专题02 动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气-2022年高考真题和模拟题

专题02 动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气-2022年高考真题和模拟题


2024年4月28日发(作者:)

专题02 动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气

一、2022年高考真题

1. (2022年全国甲卷语法填空)In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents,

and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___ (high) mountain.

67.

【答案】

has walked

【解析】考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的

34

个国家,

2016

年,他到达了乞力

马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语

in the last five years

可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语

Cao

为第三人称单数,助动词用

has

。故填

has walked

68.

【答案】

highest

【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的

34

个国家,

2016

年,他到达了乞

力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前

Africa’s

可知,此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉,

应用形容词最高级。故填

highest

2. (2022年全国甲卷短文改错) He showed me how his medical instruments was used. However, after I went to

high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not

stay out with my friends too late.

【详解】

2.

【答案】

was→were

【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。主语

instruments

为复数形式,全

文为一般过去时,

be

动词用复数形式

were

。故将

was

改为

were

4.

【答案】

become→became

【解析】考查动词时态。句意:然而,在我上了高中之后,不知怎么的,我开始疏远他。全文用一般过去

时,动词

become

应改为过去式

became

。故将

become

改为

became

5.

【答案】

talk

前面加

to

【解析】考查短语。句意:我不愿意和他交谈,经常违反他让我不要在外面待到很晚的规定。

be willing to do

意思为:愿意做,为固定短语。故在

talk

前面加

to

6.

【答案】

stay→staying

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。

of

为介词,后面的动词

stay

用动名词形式

staying

作宾语。故将

stay

改为

staying

3. (2022年全国乙卷语法填空)...The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 (address)

the opening ceremony. " It can help to build a community with a 66 (share)future for mankind," he said.

63.

addressed

【解析】考查时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情,用一般

过去时。故填

addressed

66. shared

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修

饰名词

future

。非谓语动词

share

和名词

future

之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填

shared

4. (2022年全国乙卷短文改错) ...A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers Just

see how cars have been taken over our cities. And there were traffic jams, too. ...

2.

【答案】

lives → live

【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:医生告诉我,寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。

people

是集合名词,

谓语动词用复数。故将

lives

改为

live

7.

【答案】去掉

have

后的

been

【解析】考查语态。句意:看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。主语

cars

与动词

take over

之间是主谓关系,

应用主动语态。故去掉

have

后的

been

9.

【答案】

were → are

【解析】考查时态。句意:还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知,本句应用一般现在时。故将

were

改为

are

4. (2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that

__58___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one

authority ___59___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.

After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___60___ (design)to reflect

the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (

完整性

) of natural ecosystems, preserving

biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___61___ leaving behind precious natural assets(

资产

)for

future generations”.

58.【答案】were

【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。设空处在

that

引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,先行词为

a significant number

of areas

,先行词在从句中作主语,根据

“previously (

之前地

)”

可知从句讲的是过去未受保护,所以要用一般

过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量

以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致

性。故填

were

59.【答案】to increase

【解析】考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中已经有一个谓语动词

“will extend”

,剩下的这个

“increase”

作非谓语,

由句意可知,

increase

在此处表示目的,应用动词的不定式的形式。本句句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到

大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不

一致性。故填

to increase

60.【答案】is designed

【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语

The GPNP

之间为被动关系;叙述

客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式。本句句意:

GPNP

旨在体现

保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,维护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留

下宝贵的自然资产

的指导原则。故填

is designed

61.【答案】and

【解析】考查连词。设空处无提示词,且前后为并列关系,应用

and

,连接三个指导原

“, ,preserving ..., and leaving ...”

。本句句意。大熊猫保护区

(GPNP)

旨在体现

保护自然生态系统

的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产

的指导原则。故

and

5. (2022

年全国高考新高考

II

卷语法填空

)

Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.

He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.

42.

【答案】

was fixing

【解析】考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根

据空后的

when he heard the screams

,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。

故使用过去进行时。

fix

为动词,意为

修理

,其过去进行时为

was fixing

。故填

was fixing

43.

【答案】

threw

【解析】考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后

throw

为动词,的

and started

构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。意为

,过去时为

threw

。故填

threw

二、2022届模拟题

1.

2022·

河南新乡

·

二模语法填空)

Humans are explorers since the dawn of civilization. We ____34____

(attract) over the horizon to find food or more space, or just to see what beyond those trees or mountains or oceans.

34

.【答案】

have been attracted

【解析】考查动词语态。句意:我们被地平线所吸引,去寻找食物或更大的空间,或者只是去看看那些树、

山或海洋之外的东西。根据前句

since the dawn of civilization

可知,该段主要讲述自从人类文明以来,人类

就渴望探索太空,所以用现在完成时;同时,句子主语

we

和所填词

attract

之间是被动的关系。故填

have been

attracted

2.

2022·

山东

·

模拟预测语法填空)

The taoray taoray Spring Summer 2020 ___2___ (show) for the first time on

the world stage of New York Fashion Week ___3___ tradition met modernity.

....

