2024年3月11日发(作者：)

清华大学考博英语模拟试卷7

(题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Structure and Vocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4.

English-Chinese Translation 5. Writing

Structure and Vocabulary

1． The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our_____almost two

hours later.

A．designation

B．destiny

C．destination

D．dignity

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：designation“指示，指定”；destiny“命运，定数”；

destination“目的地，目标，目的”；dignity“尊严，高贵”。句意是：公共汽车

在浓雾中缓慢地移动，我们几乎两个小时后才到达目的地。

2． The negotiations which_____the signing of the treaty took place over a

number of years.

A．preceded

B．prescribed

C．proceeded

D．processed

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：precede“领先(于)，在……之前，先于”；prescribe

“规定，开处方”；proceed“进行，继续下去，发生”；process“加工，处理”。

空格处的意思是：进行协议的签署。

3． Americans are highly_____, and therefore may find it difficult to become

deeply involved with others.

A．moving

B．mobile

C．movable

D．motional

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：moving“动人的，令人感动的”；mobile“易动的，

易变的，机动的”；movable“活动的，变动的”；motional“运动的，起动的”。

空格处的意思是：美国人极好动。

4． The Untied States and Canada are lands of____except for the Indians, who

are the only true natives.

A．emigrants

B．immigrants

C．dwellers

D．inhabitants

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是:emigrant“移居外国者，移民”；immigrant“(外来)移

民，侨民”；dweller“居住者，居民”；inhabitant“居民，居住者”。空格处的意

思是：美国和加拿大是移民国家。

5． There was a noisy____at the back of the hall when the speaker began his

address.

A．interaction

B．irritation

C．disturbance

D．interruption

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：interaction“相互作用，交感”；irritation“愤怒，烦

恼，刺激物”；disturbance“干扰，骚动”；interruption“中断，打断”。空格处的

意思是：当演讲者开始演讲时，在礼堂后有一阵嘈杂的骚乱。

6． The patient is not in good condition, so do not____your visit.

A．lengthen

B．delay

C．extend

D．prolong

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：lengthten“加长，延长(一般指长度)”；delay“延迟，

延期，迟滞”；extend“扩充，延伸”；prolong“延长，拖延”。空格处的意思是：

病人的情况不太好，所以不要拖延探望时间。

7． Violence is just one of the many problems____in city life.

A．abundant

B．inherent

C．substantial

D．coherent

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：abundant“充裕的，充分的，大量的”；inherent“固

有的，内在的，与生俱来的”；substantial“实质的，真实的，充实的”；coherent

“一致的，连贯的”。空格处的意思是：暴力只是城市生活许多固有问题的其中

之一。

8． Trees that____the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down.

A．block

B．inhibit

C．spoil

D．alter

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：block“妨碍，阻塞”；inhibit“抑制，约束”；spoil

“损坏，搞糟，宠坏”；alter“改变”。空格处的意思是：遮挡迎面车流视野的树

木应该砍掉。

9． He gave his work to his friend to_____, because he found it hard to see his

own mistakes.

A．adjust

B．compile

C．revise

D．verify

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：adjust“调整，调节，校准”；compile“编辑，编纂，

收集”；revise“修改，校订”；verify“校验，核实”。空格处的意思是：他把工

作交给他的朋友去修改，因为他发现很难看出自己的错误。

10． A considerable amount of time and money has been invested in_____this

system.

A．defining

B．implying

C．reducing

D．perfecting

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：define“定义，详细说明”；imply“暗示，意味”；reduce

“减少，缩小，简化”；perfect“完善，修改，使熟练”。空格处的意思是：完善

这个系统。

11． We were frightened by the_____of the crowd.

A．hospitality

B．honesty

C．humanity

D．hostility

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：hospitality“好客，盛情”；honesty“诚实，公正。正

直”；humanity“人类，博爱，仁慈”；hostility“恶意，不友善，敌意”。空格处

的意思是：群众的敌意令我们惊恐。

12． The president’s_____remarks in his speech met with a lot of attacks from

other countries.

A．offensive

B．impressive

C．permissive

D．expressive

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：offensive“令人不快的，侮辱的，攻击性的”；impressive”

深刻的，感人的”；permissive“宽容的，放任的，许可的”；expressive“有表现

力的，富于表情的”。空格处的意思是：总统的攻击性的评论。

13． This can help to____something that the students may not have

comprehended.

A．signify

B．specify

C．testify

D．clarify

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：signify“表示，象征，预示”；specify“详细说明，

列入清单”；testify“证明，证实，作证”；clarify“澄清，阐明”。空格处的意思

是：这有助于澄清一些学生们可能不会理解的事。

14． He passed____hours in the library; he acquired information relative to the

subject he was going to expound.

A．resulting

B．resultative

C．resultful

D．resulted

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：resulting“作为结果的，因而发生的”；resultative“表

示结果的”；resultful“富有成效的，有效果的”；resulted“起因，由于”。空格处

的意思是：他在图书馆里的几小时很有成效。

15． The travel agency has a full program of____, if tourists wish to visit local

places of interest.

