2024年3月16日发(作者：)

新疆乌鲁木齐市第八中学2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次

质量检测（开学摸底）英语试题

学校

:___________

姓名：

___________

班级：

___________

考号：

___________

一、阅读理解

For high school students, just thinking about your career probably isn’t enough. You

have to actively do some research and plan. Here are some of the best careers for the future

and how you can get your foot in the door.

Registered Nurses

To become registered nurses, you’re going to need either an associate degree in nursing,

a Bachelor of Science in nursing, or another officially approved diploma(

文凭

) from a

nursing program. If you want to be a practicing physician, you’ll need a medical degree in

your chosen field on top of your four-year degree.

Data Analysts

Big data is a growing field with profitable opportunities for college graduates. You are

required to have a master’s degree in computer science or another related field. Data science

is a traditionally male-dominated industry and only 26 percent are held by women.

Thankfully, it is holding out an olive branch to females and there are some terrific programs

specially designed for them to break into this dynamic field.

Plumbers

(

管道工

)

and Electricians

Not all of the best careers for the future will require a four-year undergraduate degree.

There’s a serious demand for skilled positions jobs like plumbers and technicians. Many of

these positions require a high school degree and often an associate degree in a related field,

but don’t necessarily require graduation from a four-year university.

Cybersecurity

(

网络安全

)

Experts

The average salaries for cybersecurity experts can start at $80, 000 for IT Security

Consultants and can reach six figures for other positions such as a security director. The best

way to start your path in cybersecurity is with a bachelor’s degree in computer science,

information technology, engineering, or other related fields.

1

．

In which job will the gender distribution probably be more balanced?

A

．

Data Analysts.

C

．

Cybersecurity Experts.

B

．

Registered Nurses.

D

．

Plumbers and Electricians.

试卷第1页，共12页

2

．

To be a cybersecurity expert, which is the basic requirement?

A

．

A master’s degree in computer science.

B

．

A certificate of high school graduation.

C

．

A bachelor’s degree in information technology.

D

．

A diploma officially approved from a medical program.

3

．

Where is the text probably taken from?

A

．

A health lecture.

C

．

A job advertisement.

Look people in the eye. Smile. Shake hands. Sit up tall. Speak clearly and confidently.

That’s the last- minute advice professor Paul Calhoun gives a handful of college students

before they head off for a series of job interviews. The Skidmore College seniors he’s talking

to are dressed in suits and shirts , or dresses and heels.

There isn’t an actual job on the other end of these interviews, just a satisfactory /

unsatisfactory grade from a class called Presenting the Brand Called Me at this college in

New York. Calhoun created the popular course 10 years ago. He’d spent more than three

decades working in the banking industry, where he saw the importance of presentation

skills :“A lot of it is acting .”

When he came to Skidmore as a business professor, he noticed a lot of students

struggling with public speaking. He got theater professors to help him shape what eventually

became this class , in order to give business majors the training analogous to what the theater

department gives to actors .

Over the 13 weeks, there’s some role - playing with improv (

即兴创作

)--- “Talk for a

minute about anything ----go !“ There are dance classes , and many guest speakers who talk

about cover letters , resumes (

简历

) and personal branding . By the end of the course ,

students leave with a polished “ STAR ” story --- the short story about themselves and their

abilities that’s designed to help land them a job . “ People don’t remember when you tell them

you’re good at something,”Calhoun explains .“They remember when you tell them a story

that proves you ‘ re good at something.” Dante Delemos is a junior business major. In his

interviews , he tells a story about winning the election for class president . And it works .

Delemos is spending the summer working part- time in finance .

In addition, the class also created professional-sounding email addresses for students.

试卷第2页，共12页

B

．

A school website.

D

．

A science magazine.

Say goodbye to “Bubblegum123.”“ You can’t email your future boss with some really odd

email name,”explains Tytianna McClenningham , a recent graduate. And they’re email

manners , too .I didn’t even think it was important to use a subject in an email ,”

McClenningham says .“But now I know .”

4

．

What is described in the first paragraph ?

A

．

An activity at a job fair .

B

．

A college entrance interview .

C

．

A scene in a college class .

D

．

A college graduation ceremony .

5

．

What does the underlined word ” analogous “ in paragraph 3 mean ?

A

．

Similar . B

．

Superior . C

．

Available . D

．

Important .

6

．

What does Calhoun say about telling stories in interviews ?

A

．

It can help interviewees relax .

B

．

It will impress interviewers .

C

．

It can meet the requirements of interviewers .

D

．

It will show interviewees’ communication skills .

7

．

How does McClenningham feel about the class ?

A

．

It is boring .

C

．

It is too popular .

Over the course of 16 months, the family of 16 Asian elephants crop-destroyed,

mud-bathed, and road-tripped 300 miles north to the provincial capital of Kunming. Along

the way they became global celebrities --- and presented a conundrum for government

officials. The elephants caused about a half million dollars worth of damage.

The simple answer would be to tranquilize (

使镇定

)the elephants and transport them

back to the reserve.

But that would be risky for this group, especially the three little ones. Instead, officials

took measures --- providing tons of corn and bananas, setting up road barriers, and making

new pathways --- which ultimately involved tens of thousands of people at a cost equal to

hundreds of thousands of dollars.

