2024年4月19日发(作者：俄罗斯轰炸)

高级英语词汇区别总结

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2009-10-12 09:39 来源：未知 编辑： admin 点击： 615 次

作者： 英语巴士 xuxinhuan

1. mix blend

Mix: 意为多种成分的混合，各构成成分失去自身的存在

Blend: 指可和谐共存的事物的混合

Oil and water do not mix.

These two colors blend well.

2. rambling rumbling

Rambling: 指（建筑物、街道）布局零乱的。

Rumbling: 指发生隆隆声

There are some rambling houses.

Listen! There is gun-fire rumbling in the distance.

3. relevant relative

Relevant: 意为切题的、恰当的、有重大关系的、有意义的逻辑联系

Relative: 着意于一物受他物影响而产生的依赖的关系。

The witness ’s testimony is not relevant to the case.

Market values are always relative to the demand.

4. exhilarate exasperate

Exhilarate: 意为使高兴

Exasperate:激怒，使烦恼。

I was exhilarated by her visit.

I was exasperated by all the noise.

5. jumble clutter

Jumble: 指不相同的东西混合在一起，混杂；

Clutter: 指许多物品堆挤在一起，散乱，杂乱。

His thoughts were all jumbled.

His desk is always cluttered.

6. terrified terrifying

Terrified: 意味着一种被恐惧镇住的紧张心情；

Terrifying: 指（声音、现象）本身具有令人恐怖的因素。

The terrified mother watched the dog attack her child.

What a terrifying voice.

7. contemptuous

种看法表现出来

Contemptible: 指任何能引起鄙视或嘲笑的事物，往往指首先或行为准则。

She gave a contemptuous laugh.

The indifference of the on-lookers was really contemptible.

8. evade dodge

contemptible

Contemptuous: 指认为某物或某人卑鄙、无耻或毫无价值，并实际上也把这

Evade: 指巧妙地躲避、逃脱，也指避免（充分、诚实）地回答问题

Dodge: 指与他人无害的，为了避免面对某人或某事而想出来的巧妙办法。

You shouldn ’t evade paying tax due.

He dodged the falling rock and escaped unhurt.

9. intrude invade

Intrude: 常指侵犯别人的隐私，有时指无意和突然的侵入

Invade: 指用武装力量很快地侵入别人的领地。

The man was embarrassed at finding that he had intruded on the young lovers.

Hilter invaded Poland.

10. prevent withhold

Prevent: 预防、防止，它适用于人力所及范围，指运用强有力的或暴力的阻

止手段，阻止反对某事。

Withhold: 意为“抵制”，“拒绝给予”

These rules are intended to prevent accident.

The company decided to withhold payment until they had completed the

construction of the building.

11. incredible incredulous

Incredible: 表被动意义，指不能令人相信的，难以置信的；

Incredulous: 表示怀疑的

What she was achieved is incredible to us.

There is an incredulous look on his face.

12. sympathy empathy

Sympathy: 意为协调或共鸣，用于物时脂相互的影响，用于人时通常指精神

上的共鸣，或指志趣爱好的投合；

Empathy: 指感情移入，具有了解别人之感觉或动机的能力。

I ’m glad to find that we are in perfect sympathy.

I have empathy for the mother.

13. content contented

Content: 只作表语，表示某种程度上的满足

Contented: 表示心满意足，不想再多要。

He was content that the thing had happened.

Don’t be contented with little success.

14. perseverance persistence

Perseverance:含不屈不挠和执着的意味， 强调积极的忍耐， 运用耐力排除各

种困难

Persistence:指坚持不懈，也含有固执的意义。

That shows his perseverance in the face of hardship.

She accepted his persistence in pressing the invitation.

15. moral morale

Moral: 主要指道德、品行、寓意

Morale: 主要指军队士气、精神面貌

He has no morals and will do anything for money.

The team ’s morale was hhiagfter the victory.

16. separate segregate

Separate:指使原先合在一起的东西分开，也可以指从中隔开，常和

配，有时还有区别开的意思。

Segregate:指把两个团体或把一组人整体隔离，常指种族或宗教上的隔绝。

The Atlantic separates Europe from America.

The doctor decided to segregate people with infectious disease.