A．expeditions

B．excursions

C．explorations

D．propositions

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：expedition“探险队，远征”；excursion“远足，游览，

短途旅行”；exploration“踏勘，探测，探险”；proposition“建议，陈述，命题”。

空格处的意思是：旅行社有丰富的短途旅行节目。

16． The Barbie doll comes with a whole range of_____that you can dress her in.

A．outlooks

B．outlines

C．outskirts

D．outfits

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：outlook“景色，风光”；outline“轮廓”；outskirt“边

界，郊区”；outfit“配备，全套装备”。空格处的意思是：芭比娃娃带着全套设

备来了。

17． I don’t know how to interpret her remark. I think it was deliberately_____.

A．distinct

B．ambiguous

C．suspicious

D．invisible

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：distinct“明显的，截然不同的，清楚的”；ambiguous

“暖昧的，不明确的”；suspicious“可疑的，多疑的，怀疑的”；invisible“看不

见的。无形的”。空格处的意思是：我不知道怎样翻译她的评论。我想那是故意

地含糊其词。

18． Economic theory would predict that a fall in the price of a commodity

would lead to an increase in____.

A．assumption

B．resumption

C．consumption

D．presumption

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：assumption“设想，担任。假设”；resumption“再开

始，重获，恢复”；consumption“消费，消费量，痨病”；presumption“专横，

放肆，假定”。空格处的意思是：经济理论的预测，一个商品价格的下跌将导致

消费量的增加。

19． As with a human baby, you must be patient,____, and understanding of your

pet’ s mistakes.

A．tolerant

B．strict

C．obedient

D．durable

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：tolerant“容忍的，宽恕的”；strict“严厉的，严谨的，

精确的”；obedient“顺从的，孝顺的”；durable“耐久的，耐用的”。空格处的意

思是：正如对待人类的婴儿，你必须有耐心，宽容，并谅解您的宠物的错误。

20． To our disappointment, the guide also only has a slight____with Italian.

A．recognition

B．orientation

C．acquaintance

D．familiarity

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：recognition“承认，识别”；orientation“方向，倾向”；

acquaintance“了解，所知”；familiarity“通晓。熟悉”。空格处的意思是：让我

们失望的是，这个导游也只懂得一点意大利语。

21． On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is asked to____to the school

rules.

A．concede

B．conform

C．comply

D．confront

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：concede“让步，承认，退让”；conform(to)“遵守，

使遵守，使顺从”；comply(with)“遵从，答应，遵守”；confront“使面对，对抗”。

空格处的意思是：学生到校的第一天，就被要求遵守校规。

22． Once the____contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved.

A．principle

B．principal

C．potential

D．primitive

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：principle“原则，原理，主义”；principal“主要的，

首要的”；potential“潜在的，可能的，势的”；primitive“原始的，远古的，粗

糙的”。空格处的意思是：一旦主要的矛盾被抓住了，所有问题都将迎刃而解。

23． If you want to go to the concert, you’ II have to make a____, or there will

be no tickets.

A．reservation

B．punctuality

C．compliment

D．clarity

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：reservation“预约，预定”；punctuality“准时，严守

时间，正确”；compliment“致意，问候，恭维”；clarity“清楚，透明”。空格处

的意思是：如果你想要去音乐会，你得预订，否则就会没票的。

24． I arrive at nine o’ clock, teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that

is my morning____.

A．habit

B．custom

C．practice

D．routine

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：habit“习惯”；custom“风俗”；practice“实习，实践”；

routine“常规(的)都不正确”。空格处的意思是：我九点钟到，教课教到十二点半，

然后吃饭；那是我上午的例行做法。

25． David____his company’s success to the unity of all the staff and their

persevering hard work.

A．attributed

B．contributed

C．acknowledged

D．pledged

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：attributed(to)“归因于”；contributed(to)“捐献”；

acknowledged“承认”；pledged“保证”。空格处的意思是：大卫说他们公司之所

以获得成功是由于全体员工的团结和坚持不懈努力工作的结果。

26． You’ve been talking with David all evening when you ought to be____with

other guests.

A．blending

B．integrating

C．mingling

D．incorporating

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：blend“混合”；integrate“结合，使成一体”；mingle

“(使)混合”；incorporate“合并，混合，组成公司”。空格处的意思是：当你应

该与其他客人结为一体时，你却整晚都在与大卫讨论。

27． I asked my mother if I could go out, and she____.

A．descended

B．contented

C．consented

D．ascended

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：descend“下降，遗传”；content“满足的，满意的，

愿意”；consent“同意，赞成，允诺”；ascend“攀登，上升”。空格处的意思是：

我问妈妈我是否能出去，她同意了。

28． The room is so____with furniture-----that it is hard to move about.

A．muddled

B．cluttered

C．distributed

D．scattered

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：muddled“混乱的”；cluttered“杂乱”；distributed“分

布的”；scattered“分散的”。空格处的意思是：乱七八糟地堆着旧家具。

29． Can’t you speak more____to your parents?