The taoray taoray collection ____10____(be) a reflection on how the designers are preserving culture to

remind people of the beauty of tradition in daily life!

【答案】

2

was shown 3

where 10

is

【解析】

2

.考查动词语态。句意:

taoray taoray 2020

春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装

周世界舞台。根据本句中的

Spring Summer 2020

可知,此处应用一般过去时,因为

The taoray taoray Spring

Summer 2020

show

之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填

was shown

3

.考查定语从句。句意:

taoray taoray 2020

春夏季时装展首次登上传统与现代相结合的纽约时装周世界舞

台。设空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词

world stage

,并在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词

where

引导,故填

where

10

.考查主谓一致。句意:

taoray taoray

系列是设计师如何保存文化,提醒人们在日常生活中的传统之美的

反映!根据本句中的

are preserving

可知,设空处应用一般现在时,因为句子的主语是

collection

,故填

is

I finally stepped out of the trees, the view was breathtaking. An eagle flew over the

2022·

广东梅州

·

一模)

snow-capped mountains, which ____3____ (reflect) in the still lake below.

【答案】

3

were reflected

3

.考查时态和语态。句意:一只鹰飞过白雪皑皑的群山,群山倒映在下面平静的湖面上。谓语动词

reflect

和主语之间是被动关系,根据前文

flew

可知,此处描述过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时的被动语态,非

限制性定语从句引导词

which

替代先行词

mountains

作主语,为复数,主谓一致,故填

were reflected

4.

2022·

四川成都

·

三模语法填空)

In 2017, Hassan met a Hangzhou native, whom he ____5____ (marry) two

years later.

...

“The science of traditional Chinese medicine, which has a history of thousands of years, ____8____ (be)

complex and attractive.

【答案】

5

married 8

is

【解析】

5

.考查动词时态。句意:

2017

年,他遇到了一个杭州本地人,两年后,他与她结婚了。此处

whom

引导定语从句,此处为谓语动词,时间状语为

in 2017

,为过去的时间,应用一般过去时,且

娶某人

表达

marry sb

,故填

married

8

.考查主谓一致。句意:拥有着几千年历史的传统中医学是复杂并且吸引人。此处主语为

the science

,为

不可数名词,且此处陈述事实,应用一般现在时,故填

is

5. 61 percent of the population of this city ___13___(be) from ethnic minority groups.

2022·

湖南

·

二模语法填空)

Pu'er also boasts original ecological culture and aboriginal and mysterious, unsophisticated and fantastic

national ___16___(custom); the Wooden Drum Festival of the Wa nationality, the Gourd Festival of the Lahu

nationality, the Torch Festival of the Yi nationality, the Water-Sprinkling Festival of the Dai nationality and

___17___ traditional ethnic festivals which ___18___(inherit) for more than one thousand years will invite you to

linger with their unique charm.

【答案】

13

is 16

customs 17

other 18

have been inherited

13

61 percent

考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这个城市

61%

的人口是少数民族。本句在陈述事实,为一般现在时。

of the population

为主语,表示整体,为单数概念,

be

动词为

is

故填

is

16

.考查名词复数。句意:普洱还拥有原始的生态文化和原始神秘、古朴奇异的民族风情;佤族木鼓节、

拉祜族葫芦节、彝族火把节、傣族泼水节等传承了一千多年的民族传统节日,将以其独特的魅力邀您流连

忘返。空处填名词作宾语,前无不定冠词修饰和限定,用复数

customs

,作宾语。故填

customs

17

.考查形容词。根据句意,表示

其它的

,用

other

。故填

other

18

.考查时态语态。根据

“for more than one thousand years”

可知,本句为现在完成时,主语

festivals

与谓语

inherit

为被动关系,所以本句为现在完成时的被动语态。

故填

have been inherited

6.

2022·

广东梅州

·

二模语法填空)

Under such influence, young people gradually ____29____ (shift) their

attention from pop culture imported from Japan, Korea and the West and started to develop interest _____30_____

traditional Chinese art and literature, practicing Chinese calligraphy and musical instrument, such as Guzheng.

29

.考查时态。句意:在这种影响下,年轻人逐渐将注意力从日本、韩国和西方的流行文化转移,开始对

中国传统艺术和文学产生兴趣,练习中国书法和古筝等乐器。

and

前后时态一致,由

started

可知,空格处的

句子是一般过去时,空格处用过去式

shifted

。故填

shifted

30

develop interest in

是固定短语,考查介词和固定短语。意为

产生对

……

的兴趣

,因此空格处是介词

in

故填

in

7.___39___example, food loss and waste mostly occurs in harvesting and storage

2022·

甘肃兰州

·

一模语法填空)

in Africa and South Asia. Up to 30 percent of food loss was found during farmers’ storage in some areas in Africa,

and 21 percent of food in the United States____40____(waste) during daily consumption, Wu told Economic Daily.

39

.考查介词。句意:比如说,在非洲和亚洲南部,食物耗损和废弃主要发生在丰收和储存阶段。此处意


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