2024年3月16日发(作者：)

2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

第五篇英国经济

①Inorderto"changelivesforthebetter"andreduce"dependency"，GeorgeOsborne,

ChancelloroftheExchequer,introducedthe"upfrontworksearch"scheme.

为了让生活变的更好以及减少依赖，乔治奥斯本，英国财务大臣，引入了“诚信求职”

计划。

②OnlyifthejoblessarriveatthejobcenterwithaCV,registerfortheonlinejobsearch,and

startlookingforworkwilltheybeeligibleforbenefit-andthentheyshouldreportweeklyrather

thanfortnightly.

1)Beeligibleforsth:有资格获得…

Beeligibletodosth:有资格做…

2）aspiretosth渴望获得…

Aspiretodosth渴望做…

3)registerfor注册

只有当失业者拿着简历来到求职中心，并且注册在线求职,开始找工作以后，才有资格

获得福利.而且这些失业者应该每周汇报而不是每两周汇报一次。

③Whatcouldbemorereasonable?

还能更合理吗?（这是再合理不过了。）

①Moreapparentreasonablenessfollowed.

看起来更合理的事情在后面呢。

②Therewillnowbeaseven-daywaitforthejobseeker'sallowance.

在获得求职者的补助前需要7天的等待期。

③"Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon."

“这七天应该用来积极找工作，而不是等补助！”

④heclaimed,"We'redoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplestayoffbenefits

andhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster."

他说道，我们之所以做这些事情，是因为我们知道这样做会帮助人们远离福利，而且能

帮助那些依靠福利的人赶快找到工作。

⑤Help?Really？Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingto

changelivesforthebetter,completewith"reforms"toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthat

demandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsidizeslaziness.

帮助？真的？听起来这个人是一个关心社会的大臣，试着让生活变得更好，完成对于一

个明显纵容（民众）的系统的改革，这个系统对于那些刚失业的人在找工作方面没有提出任

何努力的要求并且在补贴着懒惰。

⑥Whatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor"fundamentalfairness"-

protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimants

receivedtheirbenefits.

我们也懂的，促使他这样做的是他对于“根本的公平”的苛求，所谓根本的公平就是

指:1.保护纳税人。2.控制财政支出。3.只有最有资格的申请人才能领取福利。

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

①Losingajobishurting:youdon’tskipdowntothejobcenterwithasonginyourheart,

delightedattheprospectofdoublingyourincomefromthegenerousstate.

失业是一件让人很受伤的事情：你不会哼着小曲，然后一蹦一跳的到求职中心。开心的

憧憬你的收入会从这个慷慨的国度翻倍。

②Itisfinanciallyterrifying,psychologicallyembarrassingandyouknowthatsupportis

minimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.

失业是件让人在财务上恐惧的事情，心理上尴尬的事情，同时你知道失业补助是非常少

的而且是极度难拿的。

③Youarenownotwanted;youarenowexcludedfromtheworkenvironmentthatoffers

purposeandstructureinyourlife.

你现在不被需要了；你被排除在工作环境之外，而工作环境提供给你工作的目的和生活

的结构。

④Worse,thecrucialincometofeedyourselfandyourfamilyandpaythebillshas

disappeared.

更糟糕的事情是，能养活你自己和家庭，能支付账单的关键收入已经消失了。

⑤Askanyonenewlyunemployedwhattheywantandtheanswerisalways:ajob.

去问任何你个刚失业的人，他们想要什么，回答一直都是：工作！

①ButinOsborneland,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependency-permanentdependencyif

youcangetit–supportedbyastateonlytooreadytoindulgeyourfalsehood.

Instinct本能

“Osborneland”源自于”England”，这是对奥斯本的一种调侃；觉得英国已经被你搞成

你的国了。

但是在奥斯本的理念中，你的第一本能是陷入依靠，如果你能得到，那甚至就是永久的

依靠，而一个做好一切准备的国家纵容着你的谎言，提供着这种依靠。

②Itisasthough20yearsofever–tougherreformsofthejobsearchandbenefit

administrationsystemneverhappened.

这搞的好像，在过去的20年间，严格的对于求职和福利管理的改革从来没有发生过一

样。

③TheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthatyoucaninsureyourselfagainsttheriskof

unemploymentandreceiveunconditionalpaymentsifthedisasterhappens.

英国福利的原则不再是你能保证你自己能抵抗失业的风险，或者在灾难发生时，你能收

到无条件的收入。

④Eventheveryphrase“jobseeker’sallowance”isaboutredefiningtheunemployedasa

“jobseeker”whohadnofundamentalrighttobenefitheorshehasearnedthroughmakingnational

insurancecontributions.

