2024年4月28日发(作者：中关村zol官网)

Unit 5

Reading

New words

1. proper adj. 符合习俗的；正确的 2. greet vt. 问候，打招呼

3. shake sb.’s hand 与某人握手 4. kiss n. 亲吻

5. close adj. 亲密的；严密的 6. conversation n. （非正式）交谈，谈

话

7. avoid vt. 避免 8. subject n. 话题；主题

9. behave vt.&vi. 表现 10. public n. 民众，群体

11. in public 公开地，在别人面前 12. push vi.&vt. 推，挤

13. push in<英>插队，加塞=<美> cut in 14. bump vi.&vt. 撞，碰

15. in one’s way 挡住某人的路 16. touch vt. 触摸，碰

17. excuse vt. 原谅，宽恕 18. excuse me 劳驾

19. till cong. 到……时，直到……为止 20. as well(as) 也，还有

21. loudly adv. 大声地 22. as conj. 正如，如同

23. saying n. 谚语，格言 24. Roman n. 罗马人

25. by accident 偶然，意外地

Phrases

1. 随处扔垃圾 drop litter everywhere

2. 打断他人 cut in on others

3. 在图书馆保持安静 keep quiet in the library

4. 在公园摘花 pick flowers in the park

5. 遵守交通规则 obey traffic rules

6. 排队等候你的顺序 queue for your turn

7. （你）活到老学到老。 You’re never too old to learn.

8. 你现在年龄已大到学习有关礼仪方面的知识了。

You’re old enough to learn about manners now.

9. 你不应该任水龙头流水。

You shouldn’t leave the tap running.

10. 恐怕不是。 I’m afraid not.

11. 入乡随俗。 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

12. 问候那的人们的正确方式 the proper way to greet people

13. 第一次见到你 meet you for the first time

14. 以亲吻的方式跟人打招呼 greet people with a kiss

15. 在公共场合举止文明 behave politely in public

16. 撞到某人 bump into someone

17. 一直 all the time

18. 保持低声调 keep your voice down

19. 正如那句谚语所说 just as the saying goes

Language points

1. What’s the proper way to greet people there, Jenny?

proper adj. 符合习俗的；正确的

e.g. She is always proper in her behaviour. 她的行为总是符合习俗。

2. British people say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they

meet you for the first time.

shake one’s hand 与某人握手，相当于shake hands with sb。

e.g. Chinese people usually shake your hand to express their friendliness.

中国人通常用握手来表达友好。

You should shake Tony’s hand.=You should shake hands with Tony.

3. Do they greet people with a kiss?

(1) greet vt. 问候；打招呼，相当于say hello to sb.。

greet 以……方式跟人打招呼

greet sb with a nod意为“以点头招呼某人”。

greeting 可数名词，意为“问候，致意，祝贺”。

e.g. She greeted us with a smile. 她微笑着跟我们打了个招呼。

(2) kiss n. 亲吻 give sb a kiss 意为“吻某人一下；给某人一个亲吻”。kiss 还可作

为及物动词，意为“吻，亲吻”。

e.g. The mother gave her son a kiss and left.

He kissed his wife.

4. British people only greet relatives or close friends with a kiss .

close 此处为形容词，意为“亲密的；严密的”，表示关系或情感上的“亲近”，可

作定语或表语。close to “与.....关系密切”。

e.g. I’m close to my English teacher.

close to 还有“离.....近”之意。

e.g. The factory is close to the school.

close还可作及物动词，意为“关闭”。

e.g. Please close the window.

5. But please avoid subjects like age, weight or money.

avoid vt. 避免 后面直接跟宾语。

avoid 后常跟v.-ing形式，构成avoid doing sth. 结构，意为“避免做某事”。

e.g. You should avoid eating such unhealthy food.

你应避免吃这些不健康的食品。

We must do our homework carefully to avoid mistakes.

我们必须认真做作业避免错误。

Mr Wang tried to avoid making his manager angry.

王先生设法避免让他的经理生气。

6. Do people there behave politely in public?

(1) behave v. 表现

e.g. I do not think it’s proper for you to behave so.