A．respectably

B．respectingly

C．respectively

D．respectfully

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：respectably“体面地，高尚地，可观地，相当地”；

respectingly“关系，说到”；respectively“分别地，各个地”；respectfully“尊敬

地，谦恭地”。空格处的意思是：难道你对父母说话时不能再尊敬些吗?

30． Some____good luck brought us nothing but trouble.

A．seemingly

B．satisfactorily

C．uniformly

D．universally

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：seemingly“表面上地，看来似乎，表面上看来”；

satisfactorily“令人满意地”；uniformly“一律地，均一地”；universally“普遍地，

全体地，到处”。空格处的意思是：一些表面上的幸运只会给我们带来 麻烦。

31． He____his old car for a new one as soon as he had won the prize.

A．replaced

B．converted

C．exchanged

D．interchanged

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：replace“取代，替换”；convert“转变”；exchange“交

换”；interchange“相互交换”。空格处的意思是：他一赢得了奖金就用一辆新车

替换了原来的旧车。

32． He is a very____character; he is never relaxed with strangers.

A．self-confident

B．self-conscious

C．self-evident

D．self-serving

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：self-confident“自信的”；self—conscious“害羞的”；

self-evident“明显的”；self-serving“自私的”。空格处的意思是：他是一个非常

害羞的人，与陌生人在一起从来不能轻松自如。

33． Yon’II find that the community has____great changes since you were here

last time.

A．submitted

B．sustained

C．perceived

D．undergone

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：submit“提交，递交”；sustain“支撑，撑住，维持”；

perceive“感知，感到，认识到”；undergone“经历。遭受”。空格处的意思是：

经历了很大的变化。

34． You don’t have to____yourself. I think you did the right thing putting your

mother in a nursing home.

A．justify

B．hinder

C．indulge

D．appoint

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：justify“证明……正当，为……辩护”；hinder“阻碍，

打扰”；indulge“纵容，放任，迁就”；appoint“指定，任命，委任”。空格处的

意思是：你不必为自己辩护。

35． If prisoners behave well,they are allowed the____of visiting their families at

the weekend.

A．equality

B．security

C．privilege

D．prestige

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：equality“等同性，平等”；security“防护物，保安，

安全”；privilege“特别待遇，基本公民权力，特权”；prestige“声望，威望，威

信”。空格处的意思是：获得周末探望家人的特权。

36． Despite his____as a trouble-maker, he was promoted to department manger.

A．repetition

B．repression

C．reputation

D．representation

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：repetition“循环，复制品，重复”；repression“镇压，

抑制”；reputation“名声，声望”；representation“表现，陈述”。空格处的意思

是：尽管他有麻烦制造者的名声，但是他仍然晋升为部门经理。

37． It was obvious that she and her husband were____and she wished she’ d

never married him.

A．insolvable

B．insensible

C．inseparable

D．incompatible

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：insolvable“不能溶解的，不能解决的”；insensible“无

同情心的，无知觉的”；inseparable“不能分的”；incompatible“性质相反的，矛

盾的，不调和的”。空格处的意思是：她和她的丈夫矛盾重重。

38． The new law allows you to____payment if you think a bill is incorrect.

A．withhold

B．withdraw

C．wither

D．withstand

正确答案：A

解析：各项的意思是：withhold“拒给，保留”；withdraw“收回”；wither

“枯萎，衰退”；withstand“抵挡”。空格处的意思是：如果你认为账单有错误，

新的法律允许你拒付。

39． It was a real____when Susan came back from her vacation and told us she

had married a local waiter.

A．comfort

B．shock

C．attack

D．impact

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：comfort“安慰，舒适，安慰者”；shock“震惊，冲击，

突击”；attack“抨击，批评，攻击”；impact“冲击，影响”。当苏珊休假回来告

诉我们她嫁给了一个本地服务员时，我们都感到震惊。

40． To celebrate the national day, there was a____fireworks display.

A．specific

B．spectacular

C．speculative

D．specialistic

正确答案：B

解析：各项的意思是：specific“明确的，特殊的，特效的”；spectacular“引

人人胜的，壮观的”；speculative“思索性的，投机的”；specialistic“专家的，专

攻的”。空格处的意思是：本题是说为了庆祝国庆节，会有一场壮观的烟火表演。

Reading Comprehension

A World Without Books Or Music If books had never been discovered,

man would have found some other way of recording his communication. But then,for

our consideration,we should include as books everything that is a written record. This

would include tablets,papyrus and anything else—including computer diskettes. In the

case of music,it would be impossible to think that man can live without it. Looking at

primitive cultures, it appears that music is actually a part of the human psyche. When

two things are knocked together, music is produced. So for the sake of our

discussion,it is intended to restrict the meaning of music to the popularly accepted

concept. Music is the pleasing combination of sounds that we like to listen to.

Though it is difficult to,we can pretend that these things never existed. In this case we

would not miss them today. To compare with recent inventions, let us look at radio

and television Though we cannot think of life without them today, this is so only from

comparatively recent times. There are many of us living today who had seen a time

when there was no television. They will tell us that life was not that much different.