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

甚至“求职者的补助”这个短语就是重新把失业者定义为“求职者”，这样他们就没有

基本的权利去享受福利。这些福利他或她通过对国家保险系统做贡献而挣来的。

⑤Instead,theclaimantreceivesatime-limited“allowance”，conditionalonactivelyseeking

ajob:noentitlementandnoinsurance,at￡71.70aweek,oneoftheleastgenerousintheEU.

Leastgenerous：最少；

相反，申请者获得的是时间有限的补助，以积极找工作为条件限制的补助，没有福利的

权利，没有保险，一周71.7英镑，整个欧盟金额最少的补助。

Osborne’sschemewasintendedto

［A］providetheunemployedwitheasieraccesstobenefits.

［B］encouragejobseeker’sactiveengagementinjobseeking.

［C］motivatetheunemployedtoreportvoluntarily.

［D］guaranteejobseekers’legitimaterighttobenefit.

se“tosighon”（Line3,Para.2）mostprobablymeans

［A］tocheckontheavailabilityofjobsatthejobcenter.

［B］toacceptthegovernment’srestrictionsontheallowance.

［C］toregisterforanallowancefromthegovernment.

［D］toattendagovernmentaljob-trainingprogram.

omptedthechancellortodevelophisscheme?

［A］Adesiretosecureabetterlifeforall.

［B］Aneagernesstoprotecttheunemployed.

［C］Anurgetobegeneroustotheclaimants.

［D］Apassiontoensurefairnessfortaxpayers.

ingtoParagraph3,beingunemployedmakesonefeel

［A］uneasy.

［B］enraged.

［C］insulted.

［D］guilty.

hofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree？

［A］TheBritishwelfaresystemindulgesjobseekers’laziness.

［B］Osborne’sreformwillreducetheriskofunemployment.

［C］Thejobseekers’allowancehasmettheiractualneeds.

［D］Unemploymentbenefitsshouldnotbemadeconditional.

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

第六篇英国经济

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

①Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthanincountry.

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

史上第一次，城市居民超过了乡村居民。

（全球范围而言）

②InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.

Curious:人（好奇）物（奇怪）

在英国，这就有了很有意思的结果。

③WhilepollsshowBritonsrate“thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,Shakespeare

andtheNationalHealthService（NHS）aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishas

limitedpoliticalsupport.

虽然民调显示，英国人把乡村评定为和王室，莎士比亚以及国家医疗服务系统一样，最

令他们自豪的东西，但是乡村却得到有限的政治支持。

①AcenturyagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbutto

save“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”

一个世纪以前，奥克塔威亚.希尔发起了国家信托组织，目的不是为了拯救那些华丽时

尚的豪宅，而是“为所有人永久保留自然美的地方。”

②Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisure/wheretheycould

experience“arefreshingair.”

它专门为城市居民提供了休闲的空间，在哪里市民能体验到“一丝清新空气”。

③Hill’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.

后来，在Hill的呼吁之下，国家公园和绿化带得以建成。

④Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore，andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.

而现在，他们不再建设乡村，混泥土每年消耗更多的乡村。

⑤Itneedsconstantguardianship.

乡村需要一直的保护。

①Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.

在下一届的选举中，似乎没有哪个大党可能会赞同这种观点。

②TheConservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityover

conservation,evenauthorizing“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.

保守党的改革计划明确地给予乡村的开发优先权，而不是自然保护，甚至批准了当地居

民可能反对的计划外建筑。

③Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.

可持续发展的概念被定义为有利可图。

④Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.

Likewise:同样的；

（所以这句话即使大家读不懂也应该知道工党的态度和保守党的态度应该是一样的：

支持乡村开发！）

Planning在这里指的就是规划（保护）之意了！

工党同样希望在当地议会反对开发的地方停止规划。

⑤TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.

自由民主党保持了沉默。

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

⑥OnlyUkip,sensingitsChance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsidered

approachtousinggreenland.

Ukip察觉到了有利可图（机会），所以只有它和那些呼吁用一种更周全的方式来使用

绿地的人站在了一起。

⑦ItsCampaigntoProtectRuleEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConservativeparties.

Struckterrorintosb:使…胆颤心惊

其“保护英格兰乡村运动”使得很多地方的保守党胆战心惊。

①Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,incities

andtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesisB,C.

