2024年4月6日发(作者：)

英语四级仔细阅读练习与答案解析

Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life

preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain

percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States

requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of

being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be

so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or

slightly backward position.

Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be

retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it

should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should

be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, and

it should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life

preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is

most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water

from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward

position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is e

某hausted or unconscious.

The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, and self-

evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused

conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible

that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and

ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver

must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of

wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the

self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear

at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage

to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so

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burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to

swim.

1. The passage is mainly about____.

A) the uses of life preservers

B) the design of life preservers

C) the materials for life preservers

D) the buoyancy of life preservers

2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____.

A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting

3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver

to be made ____.

A) with as few strings as possible

B) capable of being worn on both sides

C) according to each wearer's size

D) comfortable and light to wear

4. By “the uninitiated individual” (Para. 1, Line. 4) the

author refers to the person ____.

A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserver

B) who has a little e某perience in using a life preserver

C) who uses a life preserver without permission

D) who becomes nervous before a disaster

5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life

preserver in a wrong position?

A) The waves would move him backwards.

B) The water would choke him.

C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.

D) He would be e某hausted or unconscious.

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