The same is probably true of radio. But books are a different thing because they, or

something akin to them,began thousands of years ago. In the case of music,it goes

back even further-perhaps to millions of years, we may be able to imagine a world

which never saw books,because books are a human invention. However, in the case of

music this does not seem possible. Pleasing sounds are all around us,like the singing

of the birds and the whistling of the wind. Music just seems to be inborn in us and in

the world around us. If books did not exist,the world will be a poorer place indeed.

Great philosophies like Plato’s would become unknown and all the pleasures and

lessons we could get from them will be lost forever. Then there is literature like the

works of the great masters like Shakespeare,Dickens and Jane Austen. What a so

sombre,miserable world it will be without the pleasures of reading. Since there are so

many other things which depend on reading—like plays,songs and movies—we can

expect them to disappear also. It would be a dark and unsatisfying world where

knowledge is not propagated;where there are no books to derive pleasure from. In

the case of music,without it the world will be bleak and cold indeed. It would be a

terrible world with no cheery tunes ,no songs to sing and no great music to lose

ourselves in. A world which does not listen to the music of the great masters like

Chopin and Beethoven would be a very sorry world. There will not be so many smiles

on faces anymore. When we lose music,an expression of a deep part of ourselves—

from the soul—is lost. With music,connected activities like dancing will be lost too. A

world without music and dancing will bring us back to the Stone Age. Unlike

radio,television,telephones and computers,reading and music are not mere

conveniences that we can live without. Reading is crucial for self-expression and for

passing on records and knowledge to future generations. Music is part of our very

soul. A world without these will not be the world as we know it. In fact,many of us

would not want to live in such a world.

41． Music is part of the human psyche because_____.

A．it is part of primitive culture

B．it is something we like to listen to

C．it always strikes a chord with us

D．it has been produced since ancient times

正确答案：D

解析：语义理解题。根据上下文判断。“Music just seems to be inborn in us and

in the world around us．”即音乐似乎是与生俱来的一种东西，所以本题选D。

42． According to the passage,life without television and radio would be_____.

A．essentially the same

B．very different

C．quite boring

D．spiritually more satisfying

正确答案：A

解析：语义理解题。根据上下文判断。“There are many of us living today who

had seen a time when therewas no television．They will tell us that life was not that

much different．The same is probably true of radio．”即我们中的许多人都曾经历

过一段没有电视的日子。他们可以告诉我们，与现在相比，那时的生活没有很大

的不同。而没有收音机的生活也一样。所以，本题选A。

43． It is impossible to imagine a world without music because_____.

A．music like books is a human invention

B．it is crucial for self-expression

C．enjoyable sounds exist in our environment

D．plays,songs and movies depend on it

正确答案：C

解析：语义理解题。根据上下文判断. “Pleasing sounds are all around us;like

the singing of the birdsand the whistling of the wind．Music just seems to be inborn in

us and in the world around us．”我们无时无处不被诸如鸟鸣或风啸等悦耳的声音

所包围着，所以我们无法想象一个没有音乐的世界将会变成怎样。在我们和我们

周围的世界中，音乐似乎是与生俱来的一种东西。所以，本题选C。

44． A world without books would be_____.

A．bleak and cold

B．a very sorry world

C．dreadfully unsatisfying

D．dark and dull

正确答案：C

解析：语义理解题。根据上下文判断。本题侧重于书籍承传历史和给人带来

娱乐的作用，即“It would be adark and unsatisfying world where knowledge is not

propagated；”所以，本题选C。

45． Why is music something that we cannot live without?

A．Because it is a convenience like the Internet.

B．Because we will lose a deep part of ourselves.

C．Because we won’t have smiles on our faces anymore.

D．Because philosophies like Plato’s would not exist.

正确答案：C

解析：语义理解题。根据上下文判断。“When we lose music，an expression of

a deep part of ourselves一from the soul—is lost．”当我们失去音乐，我们就好像

失去了心灵深处的表达方式。即音乐是我们心灵，我们灵魂的一部分。所以，本

题选C。

The high unemployment rates of the early 1960s occasioned a spirited

debate with,in the economics profession. One group found the primary cause of

unemployment in slow growth and the solution in economic expansion. The other

found the major explanation in changes that had occurred in the supply, and demand

for labor and stressed measures for matching demand with supply. The

expansionist school of thought, with the Council of Economic Advisers as its leading

advocates, attributed the persistently high unemployment level to a slow rate of

economic growth resulting from a deficiency of aggregate demand for goods and

services. The majority of this school endorsed the position of the Council that tax

reduction would eventually reduce the unemployment level to 4% of the labor force

with no other assistance. At 4%, bottlenecks in skilled labor, middle-level manpower,

and professional personnel were expected to retard growth and generate wage-price

pressures. To go beyond 4% ,the interim goal of the Council, it was recognized that

improved education,training and retraining,and other structural measures would be

required. Some expansionists insisted that the demand for goods and services was

nearly satiated and that it was impossible for the private sector to absorb a significant