B=wherepeopleare

C=incitiesandtowns

(whereinfrastructureisinplace)

短语：Beinplace就绪；

②TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillion

housesintheLondonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelt.

伦敦的地产代理StirlingAckroyd仅在伦敦一地，就找到了足以修建50万套房的建筑用

地，没有侵害到城市绿地。

③WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.

伦敦能做的到，那其他地方就更做的到了。

①Theideathat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.

Pure:completeandtotal

Lobbytalk:游说之辞

Lobbyist:游说之人

认为“房屋危机”就等于在“绿地上浇筑混凝土”简直就是游说之辞。

（认为要解决房屋危机就要在绿地上盖房简直就是游说之辞。）

②Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.

问题不在于需要更多的房屋，和往常一样，问题在于盖在哪里。

③Underlobbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavorsrural-buildagainsturbanrenovationand

renewal.

在游说团体的压力之下，乔治.奥斯本支持在乡村建房，而不是在城市改造和翻新。

④Hefavorsout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.

Out-of-town郊外

他支持郊外的购物场所，而不是都市的商业街。

⑤Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.

这不是一个自由的市场，而是一个(应该)有差别对待的市场。

⑥Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

乡村小镇和村庄已经发展了而且将会一直发展。

⑦Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.

这些小镇和村庄严守其应有的边界，尊重乡村的特色，建设的很好。

⑧Wedonotruinurbanconservationareas.

我们没有破坏城市的保护区。

⑨Whyruinruralones?

那为什么要毁掉乡村的保护区呢？

①Developmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.

房地产开发应该有规划而不是肆意妄为。

②AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowdedcountry.

除开荷兰，英国是欧洲最拥挤的国家。

③Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretainanenviablerural

coherence,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving.

半个世纪以来的城乡规划使其能保持令人羡慕的乡村原貌（coherence），同时也使得低

密度的城市生活成为可能。

④Thereisnodoubtofthealternative–thecorruptedlandscapesofsouthernPortugal,Spain

orIreland.

毫无疑问，这里还有一个选择，那就是像葡萄牙南部，西班牙和爱尔兰那样毁掉这些美

丽乡村。

⑤Avoidingthisratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthepolitical

spectrum.

政治上的左派和右派应该联合起来避免这样的事情发生，而不是鼓励这样的事情。

n’spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside____

［A］didn’tstarttilltheShakespeareanage.

［B］hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS.

［C］isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily.

［D］isnotwellreflectedinpolitics.

ingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeing___

［A］graduallydestroyed.

［B］effectivelyreinforced.

［C］largelyovershadowed.

［D］properlyprotected.

fthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

［A］Labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment.

［B］Theconservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building.

［C］TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence.

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

［D］Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation.

horholdsthatGeorgeOsborne’spreference___

［A］highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure.

［B］showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas.

［C］stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisis.

［D］revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareas.

astparagraph,theauthorshowshisappreciationof____

［A］thesizeofpopulationinBritain.

［B］thepoliticallifeintoday’sBritain

［C］theenviableurbanlifestyleinBritain.

［D］thetown-and-countryplanninginBritain.

附加英国政党资料：

ThreeMajorPartiesinBritainToday:

theConservativeParty(in1833)Tory保守党，也称托利党right

theLabourParty(in1900)工党left

theSocialandLiberalDemocrats(since1988)

Thefirsttwopartieshavebeeninpowerbyturnssince1945)

英国独立党（UnitedKingdomIndependenceParty，简称为UKIP），为英国极右翼政党。

是英国一个反泛欧主义（Euroscepticism）的政党。

TheUKIndependencePartyhas,asitsnameimplies,onekeypolicy-toleavetheEuropean

Union.

附1

Text2

一.sadeal—except,apparently,whenEntergyisinvolved.

2.1)Thecompany,amajorenergysupplierinNewEngland,provokedjustifiedoutragein

Vermontlastweek/（结果）

2)whenitannounceditwasrenegingonalongstandingcommitment（承诺）toabideby

thestrictnuclearregulations.（原因）

做了坏事，引起人们正义的愤怒！

句中或者句间关系解题！

ase“renegingon”(.1)isclosestinmeaningto____

［A］condemning.

［B］reaffirming.

［C］dishonoring.违背

［D］securing.

二.1.1)Instead,thecompanyhasdonepreciselywhatithadlongpromised/

2)itwouldnotchallengetheconstitutionalityofVermont’srulesinthefederalcourt,

3）aspartofadesperateefforttokeepitsVermontYankeenuclearpowerplantrunning.

