2024年3月9日发(作者：)

英语音标发音、拼读规则汇总

6条自然拼读规则

1、元音字母

在

重读音节

中的读音

元音字母

在开音节中

a

在闭音节中

在开音节中

e

在闭音节中

在开音节中

i

在闭音节中

读 音

例 词

[ei]

name plane Jane baby cake

[æ]

bag dad hat map black back

[i:]

he these me Chinese

[e]

bed let pen desk yes egg

[ai]

bike fly drive time nice kite

[i]

fish big drink sit milk swim

在开音节中

[ou]

those close go hoe home no

o

在闭音节中

[

]

clock not box shop sock

在开音节中

[ju:]

student excuse duty Tuesday

u

在闭音节中

[

]

bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节

中，

元音字母

u在

辅音字母

j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler

super

2、元音字母

在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母

a

读 音

[

]

[i]

[

]

[i]

例 词

China another woman breakfast

orange comrade village cabbage

hundred student open weekend

chicken pocket begin children

e

i

[

]/[i]

holiday beautiful family animal

[ai]

[

]

[

u]

[

]

[ju:]

exercise satellite

second tonight somebody welcome

also zero photo

autumn diffcult

popular congratulation January

o

u

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母

j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influenc

e February issue

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母

a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]

音。

3、元音字母

在

重读音节

中的特殊读音

元音字母

a在[w]音后面

a在f n sk ph sp ss

st th前

i在-nd -ld和gh前

o在-st -ld前

o在m n v th前

读 音

例 词

[

]

want what watch wash quality

[α:]

after plant graph ask grasp glass fas

t father

[ai]

find child light high

[ou]

most postcard old cold

[

]

come monkey love mother

4、-r音节元音字组

在

重读音节

中的读音

元音字组

ar

ar在[w]音后面

or

or在[w]音后面

er ir ur

读 音

例 词

[α:]

car farm dark sharpener

[

:]

warm quarter towards

[

:]

forty morning short

[

:]

word worker worse

[

:]

certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭

音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[

]音，例如：

dollar teacher martyr forge

t Saturday

5、-re音节元音字组

在

重读音节

中的读音

元音字组

are

ere

ire

ore

ure

读 音

[ε

]

[i

]

[ai

]

[

:]

[ju

]

care dare hare

here mere

fire hire wire

more score before

pure cure

例 词

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[

]

音，例如：

picture pleasure

重读元音字母

加Rr，再加非重读

元字组

时，重读

元音字母

应按-re音节拼读规则

拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。

例如：parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音

短化现象。

例如：orange very American paragraph

6、元音字组

在

重读音节

中的读音

元音字组

ai/ay

air

al

al在f m前

读 音

例 词

[ei]

afraid rain wait day play

[ε

]

air hair chair pair repair

[

]

small ball talk wall all

[

:l]

always also salt almost

[α:]

half calm

au/aw

[

:]

autumn daughter draw

[i:]

teach easy cheap please

ea

[e]

heavy bread sweater weather

[ei]

break great

[i

]

hear dear near clear year

ear

[ε

]

bear pear wear swear

[

:]

earth learn early

ee

eer

ei/ey

eu/ew在

j l r s后

ie/ei[s]音之后

oa

oar/oor

oi/oy

oo

[i:]

jeep week green three

[i

]

pioneer deer beer

[ei]

eight neighbour they

[i:]

either

key

[ju:]

new few newspaper

[u:]

flew brew jewelry

[i:]

piece field receive

[ou]

coat Joan boat goal

[

:]

roar board door floor

[

i]

noise point boy toilet

[u:]

broom food tooth school

[u]

book look cook foot good

[au]

flower house count down

ou/ow

[ou]

know row throw though

[

]

young country enough

[u:]

group you soup

[

:]

course your four

our

[au

]

our hour ours

[

:]

journey

ui

在j l r s后

[ju:i]

fluid suicide tuition

[u:]

juice fruit suit

7、非重读音节中元音字组

和

字群

的读音

元音字组

或

字群

ai/ay ei/ey

ow

读 音

[i]

例 词

Sunday foreign monkey

[ou]

yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组

在非重读音节中读[]音或[i]。

例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion

-sion在元音字母后

-tion在s后

-sten

-stle

[

n]

[

n]

[

n]

impression nation

vision decision occasion

question suggestion

[sn]

listen

[sl]

whistle

-sure

-ture

[

]

[

]

pleasure measure

picture culture

8、元字组

在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母

或

元音字

组

仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。

例如：

everyday[ei]

handbag[æ]

blackboard[

:]

有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融

合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。

例如：

sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday[i] 星期天

holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday[i] 假日

break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[

] 早餐

cup茶杯 + board木板[

:] ＞ cupboard[] 碗柜

9、辅字组

的读音

辅字组

b

读 音

[b]

[/]

bike bus bag

bomb tomb

例 词

c

c在e前或在i/y前

[k]

[s]

[

]

cake picture coat music

face decide cinema

much chick rich teacher

school headache chemistry

machine Chicago

cock pocket black knock

doctor bread hand day

bridge fridge

children driver drink

five four breakfast

bag gardon go

orange large German

cough enough

light daughter high

guess league dialogue

language anguish

hot head house hand

hour honest

jeep jar joke join July

kind bike skate make week

ch

[k]

[

]

-ck

d

-dge

dr-

f

g

g在e i/y前

gh

gu- -gue

gu在非重读音节中

h

j

k

[k]

[d]

[

]

[dr]

[f]

[

]

[

]

[f]

[/]

[

]

[

w]

[h]

[/]

[

]

[k]

kn-

l

m

-mn

n

n在[k] [g]音前

-ng

p

ph

q

qu-

r

s在词首或清辅音前

元音字母间或浊辅音前

sc-

sh

t在通常情况下

在弱读字母ia ie io前

tch

[n]

[l]

[m]

[m]

[n]

[

]

[

]

[p]

[f]

[k]

knife know knock

life milk school tall

monkey come autumn

autumn column solemn

not shine ten note

uncle thank hungry

morning young wrong

paper plane pig ship pen

elephant photo telephone

Iraq

[kw]

quality quite

[r]

[s]

[z]

[sk]

[s]

[

]

[t]

[

]

[

]

red rubber ruler

sit sleep desk

music husband

scarlet

muscle science

she fish shirt wash

ten letter meet

patient nation

watch

th在通常情况下

在冠词 代词 介词 连词中

在词尾-the -ther中

tr-

v

w

wh-

wh-在字母o前

x

在重读元音前

wr-

y-

z

[θ]

[

]

[

]

[tr]

[v]

[w]

[/]

[w]

[h]

[ks]

[gz]

[r]

[j]

[z]

thin thirty method

the these with than

clothe father weather

tree train country truck

very voice love leave

week win wake sweet wait

answer two

what when white why

who whose whole

box text exercise

examle exist exact

write

yes yard yellow young

puzzle zero zo