increase in output. In their estimate,only the lower-income fifth of the population and

the public sector offered sufficient outlets for the productive efforts of the potential

labor force. The fact that the needs of the poor and the many unmet demands for

public services held higher priority than the demands of the marketplace in the value

structure of this group no doubt influenced their economic judgments. Those who

found the major cause of unemployment in structural features were primarily labor

economists,concerned professionally with efficient functioning of labor markets

through programs to develop skills and place individual workers. They maintained

that increased aggregate demand was a necessary but not sufficient condition for

reaching either the CEA’s 4% target or their own preferred 3%. This pessimism was

based, in part on the conclusion that unemployment among the young,the unskilled,

minority groups, and depressed geographical areas is not easily attacked by increasing

general demand. Further, their estimate of the numbers of potential members of the

labor force who had withdrawn or not entered because of lack of employment

opportunity was substantially higher than that of the CEA. They also projected that

increased demand would put added pressure on skills already in short supply rather

than employ the unemployed,and that because of technological change,which was

replacing manpower, much higher levels of demand would be necessary to create the

same number of jobs. The structural school,too,had its hyperenthusiasts:Fiscal

conservatives who,as an alternative to expansionary policies,argued the not very

plausible position that a job was available for every person, provided only that he or

she had the requisite skills or would relocate. Such extremist positions aside,there was

actually considerable agreement between two main groups,though this was not

recognized at the time. Both realized the advisability of a tax cut to increase demand,

and both needed to reduce unemployment below a point around 4%. In either case,the

policy implications differed in emphasis and not in content.

46． The author’s treatment of the “hyperenthusiasts” can best be described as

one of_____.

A．tolerance

B．appreciation

C．dismissal

D．sarcasm

正确答案：D

解析：推断题。问作者的语气如何。A项“容忍”；B项“赞扬”；C项“不

予理会”；D项“嘲讽”。作者对财政保守派一方面可以增加就业机会但落实不到

实处的态度有点讽刺意味，所以选D。

47． According to the was a good deal of agreement between the

expansionist and structuralist theories on_____.

A．how to reduce unemployment in the 1960s

B．how to reduce unemployment to 4 percent

C．what role the government played in reducing unemployment

D．how to eliminate structural deficiencies

正确答案：B

解析：主旨题。A项“如果降低60年代的失业率”；B项“如何将失业率降

至4％”；C项“政府在降低失业率中所起的作用”；D项“如何消除结构性缺陷”。

最后一段中“Both realized the advisability of a tax cut toincrease demand and both

needed to reduce unemployment below a point around 4％”表明两组人群都认为

4％的失业率是评价其对社会的影响的分水岭，故选B。

48． Although they agreed that an increase in demand was necessary to reduce

unemployment, the expansionists argued that____.

A．importance should be attached to structural measures such as education and

training

B．politically conservative policies should be made in the effort to reduce

unemployment

C．a tax cut would not be sufficient to help to create increased demand

D．government spending to increase demand should fund programs for lower

income groups and public services

正确答案：B

解析：主旨题。虽然他们都认为需求的增加时必要的，但扩张主义者认为“该

思想体系内的大多数人都同意顾问委员会的立场”，即仅通过减税(而不通过其他

援助)就可以将最终失业率降至4％。故选B。

49． The author discounts the value of the expansionists’ judgment by pointing

out that it_____.

A．was not borne out with sufficient information

B．was colored by their political viewpoint

C．was not made from a professional point of view

D．was deemed to be impractical and thus incorrect

正确答案：D

解析：主旨题。事实上，穷人的需求和公用业务的未被满足的需求，比这一

群体的价值结构对市场的需求的优先级要高，毫无疑问，这一因素直接影响了他

们的经济判断能力。故选B。

50． It can be inferred that the hyperenthusiasts contended that____.

A．the problem of unemployment could be solved with government retraining

and education programs

B．the number of people unemployed was greatly overestimated by the Council

of Economic Advisers

C．the poor had a greater need for expanded government, services than the more

affluent portion of the population

D．fiscal policies alone were powerful enough to reduce the jobless rate to 4

percent of the work force

正确答案：A

解析：推断题。最后一段中，作者提到这些潜在热心者认为每个人可获得的

工作机会并不是非常合理的，工作仅会提供给有所需技能的求职者，且如果该求

职者无此技能，那么这个工作就会分配给其他人员。故求职者想要解决就业问题

需要经过再就业培训。

When most people think about changing their body shape,they usually focus

on just losing weight. Books and magazines about dieting are among the most popular

in the world. Dieting is an important part of staying fit and healthy,but losing weight

by means of dieting takes time; losing weight too fast can cause great health problems.

Dieting means changing one’s eating habits to a healthier pattern,but many women

mistake the concept of dieting and think that the less one eats,the better. As a

result,they lose health as well as weight. Aerobic exercise is a moderate intensity

workout that, over a certain period of time,will improve the body’s use of oxygen.

Nowadays aerobic exercise has become a very trendy workout among youths. Not

only is performing aerobic exercise interesting,but it is also very beneficial for health.