17. embitter agitate

from 搭

Embitter: 使苦恼，怨恨，使痛苦

Agitate: 使激动，使狂躁不安，使焦虑。

She was embittered by her many disappointments.

He was much agitated about his father

18. noncommittal tentative

’s health.

Noncommittal: 指在（争论，讨论中）不表示确定意见或立场，态度不明朗

Tentative: 是指试验性质，尝试性的，（凭）推测的，暂时性的。

She gave me a noncommittal answer

It is just a tentative explanation.

19. scrub scrape

Scrub: 指用力擦洗，擦净，一般用水、毛巾、刷子等。

Scrape: 指用工具刮，刮削，削掉，刮磨。

He is scrubbing the floor.

Before eating, scrape the mould from the surface.

20. ingenuous

心计之义。

Ingenious: 指人机灵的，主要指头脑聪明，有发明的才能。

She gave ingenuous answers to all his questions.

He has an ingenious mind.

21. grudge malice

ingenious

Ingenuous: 多指人的性格、行为等坦白、直率的，并含有天真、单纯，没有

Grudge: 指对个人所怀有的恶意， 通常暗示因受到某种实际的或想像的轻蔑

或侮辱而产生的怨恨，并且常常暗示进行报复的决心；

Malice: 通常指根深蒂固的并且常常毫无道理或无法解释的恶意或怨恨，时

常带有内心乐于做坏事，伤害他人，看到他人受苦之义。

I always feel she has a grudge against me, although I don

I ’ve done her .

There was no malice intended in what she said.

22. shrewd

实际的

Cunning: 强调运用智力来狡诈行骗，通常反映的是一种低层次的才智或恶

劣的道德品质。

He is a shrewd business man.

cunning

’t know what wrong

Shrewd: 指天生聪明的、机灵的，具有神奇洞察力的，通常也指精明而讲究

The thief was very cunning.

23. pitiful sympathetic

Pitiful: 形容人或物可怜的，令人同情的

Sympathetic: 表示出于同情的，表示同情的。

The pitiful old lady died in a winter morning.

He was obviously sympathetic over what had happened.

24. anguish melancholy

Anguish: 指（精神、心灵）极度痛苦，悲痛

Melancholy: 形容内在的气质和经常的愁眉苦脸不是由外部原因引起的，这

是一种习惯性的忧郁、 低沉，而事实上并非有什么不愉快的事， 它表现的是一种

感伤而不是痛苦。

She was in anguish over her missing child.

He gave me a melancholy smile.

25. stumble

而行驶

Tumble: 指摔倒，滚翻，跌跤，坠落。

He stumbled over the edge of the carpet and fell.

She tripped and tumbled down the stairs.

26. on the whole as a whole

tumble

Stumble: 绊跌，绊脚，强调被。。。绊倒之意，也指跌跌撞撞地走，蹒跚

On the whole: 总的看来，大体上，指对多个事物权衡后得出结论

As a whole: 作为一整体，整个看来，前面往往有一个表示集体意义的名词。

I think, on the whole, we had better stay at home.

The temperature for the country as a whole is relatively high.

27. confine limit

Confine: 强调禁止或不能通过的边界， 常表达严格的约束、 遏制的含义， 并

带有限制、束缚、阻碍或抵制等含蓄意义；

Limit: 表示限制， 通常指对时间、 空间、数量、能量或产品等预先做出规定。

He is confined to his berth by seasickness.

Try to limit your talk to ten minutes.

28. justifiable justified

Justifiable: 指在法律和道义上可证明为正当的，无可非议的，情有可原的

Justified: 指有理由，合情合理的，正当的。

What he did just now was hardly justifiable.

He is fully justified in leaving the matter at that.

29. difficulty adversity

Difficulty: 指任何困难

Adversity: 通常指严重的或连续的不幸，厄运或灾难

She has great difficulty in understanding him

In his adversity, I ever prayed that God would give him strength.

30. conserve preserve

Conserve: 指使保存完全、不受损，也表明被保存的对象，一旦用完就很难

再有别的替代物了，含节省、节约之意。

Preserve:指想办法保存起来或保持原样，它强调的是抵制破坏因素的想法。

We should try our best to conserve forests.

All countries should preserve the world peace.