’sastunningmove.

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

三.1Theconflicthasbeensurfacingsince2002,whenthecorporationboughtVermont’s

onlynuclearpowerplant,anagingreactorinVernon.

2.1)Asaconditionofreceivingstateapprovalforthesale,

2)thecompanyagreedtoseekpermissionfromstateregulatorstooperatepast2012.

2006,thestatewentastepfurther,requiringthatanyextensionoftheplant’slicense

besubjectto（受制于）Vermontlegislature’s（立法机关）approval.

,too,thecompanywentalong.（同意）

ringintothe2002agreement,Entergyintendedto____

［A］obtainprotectionfromVermontregulators.

［B］seekfavorfromthefederallegislature.

［C］acquireanextensionofitsbusinesslicense.

［D］getpermissiontopurchaseapowerplant.

Asaconditionofreceivingstateapprovalforthesale,

四.Entergyneverreallyintendedtolivebythosecommitments,oritsimplydidn’t

foreseewhatwouldhappennext.

gofaccidents,includingthepartialcollapseofacoolingtowerin2007andthe

discoveryofanundergroundpipesystemleakage,raisedseriousquestionsaboutboth

1）VermontYankee’ssafetyand2）Entergy’smanagement–especiallyafterthecompany

mademisleadingstatementsaboutthepipe.

dbyEntergy’sbehavior,theVermontSenatevoted26to4lastyearagainst

allowinganextension.

ingtoParagraph4,Entergyseemstohaveproblemswithits____

Entergy’smanagement

［A］managerialpractices.

［B］technicalinnovativeness.

［C］financialgoals.

［D］businessvision

五.companyissuddenlyclaimingthatthe2002agreementisinvalidbecauseof

the2006legislation,andthatonlythefederalgovernmenthasregulatorypowerover

nuclearissues.

alissuesinthecaseareobscure:whereastheSupremeCourthasruledthat

statesdohavesomeregulatoryauthorityovernuclearpower,legalscholarssaythat

Vermontcasewillofferaprecedent-settingtest(先验测试)ofhowfarthosepowers

extend.

Caselaw:案例法；

nly,therearevalid(正当的)concernsaboutthepatchworkregulationsthatcould

resultifeverystatesetsitsownrules.

patchworkregulations：各自为政的规定

patchworkmess：各自为政的混乱

Entergykeptitsword,thatdebatewouldbebesidethepoint.

IfEntergyhadkeptitsword，

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

uthor’sview,theVermontcasewilltest____

legalscholarssaythatVermontcasewillofferaprecedent-settingtest(先验测试)of

howfarthosepowersextend.

Statepower!

［A］Entergy’scapacitytofulfillallitspromises.

［B］thematureofstates’patchworkregulations.

［C］thefederalauthorityovernuclearissues.

［D］thelimitsofstates’powerovernuclearissues.

六.panyseemstohaveconcludedthatitsreputationinVermontisalreadyso

damagedthatithasnothinglefttolosebygoingtowarwiththestate.

reshouldbeconsequences.

siontorunanuclearplantisapublictrust.

yruns11otherreactorsintheUnitedStates,includingPilgrimNuclearstationin

Plymouth.

ngtorunPilgrimsafely,thecompanyhasappliedforfederalpermissiontokeep

itopenforanother20years.

heNuclearRegulatoryCommission(NRC)reviewsthecompany’sapplication,

itshouldkeepitmindwhatpromisesfromEntergyareworth.

einferredfromthelastparagraphthat____

［A］Entergy’sbusinesselsewheremightbeaffected.

［B］theauthorityoftheNRCwillbedefied.

［C］EntergywillwithdrawitsPlymouthapplication.

［D］Vermont’sreputationmightbedamaged

第五篇英国经济

一.rto"changelivesforthebetter"andreduce"dependency"，GeorgeOsborne,

ChancelloroftheExchequer,introducedthe"upfrontworksearch"scheme.

财务大臣；

IntroduceAtoB:介绍

Introducesth制定，引入

Upfront=honest=integrity

Scheme计划=plan

thejoblessarriveatthejobcenterwithaCV,registerfortheonlinejobsearch,

andstartlookingforwork/willtheybeeligibleforbenefit-andthentheyshouldreportweekly

ratherthanfortnightly.（倒装）

Theywillbeeligibleforbenefit

Eligibleforsth

Eligibletodosth

Aspiretosth

Aspiretodosth

The+adj=一类人

Thepowerful;thepowerless

Thedisadvantages

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

CV=resume

registerfor注册

uldbemorereasonable?

