2023年12月1日发(作者：小米手环几代最好)

Unit 6 Sense Relations of Words

Part I. Relations of Synonyms

I. Origin of Synonyms

From French , Greek, Latin etc.

Differences between British English and

American English

II. Types of Synonyms

A: absolute/ exact/ perfect synonyms 完全同

义词

B: near/ partial/ loose synonyms 部分同义

词

III. Differences of Synonyms

1. semantic differences

2. stylistic differences

3. sense differences

4. differences of methods and collocations

根据以下四个原因，对下列各组同义词的形

成原因作出判断：

A. dialect B. formality

C. connotation D. collocation

1. refuse: garbage__________

2. chat: gossip___________

3. lawyer: attorney_______

I. Classifications of Antonyms

II. Characteristics of Antonyms

III. Applications of Antonyms

选出下列各词的反义词：

1. indeterminate A. qualified B. definite

C. stubborn D. effective

2. diverge A. bypass B. enclose

C. relay D. come together

3. anomalous A. viscous B. essential

C. normal D. elemental

4. stabilize A. penetrate B.

minimize C. fluctuate D. isolate

5. anchor A. unbend B. disjoin

C. disrupt D. dislodge 1、2班

6. refute A. associate B. recognize

C. prove D. understand

7. boisterous A. angry B. clever C.

frightened D. quiet

8. emit A. absorb B. demand C.

mistake D. prevent

9. ally A. mediator B. adversary

C. inventor D. conspirator

10. offhand A. accurate B.

universal C. appropriate D.

premeditated

11. profuse A. sequential B. scant

C. surly D. supreme

12. extant A. extensive B.

extricable C. extinct D. extra

13. persevere A. put into B. send out

C. take away D. give up

14. pungency A. boredom B.

redundancy C. blandness D.

insignificance

15. sedulous A. ponderous B.

careless C. useless D. treacherous

16. flustered A. mute B. calm C.

heavy D. courageous

17. expire A. evolve B. stabilize

C. come to life D. grow to fruition

18. morose A. agitated B.

overawed C. decisive D. cheerful

19. gist A. artificial manner B.

trivial point C. eccentric method D.

singular event

20. endorse A. provoke criticism B.

receive payment C. submit unwillingly

D. oppose publicly

判断下列各形容词在句中的不同意义：

1. blue

1) He is wearing a blue shirt today.

2) Her hands were blue with cold.

3) He’s feeling blue all week.

4) That’s a blue joke.

2. green

1) Wait for the light to turn green.

2) These apples are too green to eat.

3) You must be green to believe that!

4) The passengers turned quite green with

seasickness.

3. fast

1) Who’s the fastest runner in the world?

2) That clock is ten minutes fast.

3) He led a fast life.

4) The color is fast.

4. heavy

1) Her father carried a heavy burden of

responsibility.

2) The going was heavy at the race-course.

3) I don’t like heavy meals..

4) It’s very heavy_ I think there’ll be a storm..

5. poor

1) They were too poor to buy shoes for the

kids.

2) The poor little puppy had been abandoned.

3) It was raining heavily and visibility was

poor.

4) She’s a good teacher but a poor manager.

6. rich

1) America is a rich country.

2) Oranges are rich in vitamin C.

3) Indians like rich curries.

4) They are looking for a rich well-drained

soil.

7. short

1) He is too short to become a police officer.

2) The hospital is getting short of nurses.

3) “Ben” is usually short for “Benjamin”.

4) I’m sorry I was short with you earlier.

8. soft

1) The grass is soft and springy.

2) I prefer a soft pink to harsh red.

3) A soft breeze rustled the trees.

4) If you’re too soft with these kids they’ll

never respect you.

9. strong

1) Stay indoors in the middle of the day, when

the sun is strong.

2) The euro is getting stronger against the

dollar.

3) Strong will is one of the factors to achieve

success.

4) He is a strong candidate for the job.

10. warm

1) The weather is a bit warmer today.

2) The host gave me a warm welcome.

3) The room was furnished in warm reds and

browns.

4) Am I getting warmer?

Part III. Polysemy

I. the Original Meaning and Extended

Meaning

II. General Meaning and Special Meaning

III. Abstract Meaning and Concrete

Meaning

IV. Literal Meaning and Metaphorical

Meaning

Part IV. Homonymy

Part V. Hierarchical Relation

Generality and Specificity

Hyponym, Co-hyponym and Superordinate

Term

Quasi-hyponymy 准下义关系

Part VI. Taxonomy

Taxonyms superordinate co-taxonyms

co-taxonymy

Part VII. Partonomy

Part-whole relations

Superordinate and meronymy

写出下列共下义词的上义词：

1. prawn, crab, octopus, oyster____

2. flute, drum, violin, saxophone

3. hammer, saw, spanner, screw

4. sparrow, nightingale, owl, robin

5. date, mango, peach, plum

6. sight, hearing, touch, taste

7. acridity, aroma, stink, pong

8. boat, ship, destroyer, cruiser