31. unconcerned unbent

Unconcerned: 漠不关心的，无忧虑的

Unbent: 不顺从的，不屈服的，松弛的，放松的。

He is unconcerned with politics.

She was unbent after the exam.

32. keep from

Keep to: 局限于

He keeps from alcohol and tobacco.

She kept to herself in the ship and would speak to no one.

33. go to pieces break to pieces

Go to pieces: 瓦解，（在身体、精神、道德方面）崩溃，垮掉；

Break to pieces: 成为碎片。

She went to pieces when her husband died.

The glass fell and was broken to pieces.

34. falter waver

keep to

Keep from: 避开，阻止，防止，克制

Falter: 表示因犹豫或恐惧等原因而声音颤抖或支吾结巴；

Waver: 强调犹豫不决，目的不明，也表示看得见、摇晃、不稳定的运动过

程。

His voice faltered as he tried to speak.

She is wavering between going to a film and staying at home.

35. nervous fidgety

Nervous: 指敏感易激动的，担心的，担忧的

Fidgety: 指手脚或身体不停地动以至烦躁，不能潜心工作，常由紧张、无聊

引起。

She was so nervous till her son came back.

Towards the end of the day the pupils become fidgety.

36. flick pluck

Flick: 指（鞭或指尖等）轻击，轻弹

Pluck: 意为摘，抓，拉。

He flicked the dust from his hat.

He plucked her to drag her away from the crowd.

37. put down put off

Put down: 贬低、奚落，使窘迫

Put off: 使不高兴，使泄气，使对。。。失去兴趣。

She is always putting her husband down.

The accident put him off driving.

38. resemblance similarity.

Resemblance:相似之处，相似程度，形似物，肖像，画像。

Similarity ：相仿性，类似性，类似处，相仿处。有时暗指不同之处可忽略。

He bears a striking resemblance to his father.

We are going to explore some of the similarities and differences between British

and American English.

39. customary habitual

Customary: 指有特色的，形容通常的或流行的做法、传统、用法等。

Habitual: 形容人习惯形成的品质或行为。

It is customary to give people gifts on their birthday.

She gave me a habitual smile.

40. differentiate

别

differ

Differentiate: 表示通过仔细比较事物的特征或特点察觉出事物间的特殊差

Differ: 指意见、观点相反，缺乏共同点。

What is it that differentiates these two substances?

The detective asked us why our versions of the accident differed.

41. excel surpass

Excel: 常与 at, in 连用，多指在某些好的或令人羡慕的事物上及技能上比他

人更优越、更杰出。

Surpass: 指在数量上或程度上超出， 也可以表示在能力上或素质上比他人优

越。

He excels all of us in tennis.

I surpass my classmates in knowledge of history.

42. poverty impoverishment

Poverty: 指贫穷，贫困，也可以指各种形式、不同程度的经济贫困

Impoverishment：指人的精力耗尽，土地的肥力或事物的效益丧失等。

They are still living in grinding poverty.

Crop rotation has prevented the soil from impoverishment.

43. tiresome

物的反应。

Tiring: 形容引起疲劳的事物，含客观意义。

He is a tiresome child who won

It has been a tiring climb.

44. tremble jerk

’t do what he ’s told.

tiring

Tiresome: 指因某事无聊无趣，使人提不起精神而容易感觉疲劳，是人对事

Tremble: 指人因恼怒、恐怖或激动等缘故而不能自己时人体不自主地抖动，

也指一种快速的、轻微的抖动，但含不安、心绪不宁之义。

Jerk: 指有力、突然而粗暴的动作。

Her hands trembled with eagerness as she opened the letter.

The bus jerked to a sudden stop.

45. to one ’s feeotn one ’s feet

To one ’s fee指t: 起来。

On one’s fee指t: 站立，起立，行走，也指（经历困境后）恢复，（病后）

复原。

He struggled to his feet.

They all tried their best to get the company back on its feet.

46. burden

添麻烦

Load: 指大量给予，由于过剩使人感到多余，成为负担。

He was burdened with too many responsibilities.

It loaded him with reproaches.

47. creditable credible

load

Burden: 指使人感到痛苦，难忍的，强加的负担，也指给心理上和精神上增

Creditable: 值得赞扬的，带来荣誉的，可尊敬的

Credible: 指（人、话）可信的，可靠的。

What you did just now was creditable.