There are different types of aerobics like jogging,swimming,kickboxing,fitness

walking,inline skating,bicycling,etc. Aerobics strengthens the heart and lungs. It is

also especially popular with women. But neither of these two methods,dieting and

aerobics,can help shape the body. To do this you need to build muscle. So, if a firmer

and shapelier body is your goal,60 percent of your exercise routine should involve

strengthening moves,and only 30 percent should be aerobic exercises. For a

proper body-shaping routine,you should plan three strength-training sessions a week

with weights. Use weights which are as heavy as possible while still allowing you to

do 8 to 12 reps of each exercise. Do one to three exercises for each muscle groups-for

example,chest and biceps,or back, shoulders and triceps. You should combine this

with fast-paced aerobics activities,like swimming,cycling,walking,running, or in-line

skating, plan three to four workouts a week, 15 to 20 minutes each,increasing the pace

each week. As you build muscle,you may find that you gain weight in spite of all

of your calorie-burning exercise. Don’t worry. It’s probably muscle, which is denser

than fat. And muscle is also a calorie-burning tissue. With more muscle,you can burn

more calories, even when you are not exercising. When you are trying to build

muscle,you need two to three serving of protein a day,but the main part of your diet

should be carbohydrates. And in order to get the energy you need for a high-intensity

workout, you should eat something,especially carbohydrates,an hour or so before your

workout. While weight training will firm and shape your body, it has other

benefits too. It improves bone and muscle strength and burns calories,leading to

improved health and a higher quality of life.

51． Which of the following is NOT true about dieting?

A．Dieting is about changing one’s eating habits.

B．Dieting does not necessarily mean eating less than one used to.

C．Dieting does not necessarily mean losing weight.

D．Losing weight is bound to cause great health problems.

正确答案：D

解析：题目问：关于节食下列哪项不正确?文章提到“…losing weight too fast

can cause great health problems．”通过这句话可知，减肥太快可能会导致重大健

康问题，但不是说只要减肥就会使健康受到损害。所以，答案是D。

52． “Workouts”include all the following except____.

A．bicycling

B．dieting

C．weight training

D．aerobic exercise

正确答案：B

解析：题目问：“训练模式”不包括下列哪项?通过文章内容可知，骑自行车，

有氧训练和剧中训练都是“训练模式”。所以，答案是B。

53． Which of the following is NOT one of the suggestions given in the passage?

A．Exercise should be done for each major group of muscles.

B．When you do weight-training,the weights you use should be as heavy as

possible.

C．Go on a proper diet for muscle-building.

D．Muscle-building exercise should be combined with aerobic activities.

正确答案：B

解析：题目问：下列哪项不是文章给出的建议?文章提到“Use weights which

are as heavy as possible while still allowing you to do 8 to 12 reps of each exercise．”

通过这句话可知，尽可能使用重的杠铃，但同时你还能在每次锻炼中做8到10

次。但这不是说杠铃越重越好。所以，答案是B。

54． Which of the following is NOT true?

A．Muscle-building exercise results in weight-gaining,but that is not a problem to

worry about.

B．Muscle helps one keep fit.

C．Improved muscle strength can lead to a higher quality of life.

D．Weight-training helps shape up you body.

正确答案：C

解析：题目问：下列哪项不正确?文章虽提到“It improves bone and muscle

strength and burns calories，leading to improved health and a higher quality of

life．Improved muscle strength．”通过这句话可知，体能训练改善了骨骼和肌肉

的力量，燃烧卡路里，从而改善健康状况，提高生活质量。生活质量的提升不是

因为肌肉力量的增加。所以，答案是C。

55． What’s the ultimate purpose of strength-training with weights?

A．To increase the pace of your aerobic exercise.

B．To burn more calories and lose weight.

C．To build muscle and lose weight.

D．To shape your body and make your life more enjoyable.

正确答案：D

解析：题目问：体能训练的最终目的是什么?通过文章最后一段内容可知。

体能训练改善了骨骼和肌肉的力量，燃烧卡路里，从而改善健康状况，提高生活

质量。最终的目的就是锻炼身体，从而使得生活变得更加有趣。所以，答案是D。

Developing a peaceful,understanding,and supportive relationship between

parents and children is not an easy task. Failures can and do occur at any age level,and

at times the results are the abuse,neglect, and even death of children. Child abuse

has become a major topic in child development and an issue of much national concern.

In the span of four legislative years, 1963-1967,all fifty states enacted laws calling for

the reporting of injuries inflicted on children. By 1973,the United States Congress

passed the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (Public Law 93-247). This law

not only reflected the mood of concerned citizens,but it also did much to clear up the

confusion and disagreement over what is child abuse. The question “what causes

child abuse? “has prompted much debate. The single most persistent myth which had

plagued efforts to understand causes is the notion that parents who abuse children are

mentally disturbed or ill. Although there is no specific psychiatric diagnosis which

comprises the behavior and personalities of abuser,they seem to share a common style

of child rearing. Those parents demand high levels of child performance and they

often use severe physical punishment to ensure the child’s proper behavior. Abusive

parents themselves were raised In similar family situations and their own childhood

experience has a lasting influence on their behavior as adults. Current research

has suggested,however,that the”abuser is sick”hypothesis is too limited. A broader

social,psychological approach recognizes that some personal problems are implicit

but that psychological factors arise out of a social context. Social factors include

unemployment,social isolation,and unwanted pregnancy. Moreover,findings that

abuse occurs more frequently in larger families and families with low income,poor

education,and low occupational status suggest that many such parents cannot

withstand the twenty-four-hour-a-day responsibility to raise and care for their children.

