sense to send urgent

alerts to devices that students have with them all the time. And in addition to having a far

reach with college kids, text messages are delivered fast; unlike email, thousands of messages

can be transmitted within a few minutes.

But this hailed technology is not without problems. Getting students enrolled in a voluntary

(自愿的) program is never easy. Students say that they’re reluctant to share their cell phone

number with their institution for fear of receiving junk mail. Also, without unlimited message

plans, messages can cost a cell phone owner 10-15 cents each, which hinders the program.

Besides, students might also withdraw from the program or, if they get a new number, may

not update their number in the school’s system.

Meanwhile, technology has its share of problems – like the fact that messages are limited to

160 characters. A shorthand alert, brief instructions, and perhaps an indication to check the

school’s website for more details is all that a text message can afford. Despite limitations,

three text message alert companies formed in 2005 and are leading today’s higher education

SMS market.

听力第五篇

Directions： In this section, you'll hear a passage three times. When the passage is read

for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is

read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you

have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check

what you have written.

People are shocked to learn that another economic crisis hit the world. When the financial

markets fall, companies of all sizes announce plans to reduce their workforce, and job-seekers

tend to get a bit worried about the job search they may face. It almost goes without saying

that job-hunting in a boom economy is much easier than job-hunting in a slumping (暴跌)

economy.

What’s the most important aspect of job-hunting? Not resume building nor interviewing

skills ... but networking. Networking is the perfect way to meet the professionals in your field

who can offer you new perspectives on your industry and assist you in seeking new job

opportunities. If you use your network properly, you will hear of multiple job opportunities,

often before they are even listed.

Some job-seekers shy away from networking because they think networking is equal to taking

advantage of people, but if done correctly, networking can be a rewarding experience for all

parties involved. Networking is not asking everyone you know for a job. Networking means

developing a broad list of contacts and using them to your advantage when you look for a

job. People in your network could be your family, friends, and people you’ve met through

social and business situations. They may be able to give you job leads, offer you advice and

information about a particular company or industry, and introduce you to others so that you

can expand your network. When you have a network of professional contacts with whom you

interact on a regular basis, your employment opportunities will grow greatly.

听力第六篇

Directions： In this section, you'll hear a passage three times. When the passage is read

for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is

read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you

have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check

what you have written.

Domestic (家庭) violence and abuse can happen to anyone, yet the problem is often

neglected, excused, or denied. This is especially true when the abuse is emotional, rather than

physical. Noticing and acknowledging the signs of an abusive (虐待的) relationship is the first

step to ending it.

Domestic abuse occurs when one person in an intimate relationship or marriage tries to gain

total control over the other person. Domestic violence and abuse does not discriminate. It

occurs within all age ranges, ethnic (民族的) backgrounds, and economic levels. And while

women are more common victims, men are also abused—especially verbally and emotionally,

although sometimes even physically as well.

When people talk about domestic violence, they are often referring to physical abuse, which

is the use of physical force against someone in a way that injures that person. Physical abuse

is a crime, and the police have the power and authority to protect you from physical attack.

But not all abusive relationships involve violence. Many men and women suffer from

emotional abuse, which is no less destructive, but often neglected—even by the person being

abused.

Emotional abuse includes verbal abuse such as yelling, name-calling, blaming, and shaming.

Isolation, intimidation, and controlling behavior also fall under emotional abuse. Additionally,

abusers who use emotional or psychological abuse often throw in threats of physical violence

if you don’t do what they want.

You may think that physical abuse is far worse than emotional abuse, since physical violence

can send you to the hospital and leave you with scars. But emotional abuse can be just as

damaging as physical abuse—sometimes even more so because the scars of emotional abuse

are real and run deep.