He is a credible witness.

48. reasonable judicious

Reasonable:指人或其行为通情达理，合理的，明智的

Judicious： 明智而审慎的，有见地的，意味着能够区分事实和假相，能够

摆脱倾向性。

He said his wife was a reasonable woman.

The doctor ’s decision to operate proved to be judicious.

49. docile obedient

Docile: 强调生性愿意屈服于权威的性格，可以用于人或动物，特别着重于

可教育性。

Obedient: 表示顺从某个人或某种权利， 这种顺从是出于对某种权威的接受。

It is a docile horse.

We sat down, obedient to the wishes of Oliver.

50. questionable problematical

Questionable: 指事物真正值得怀疑、批评或剖析

Problematical: 仅指没有把握，说不准，成问题，未定的。

It is a questionable foreign policy.

Their success is problematical.

51. grab grasp

Grab: 经常表示用力或使用暴力，含有无视他人权利或社会准则，公然地或

不择手段地去得到自己想要的东西

Grasp： 表示用手或牙齿紧紧抓住咬住。

They grabbed her the arm and forced her into their car.

He grasped the rope with both hands.

52. rugged dogged

Rugged: 常指人外表粗犷而身体强健、能吃苦耐劳的

Dogged: 用于人或其特性，表示在困难面前不屈不挠。

The race is a rugged one.

In spite of his weakness, a dogged determination helped him to win the race.

53. conscious conscientious

Conscious: 指自己意识到某事，也可指有意的或自愿的行为

Conscientious: 形容人们主动遵守道德规范，并借以指导自己的行为。

I was not conscious of having made a mistake.

She is a conscientious teacher.

54. amenity

件。

Ambience: 仅指一种气氛，格调，强调周围的环境。

We went south to enjoy the amenity of a warm climate.

The poem reflects the upbeat ambience of life.

55. unfailing lasting

ambience

Amenity: 特别指使人愉快的温和或柔和，还指令人舒适且方便的设备或条

Unfailing: 表示经久不衰的，不倦的，用不完的，无穷无尽的，永恒的。

Lasting: 表示持久的，耐久的状态，强调潜在的能达到无穷尽的能力状态。

This game will give you unfailing pleasure.

All countries should try their best to realize lasting peace of the world.

56. weigh weight

Weigh: 表示压力，负担，指痛苦、恐惧、焦虑等因素对精神构成压力，使

人感到压抑沮丧；

Weight: 指在某些方面增加额外重量和压力，不包括在精神上增加负担。

He is weighed with responsibilities beyond his capacity.

He weighted his walking-stick with lead.

57. respectable respectful

Respectable:含被动性,意为”可敬的 ”,体”面的 ”;

Respectful: 含主动性,意为恭敬的

The professor is also a respectable old man.

The boys were well mannered and respectful toward grown-ups.

58. common

指共同的。

Ordinary: 指与通常的、习惯的情形相一致的。

He suffers the inflation common to all.

Her ordinary tone of voice is very loud.

59. intolerable intolerant

ordinary

Common: 指最常见的，大部分人都有的，都什么特别的，众所周知的，也

Intolerable: 指不能忍受的，无法容忍的，含被动意义

Intolerant: 指不容忍的，不容异己的，偏执的，含主动意义的。

The pain of the headache was intolerable.

Colonial rulers were intolerant of popular movements.

60. preeminent prominent

Preeminent: 指因出类拔萃而突出，意为“超群的，最好的”

Prominent: 指人或事物因明显突出于周围环境而广为人知，意为“突出的，

重要的。”

He was the preeminent painter of taste in his era.

He is a prominent figure in the city.

61. accompany company

Accompany: 指陪伴者与被陪伴者是地位相同的关系

Company: 指陪同，陪随；使（别人）不感孤独。

He accompanied his girlfriend to go shopping.

May fair winds company your safe return.

62. reverse adverse

Reverse: 背面，对立面；逆转，挫折

Adverse：敌对的，不得的，相反的

The truth is just the reverse.

Do you have any adverse opinions?