These problems aggravate the situation,especially when combined with the general

approval in our culture of violence.

56． This selection suggests that child abuse is____.

A．a growing problem whose causes are not fully understood

B．caused primarily by the mental illness of parents

C．a problem in the United States,but a greater one in Europe

D．easily determined because of recent public laws

正确答案：A

解析：题目问：这一选段表明，虐待儿童是怎样的?细节判断题。第二段第

一句”Child abuse has become a major topic in child development and an issue of

much national concern．”第三段首句“The question‘what causes child abuse?’has

prompted much debate．”通过这段话可知，虐待儿童已经成为孩子成长过程中的

一个重要话题，也成了整个国家关注的焦点。但是什么导致了虐待儿童这一问题

已经引起了诸多争论。所以，答案是A。

57． We can know from the second paragraph that the law passed by 1973____.

A．received little attention from the public

B．was condemned by abusive parents

C．was aimed to expand welfare programs of the United States

D．helped much in clarifying the problem

正确答案：D

解析：题目问：从第二段我们可以知道，1973年通过的法律怎么样?第二段

最后两句“By 1973，the United States Congress passed the Child Abuse Prevention

and Treatment Act(Public Law 93—247)．This lawnot only reflected the mood of

concerned citizens，but it also did much to clear up the confusion anddisagreement

over what is child abuse．”通过这段话可知，在1973年，美国国会通过了《虐待

儿童的预防和治疗法(公法93—247))。这部法律不仅反映出市民的忧心忡忡，而

且它解决了人们在“什么是虐待儿童”这个问题上困惑和分歧。据此判断，答案

是D。

58． The person who is least likely to be a child-abusing parent is the one

who____.

A．was raised in abusive family situations himself

B．creates a peaceful and supportive family environment for his children

C．is unemployed or socially isolated

D．is mentally ill

正确答案：B

解析：题目问：哪类家长最不可能虐待孩子?第三段“Abusive parents

themselves were raised in similar family situations and their own childhood

experience has a lasting influence on their behavior asadults．”通过这句话可知，父

母本身如果受到虐待，那么他们可能也会虐待自己的孩子。第四段“abuseOccurs

more frequently in larger families and families with low income，poor education，and

low occupational status．”通过这句话可知，如果父母失业或者经济地位低下，他

们很可能找孩子出气。第三段内容提到，如果父母精神有问题，虐待孩子的可能

性比较大。据此判断，答案是B。

59． Which one of the following is most probably a cause of child abuse?

A．Too high an income of the parents.

B．Unemployment of the parents.

C．Poor health of the child.

D．Peculiar personalities of the child.

正确答案：B

解析：题目问：以下哪一项最有可能成为虐待儿童的原因?通过最后一段可

知，研究表明，“虐童行为”更频繁发生在人口较多的家庭、低收入家庭、父母

教育程度低的家庭、父母职业地位低的家庭。据此判断，答案是B。

60． Which of the following statements is the author likely to agree with?

A．Violence on TV may contribute lo child abuse.

B．Medical doctors are largely lo blame for unreported cases of child abuse.

C．The media should not describe the details of child abuse cases.

D．Violence in our society is acceptable unless children are victims.

正确答案：A

解析：作者可能会同意以下哪项叙述?最后一段“These problems aggravate the

situation，especially when combined with the general approval in our culture of

violence．”通过这句话可知，这些问题加剧了“虐童现象”，再加上我们文化中

得到普遍认可的暴力行为．这种情况就更严重了。据此判断。答案是A。

Cloze

A major reason for conflict in the animal world is territory. The male animal

establishes an area. The size of the area is sufficient to provide food for him,his mate

and their offspring. Migrating birds,for example,used up the best territory in the order

of’first come,first【C1】______. “The late arrivals may acquire【C2】

______territories,but less food is they are too close to the【C3】______of

the enemies of the species.【C4】______there is really insufficient food or the danger

is very great,the animal will not【C5】______. In this way,the members of the species

which are less fit will not have offspring. When there is conflict【C6】

______territory,animals will commonly use force,or a show of force,to decide which

will stay and which will go. It is interesting to note,【C7】______.that animals seem to

use only the minimum amount of force【C8】______to drive away the intruder. There

is usually no killing. In the case of those animals which are capable of【C9】

______each other great harm,【C10】______is a system for the losing animal to show

the winning animal that he wishes to submit. When he shows this,the victor normally

stops fighting.