情态动词表示观点！

Osborne’sschemewasintendedto____

［A］providetheunemployedwitheasieraccesstobenefits.

witheasieraccess更容易获得！

［B］encouragejobseeker’sactiveengagementinjobseeking.

reduce"dependency"

［C］motivatetheunemployedtoreportvoluntarily.

［D］guaranteejobseekers’legitimateright（合法权利）tobenefit.

二.parentreasonablenessfollowed.

(Seem,apparent,sounding,intuitively,)

illnowbeaseven-daywaitforthejobseeker'sallowance.

3."Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon."he=奥

斯本claimed,"We'redoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplestayoff

benefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster."

句中关系解题：转折

Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingto等补助____"

主题为王

se“tosighon”（Line3,Para.2）mostprobablymeans____

［A］tocheckontheavailabilityofjobsatthejobcenter.

［B］toacceptthegovernment’srestrictionsontheallowance.

［C］toregisterforanallowancefromthegovernment.

［D］toattendagovernmentaljob-trainingprogram.

?Really？（作者观点！）

5.1）Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelives

forthebetter,

2）completewith"reforms"toanobviouslyindulgentsystem

3）that=systemdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,and

subsidizeslaziness.

sociallyconcerned关心社会！心系民众！

tivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor"fundamentalfairness"

—protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemost

deservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.

1）weweretounderstand:我们也明白，

2）Whatmotivatedhimwashiszealfor"fundamentalfairness"

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

Zeal追求！

"fundamentalfairness"？

1）protectingthetaxpayer,

2）controllingspending(控制财政支出)

3)ensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.

omptedthechancellortodevelophisscheme?

Whatmotivatedhim=Whatpromptedthechancellortodevelophisscheme

答案：hiszealfor"fundamentalfairness"

［A］Adesiretosecureabetterlifeforall.

［B］Aneagernesstoprotecttheunemployed.

［C］Anurgetobegeneroustotheclaimants.

［D］Apassiontoensurefairnessfortaxpayers.

三ajobishurting:youdon’tskipdowntothejobcenterwithasonginyourheart,

delightedattheprospectofdoublingyourincomefromthegenerousstate.

attheprospectof

nanciallyterrifying,psychologicallyembarrassingandyouknowthatsupportis

minimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.

nownotwanted;youarenowexcludedfromtheworkenvironment/thatoffers

purposeandstructureinyourlife.

,thecrucialincometofeed(养活)yourselfandyourfamilyandpaythebillshas

disappeared.

onenewlyunemployedwhattheywantandtheanswerisalways:ajob.

ingtoParagraph3,beingunemployedmakesonefeel____

Losingajobishurting

Itisfinanciallyterrifying,psychologicallyembarrassingandyouknowthatsupportisminimal

andextraordinarilyhardtoget.

［A］uneasy.

［B］enraged.

［C］insulted.

［D］guilty.

四“Osborneland”,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependency—permanent

dependencyifyoucangetit–supportedbyastateonlytooreadytoindulgeyourfalsehood.（奥

斯本观点）

Osborneland=England

indulgeyourfalsehood纵容你的谎言

falsehood和upfront构成反义！

though20yearsofever–tougherreformsofthejobsearchandbenefit

administrationsystemneverhappened.（作者观点）

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

虚拟语气（没说是谁的观点，就是作者观点！）

（其实在过去的二十年间，英国已经改革了福利系统。）

（现在的英国福利系统和奥斯本认为的纵容懒惰和谎言的福利系统已经不一样了。）

3.1）TheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthat

2）youcaninsureyourselfagainsttheriskofunemploymentandreceiveunconditional

payments

3)ifthedisaster(失业)happens.

4.1)Eventheveryphrase“jobseeker’sallowance”isaboutredefiningtheunemployedasa

“jobseeker”/

2)whohadnofundamentalrighttobenefit/

3）heorshehasearned（that=benefit）throughmakingnationalinsurancecontributions.

5.1)Instead,theclaimantreceivesatime-limited“allowance”，

2)conditionalonactivelyseekingajob:noentitlement(福利的权利)andnoinsurance,

3）at￡71.70aweek,oneoftheleastgenerousintheEU.

Instead（相反）=however

Insteadof=not

hofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablyagree？

选项定位！

［A］TheBritishwelfaresystemindulgesjobseekers’laziness.

最后一段第三句！

［B］Osborne’sreformwillreducetheriskofunemployment.