63. even equal

Even: 指均等的，平均的，相等的，平衡

Equal: 指体积、数量、数目、程度、价值等的相同，没有区别，后面常接

介词 to

They divided the money in even shares.

Twice three is equal to six.

64. shameful shameless

Shameful: 意为可耻的，丢脸的，不道德的，强调说话人的态度，表达了说

话人对所形容对象的义愤。

Shameless:意为无耻的，不要脸的，尤其在道德方面

This is a shameful conduct.

It was a shameless play.

65. grievance grief

Grievance: 指委屈，冤情，怨愤，不满

Grief: 脂悲伤，悲痛，不幸，灾难。

I think you have several saved-up grievances.

She had to hide her griefs.

66. daunt discourage

Daunt：指在需要能力的时候被吓倒或屈服、气馁、恐惧

Discourage: 表示通过使人失去对某事的热情或减弱人对某事的目的意识来

阻止或抵制其行动，也表示实际存在的摸得着的障碍，使行动非常困难。

The exam questions were rather daunting.

The bad weather discouraged us from climbing the mountain.

67. induce tempt

Induce：意为引诱、劝，指用讲道理方法让某人做某事

Tempt: 引诱，诱惑，使很想做，多指使对方脱离正轨，干蠢事。

Advertisements induce people to buy.

He was tempted into making a false step.

68. imaginary imaginative

Imaginary: 指想象的，虚构的

Imaginative: 是对想象力的利用，指想象力丰富的，新主意多的。

Ghosts are imaginary.

The teacher was looking for imaginative answers.

69. twist crooked

Twist; 意为缠绕、盘旋的，扭歪的，成畸形的

Crooked: 意为不直的，弯曲的，指不合标准的偏离。

He is twisted up with fear and jealousy.

There is an old woman with a crooked back.

70. force compulsion

Force: 指武力、暴力，意思同 violence

Compulsion: 指借助影响或武力等某人施加的压力，也可指某种难以控制

的，失去理智的强烈欲望。

The thief took the money from the old lady by force.

A defeated country usually signs a treaty of peace under compulsion.

71. tremble

抖动。

Shiver; 指快速而轻微的抖动，尤其是指由于寒冷、恐惧等原因所致的快速

而轻微的抖动，这是肌肉的短暂抖动，也指事物突然地抖动。

She is trembling with excitement.

Such thoughts may make you shiver at first.

72. desirable desired

shiver

Tremble: 主要指人因恼怒、恐怖或激动等缘故而不能自己时人体不自主地

Desirable：表示值得向往的，值得拥有的，有利的，可取的

Desired: 表示渴望，要求，请求。

It was a desirable job.

She desired him to wait.

73. varied variable

Varied: 表多变的，各式各样的。

Variable: 可变的，易变的。

We all should enjoy the varied life.

The speed of the windscreen wipers is variable.

74. transcript manuscript

Transcript: 抄本，副本

Manuscript: 手稿，原稿，草稿。

She asked for a transcript of the old man

A novel still in manuscript

75. purge clean

Purge: 意为清除或净化不纯的、邪恶的或外来的东西。

Clean: 去掉脏、污的东西，使保持干净，如通过洗，除灰等方式恢复清洁。

The people wished to purge their sins.

She is cleaning off the table.

76. instinctive

反应行为虎作伥

Intrinsic: 指人或事内部自然存在的品德或价值与外界分开的、不受任何影

响的。

Climbing is instinctive in monkeys.

Do you know the intrinsic value of this gem?

77. occupy preoccupy

Occupy: 使忙碌，使（头脑）全神贯注，含占据，不愿让别的事物干扰之意

Preoccupy: 使全神贯注， 使入神，含正在思考眼前之事， 以致出现新要求时，

思想不能立刻扭转之意。

Many cares and anxieties occupied his mind.

The topic preoccupied me all weak.

78. imitate mimic

Imitate: 指学某个东西的核心部分，但在细节上却不一定一样

Mimic: 指学别人的模样，尤其是为了逗乐或潮讽。

The young writer tried to imitate Hemingway.

The boy made all his friends laugh by mimicking the teacher

way of talking.

intrinsic

’s will.

Instinctive: 意为本能，即动物和人天生特有的自动的、 非理性的、 下意识的

’s slow and solemn