In a year torn by climate change, conflict, and COVID -19, some might argue that going

to extremes to keep a family of elephants safe was wasteful. They might say the same about

试卷第3页，共12页

B

．

It is practical .

D

．

It is too abstract .

searching for an undiscovered species of frog or building new museums.

But conserving our natural and human heritage --- like efforts to cure disease and stop

war --- is about doing good in the world. We need wildlife and ancient objects, just as we

need health and peace. They’re our past, present, and future.

Conservation efforts have been bright spots in an otherwise dark year. That’s not to say

the biodiversity crisis has passed. Plant and animal species are still disappearing at an

alarming rate.

“I am scared about the state of nature because the threats are increasing ,” says Gladys

Kalema -Zikusoka, founder of Conservation Through Public Health , but “I am hopeful

because the extreme weather patterns we are experiencing and the shock of COVID -19 are

leading to a heightened awareness about these risks and the need to do something about

them .”

It’s still not clear why the elephants left their home, but one theory is that as elephant

numbers in Yunnan Province have increased, the animals have needed to expand their

territory.

That could be considered good news for this endangered species. But the story of the

elephants demonstrates something else too: that the world we created and the world nature

created are closely bound, for better or for worse.

8

．

What does the underlined part “a conundrum ” in paragraph 1 mean?

A

．

A tough problem.

C

．

A difficult decision.

B

．

A terrible accident.

D

．

A serious mistake.

9

．

What does the author say about keeping the elephants safe?

A

．

It’s a waste of time and money.

B

．

It’s significant for humankind.

C

．

It obviously goes to extremes.

D

．

It sets an example for the world.

10

．

Why does Gladys Kalema - Zikusoka voice hope?

A

．

Plant and animal species are growing.

B

．

Public awareness of key issues has increased.

C

．

Endangered animals face declining threats.

D

．

People are more experienced in handling risks.

11

．

What does the author mainly intend to tell us?

试卷第4页，共12页

A

．

Mankind and nature face a shared future.

B

．

We should remember our past, present, and future.

C

．

Nature reflects who we are.

D

．

Mankind should give way to nature.

An international team of researchers from Sweden and the UK have developed an

innovative way of interpreting biological signals produced by our skin. Using data obtained

from a Philips wrist-worn wearable sensor device that can also measure movement, the

researchers’ system displays information in the form of colourful spiral graphics (

螺旋图形

)

in real time on a smartphone, as well as a recording of data, for the wearer to interpret and

reflect on.

The prototype (

雏形

) visualisation system, called ‘Affective Health’, was developed by

experts in Human-Computer Interaction looking into how new and emerging computer

technologies can be used to design engaging visualisations on smartphones.

A study group of 23 people were given the Affective Health prototype to use for a month.

Importantly, the researchers purposely did not tell the participants what the devices were

useful for. Instead, they gave guidelines that Affective Health could collect information

relating to both physical and emotional reactions, how increased sweating increased the

conductivity, and how this was represented by different colours. The participants were left to

decide the best ways of using the technology.

The researchers found that this open design stage of the study led to some participants

using the system as a tool to measure and help manage their stress levels. While others,

including outstanding athletes, used the device to get information on their training and

recovery programmes. Other uses included logging information on their lives and tracking

emotions. But interestingly, few would use the technology for more than one purpose.

Although the open design phase helped reveal several different practices Affective

Health prototypes could be used for, the prototype lacked some of the functions needed to

make it a good tool for a specific role—such as a sports training system, or as a stress

management tool. The researchers found the need for a second, more tailored step in the

design process to make devices specific to particular roles.

12

．

What were the participants unaware of about the prototype?

A

．

Its function as a measuring tool.

试卷第5页，共12页

B

．

Its reactions to physical activity.

C

．

Its colourful spiral graphics.

D

．

Its specified uses.

13

．

What interested the researchers?

A

．

People used the device quite differently.

B

．

Few used the device to help better themselves.

C

．

Many considered the device a single-purpose tool.

D

．

Many purposely avoided the device’s certain functions.

14

．

What can be learned about Affective Health?

A

．

It has a rising market share.

B

．

It causes trouble for users.

C

．

It lacks competitiveness.

D

．

It needs improvement.

15

．

What can be the best title for the text?

A

．

Sweat, a Mood Detector?

B

．

Time to Reflect on Ourselves?

C

．

Colourful Sensors Gain Popularity

D

．

Technologies Interpret Biodata from the Skin

二、七选五

Have you ever had a chat with Siri? Do you ask Google to play your favorite song?

Have you ever had Alexa order a pizza for dinner? 16

Voice assistants are programs on digital devices that listen and respond to verbal (

口头

的

) commands. Users can say, "What's the weather like?" and the voice assistant will answer

with the weather report for that day and location. They could say, "Tell me a story," and the

assistant will jump into a tale. But how do voice assistants understand us? A complex system

of codes? An actual person listening on the other end? 17

It all starts with a signal word. Have you ever called a friend's name to get their attention?

Users say the names of their voice assistants for the same reason. They might say. "Hey Siri!"

or simply, "Alexa!" 18 It signals to the voice assistant that it should begin paying

attention.

试卷第6页，共12页