61． 【C1】

A．use

B．serve

C．served

D．used

正确答案：C

解析：first come，first served“先到先得”；serve“为……尽力，招待，侍候”。

根据句意可知，应选择C。

62． 【C2】

A．larger

B．better

C．smaller

D．worse

正确答案：A

解析：在这个句子中，后面有less food及too close to，此处larger与其形成

对照。应选择A。

63． 【C3】

A．caves

B．nests

C．residences

D．habitats

正确答案：D

解析：各项的意思是：habitat“(动、植物生长的)自然环境”；cave“岩洞，

洞穴”；nest“安息处，鸟巢”；residence“住处，指人类的居住场所”。根据句意

可知，应选择D。

64． 【C4】

A．Neither

B．If

C．Since

D．Because

正确答案：B

解析：根据句意，此处应选择if，其他选项都不符合。答案是B。

65． 【C5】

A．breed

B．produce

C．mate

D．compete

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：breed“(动物)生产，下蛋”；produce“产生；结(果实)”；

mate“(使)成伙伴，(使)成配偶”；compete“比得上，匹敌”。根据句意可知，应

选择C。

66． 【C6】

A．for

B．over

C．with

D．by

正确答案：B

解析：conflict over sth．“在……方面存在冲突”。是固定搭配。根据句意可

知，应选择B。

67． 【C7】

A．moreover

B．henceforth

C．however

D．yet

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：moreover“况且，并且”；henceforth“从今以后，今

后”；however“无论如何，不管怎样”；yet“还，现在还是”。根据句意可知，

应选择C。

68． 【C8】

A．compulsory

B．essential

C．necessary

D．vital

正确答案：C

解析：各项的意思是：necessary“必要的，强迫的”；compulsory“必修的，

被强制的”；essential“基本的，实质的”；vital“生命的，至关重要的”。根据句

意可知，应选择C。

69． 【C9】

A．doing

B．made

C．given

D．sending

正确答案：A

解析：do sb．harm／do harm to sb．“对某人造成伤害”。根据句意可知，应

选择A。

70． 【C10】

A．this

B．that

C．it

D．there

正确答案：D

解析：此处为there be结构，表示”有”。答案是D。

English-Chinese Translation

71． Scientists,those who are endowed with peculiar capability of thinking and

analysis and with endless patience in observing and data collecting,always try hard to

discern the nature and seek for the regularity over the disorderly appearance.

正确答案：科学家是一小群努力洞悉自然，在表面的杂乱无序中寻求规律的

人，他们具有特殊的能力进行思考与分析，具有无限的耐心进行观察与收集数据。

72． The most significant problems we were confronted at that time were the

shortage of skilled laborers, the lack of qualified university teachers in the training of

those skilled laborers,and the decline in the capability of doing researches in colleges

due to the want of teachers and modern conveniences in education and scientific

research.

正确答案：当时我们面临的最关键问题是熟练劳动力的缺乏，用以培训这种

劳动力的大学师资不足，以及我们的大学中由于教育和科研的师资和现代化设备

短缺造成的研究能力衰退。

73． Science always pays attention to practicality. It involves the conscientious

quest for truth and permits of no deceit;what’s more, it requires hard working.

Meanwhile, it needs one’s creation and imagination. Only when one has the ability of

imagination could he break the bonds of tradition,and thus develop the science.

正确答案：科学是讲求实际的。科学是老老实实的学问，来不得半点虚假，

需要付出艰巨的劳动。同时，科学也需要创造，需要幻想，有幻想才能打破传统

的束缚，才能发展科学。

74． Never lose heart if you fail in the career that is done in your own right.

There is a different world between “ I have failed three times “and “lama loser”. As

long as you do not think negatively of yourself and do not identify yourself with the

failure,but always try to learn something from the failure,you will be likely to succeed

in the future.

正确答案：如果你着手干一番事业却失败了，不要丧失信心。“我失败了三

次”与“我是一个失败者”之间有着天壤之别。只要你对自己不持否定的想法，

不把自己与失败等同起来，而是试图从失败中吸取教训，你很可能在未来取得成

功。

Writing

75． You are to write a composition of no less than 250 words and do your

composition neatly on the Answer Sheet. Your composition should be based on the

following topic: My view on the Internet

正确答案： My View on the Internet As we all know, many

people like to work on the Internet. Of course, it can bring us many good things. We

can learn more knowledge outside our books, practice our spoken English with

someone else and relax ourselves by playing games. Also, we can order books, clothes,

tickets and so on through the Internet. Thus, our lives become more and more

convenient because of the Internet. At the same time, it can bring us some bad

things as well. For example, when surfing the Internet, we’ll suffer from myopia

because our eyes can’t rest. Some people spend too much time on playing online

games or chatting on the Internet, which can result in the internet addiction, and has a

great negative impact on physical and mental health of young people. Someone have

been swallowed by the network. In addition, the Internet even becoms one of the

reasons of the crime. So we should know clearly the two aspects of the Internet in

our lives. Observing what is good and rejecting what is bad on the Internet is one of

the best ways to make use of it.