（正面评价！）所以不对！

［C］Thejobseekers’allowancehasmettheiractualneeds.

（正面评价！）所以不对！

［D］Unemploymentbenefitsshouldnotbemadeconditional.

和奥斯本的计划相反！

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

第六篇英国经济

一.firsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthanincountry.

(世界范围内！)

ainthishashadacuriousresult.

Odd=weird=strange=curious

3.1)While(虽然)pollsshowBritons（英国人）rate“thecountryside”aswhatmakes

themproudestoftheircountry,

2)alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthService（NHS）

就好像…那样！

3)this=“thecountryside”haslimitedpoliticalsupport.

RateAalongsideB,ＣandDasE

n’spublicsentimentaboutthecountryside____

Polls

［A］didn’tstarttilltheShakespeareanage.

［B］hasbroughtmuchbenefittotheNHS.

［C］isfullybackedbytheroyalfamily.

［D］isnotwellreflectedinpolitics.

=haslimitedpoliticalsupport

二.ryagoOctaviaHilllaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbut

tosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever.”

21).Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisure/

2)wheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”

’spressurelaterledtothecreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.

(政客们)don’tmakecountrysideanymore,andeveryyearconcrete（建筑）

consumesmoreofit.

（countryside）needsconstantguardianship.

ingtoParagraph2,theachievementsoftheNationalTrustarenowbeing___

［A］graduallydestroyed.

everyyearconcrete（建筑）consumesmoreofit.

［B］effectivelyreinforced.

［C］largelyovershadowed.（黯然失色）

［D］properly（恰当地）protected.

三.extelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorse(支持)this

sentiment.

Thissentiment=It（countryside）needsconstantguardianship.

servatives’planningreformexplicitly(明确)

支持乡村开发！

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givesruraldevelopmentpriority

2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

overconservation,

而不是保护乡村！

evenauthorizing（授权）“off-plan”building/wherelocalpeoplemightobject反对.

ceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.

likewise（同样的）wantstodiscontinue(停止)localplanning

/wherecouncilsopposedevelopment.

localplanning=保护乡村

planning=保护

developing=开发

eralDemocratsaresilent.

ip,sensingitsChance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsidered

approachtousinggreenland.

those（pleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland）.

Those=保护乡村的人！

paigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalConservative

parties.

struckterrorinto使…很害怕！

fthefollowingcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

［A］Labourisunderattackforopposingdevelopment.反！

［B］Theconservativesmayabandon“off-plan”building.

［C］TheLiberalDemocratsarelosingpoliticalinfluence.

［D］Ukipmaygainfromitssupportforruralconservation.

四.sibleplacetobuildnewhouses,factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare,in

citiesandtowns/whereinfrastructureisinplace（就位）.

donagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillion

housesintheLondonareaalone,withnointrusionongreenbelt.

trueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.

五.athat“housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.

Lobbytalk:游说之辞！

Lobbyist

ueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways,wheretoputthem.

obbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavorsrural-buildagainsturbanrenovationand

renewal.

rsout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.（城市商业街）

notafreemarketbutabiasedone.

ownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.

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2017考研英语真题阅读5夜10篇精读直播随堂笔记

sobest/wherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.

truinurbanconservationareas.

nruralones?

horholdsthatGeorgeOsborne’spreference___

［A］highlightshisfirmstandagainstlobbypressure.

［B］showshisdisregardforthecharacterofruralareas.

Hisdisregard不在乎！

obbypressure,GeorgeOsbornefavorsrural-buildagainsturbanrenovationand

renewal.

［C］stressesthenecessityofeasingthehousingcrisis.

［D］revealsastrongprejudiceagainsturbanareas.

不注重乡村=对乡村有偏见！而不是对城市有偏见！所以不对！

六.pmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.肆意妄为！

heNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowdedcountry.

enturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretain（保持）anenviable

ruralcoherence（原貌）,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving（低人口密度！）.

snodoubtofthealternative–thecorruptedlandscapes（景观）ofsouthern

Portugal,SpainorIreland.

ngthis（毁掉风景）ratherthanpromotingitshouldunitetheleftandrightofthe

politicalspectrum.

astparagraph,theauthorshowshisappreciationof____

Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplanninghasenabledittoretain（保持）anenviablerural

coherence（原貌）,whilestillpermittinglow-densityurbanliving（低人口密度！）.

［A］thesizeofpopulationinBritain.

［B］thepoliticallifeintoday’sBritain

［C］theenviableurbanlifestyleinBritain.

［D］thetown-and-countryplanninginBritain.

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