我认为您这样的举止不合体统。

(2) public 集合名词，意为“民众，大众”。in public意为“公开地，当众”。还可作

形容词，意为“公共的，公开的”

e.g. I don’t like to make a speech in public.

a public library 公共图书馆 a public place 公共场所

7. They think it’s rude to push in before others.

(1) It is+adj.+(for sb)+to do sth.

（对某人来说）做某事……

句型中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的to do sth。

e.g. It is impolite to ask British people how old they are.

问英国人多大年龄是不礼貌的。

(2) push v. 推，挤

和push相对应的词是pull，可意为“拉，拖，拔”。

e.g. Don’t push the door. Pull it, please.

不要推门。请拉开。

push in 插队，加塞

美国人常用“cut in”

8. Also, if they bump into someone in the street, they’ll say “sorry”.

bump 此处为不及物动词，意为“碰，撞”，常与介词against，into连用bump into

意为“撞上，偶然碰见”。bump还可作可数名词，意为“碰，撞击；（因碰撞而引

起的）肿块”。

e.g. The car bumped into a tree.

He bumped against the door.

Just now I bumped into our English teacher.

We heard a bump in the next room.

9. If you’re in their way, they won’t touch you or push past you.

(1) in one’s way 挡住某人的路

e.g. I couldn’t walk very fast because a lot of people got in my way.

我不能走的很快，因为很多人挡了我的路。

on one’s way (to) 意为“在去.....的路上”。

in the way意为“妨碍，挡道”。

(2) touch vt. 触摸，碰

e.g. You can’t touch that thing. 你不能碰那个东西。

Don’t touch the things in the museum.

He touched a hot pot and burnt himself.

10. They’ll say “excuse me” and be polite enough to wait till you move.

(1) excuse me既可以作名词，也可以作动词。

作名词时，可意为“借口”；作动词时，可意为“原谅”。

e.g. Mary explained why she was late, but we didn’t accept her excuse.

玛丽解释了为什么他迟到了，但是我们没有接受她的借口。

Please excuse him for arriving late.

请原谅他来晚了。

(2) till 此处用做连词，意为“到......时，直到....为止”。用于肯定句，主句中用延

续性动词，指动作或状态持续到till表示的时间为止，意为“直到.....为止”。用于

否定句时，主句中的动词一般是非延续性的，它表示的动作直到till所表示的时

间才发生，意为“直到.....（才）”。

e.g. She waited here till you came back.

Don’t go away till I come back.

till 还可作介词，意为“直到.....为止”，用于肯定句，与延续性动词连用；用于否

定句中，与非延续性动词连用，意为“直到......（才）”。

e.g. I had been in Beijing till last week.

Tom went to sleep till midnight.

11. British people are very polite at home as well, aren’t they?

as well(as) 也，还有

e.g. I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well.

我唱自己谱曲的歌，也弹吉他。

as well一般不用否定句，通常放在句末，强调时可放在句中。

either用于否定句，放在句末，之前加逗号。

too语气较轻，多用于口语，在肯定句中使用，通常位于句末。

also比too正式一些，语气较重，只用于肯定句，一般紧靠动词。

12. British people don’t like to shout or laugh loudly.

loudly 副词，意为“大声地”。

辨析: loudly与loud

loudly: 副词，“大声地，喧闹地”，给人以吵闹、不悦耳的感觉，与quietly相对，

用法较正式，含有一点贬义。

loud: 副词，“声音大”，常与laugh，read，speak，talk，等动词搭配使用，还可

与loudly替换使用；还可作形容词，“大声的”，可作表语或定语。

例如：Who is knocking at the door loudly?

That music is too loud.

Don’t speak so loud.

13. Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.”

(1) as此处用做连词，意为“正如，如同”，表方式。

e.g. You should do as Tom told you.

(2) saying n. 谚语：格言

e. g. My grandpa knows a lot of English sayings.

我的祖母知道很多英语格言。

When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

入乡随俗。英语习语，其省略形式when in Rome也可以表达同样的意思。

14. hit someone or something by accident.

by accident 意为“偶然，意外地”，通常在句中作状语，其反义词为on purpose.

e.g. I met Tom on the street by accident yesterday.

Was tea invented by accident?