2024年4月18日发(作者：win98启动盘下载)

2021年考研英语英译汉翻译真题附答案和解析

Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually

sounds like a useful，ground-clearing way to start.

（71）Actually，it isnt，because it assumes that there is an

agreed account of human rights，which is something the world

does not have.

On one view of rights，to be sure，it necessarily follows

that animals have none.72）Some philosophers argue that rights

exist only within a social contract，as part of an exchange of

duties and ore，animals cannot have

idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is

absurd，for exactly the same reason，so is the idea that tigers

have r，this is only one account，and by no means

an uncontested denies rights not only to animals but also

to some people—for instance，to infants，the mentally incapable

and future addition，it is unclear what force

a contract can have for people who never consented to it:how

do you reply to somebody who says“I dont like this contract?”

The point is this without agreement on the rights of people，

arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.（73）It leads

第 1 页

共 9 页

the discussion to extremes at the outset:it invites you to think

that animals should be treated either with the consideration

humans extend to other humans，or with no consideration at

is a false to start with another，more

fundamental question:is the way we treat animals a moral issue

at all?

Many deny it.（74）Arguing from the view that humans are

different from animals in every relevant respect，extremists

of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral

regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a

mistake—a sentimental displacement of feeling that should

properly be directed to other humans.

This view，which holds that torturing a monkey is morally

equivalent to chopping wood，may seem bravely“logical.”In fact

it is simply shallow:the ethical equivalent of learning to

crawl—is to weigh others interests against one s in

turn requires sympathy and imagination:without which there is

no capacity for moral see an animal in pain is

enough，for most，to engage sympathy.（75）When that happens，

it is not a mistake:it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning

in action，an instinct that should be encouraged rather than

laughed at.

第 2 页

共 9 页

解析：

71) Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is

an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world

does not have.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分为三段：Actually, it isn't, because it

assumes / that there is an agreed account of human rights, /

which is something the world does not have.第二、句子主干结

构是主从复合句。

1)because引导原因状语从句

2)that引导宾语从句，从句中是存在句结构there is an agreed

account of human rights,

3)which从句的先行词是human rights，something后面是定语

从句the world does not have.

第三、词的处理：

Actually 事实上

it主语代词，根据上下文意思这种问法，这种说法，isn't后面

省略的词应该是so或true

an agreed account 约定的看法，共同的认识

human rights 人的权利，人权

第 3 页

共 9 页

完整的译文：

事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同的认识

为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。

72) Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within

a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and

entitlements.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分为三段：Some philosophers argue / that

rights exist only within a social contract, / as part of an

exchange of duties and entitlements.

第二、句子的结构：

1)主干结构是主从复合句：Some philosophers

2)that引导的是宾语从句

3)as 是宾语从句中的rights的主语补足语。

第三、词的处理：

argue 论证

a social contract 社会契约

as part of 作为(是)……的一部分

entitlements 利益，权利

完整的译文：

有些哲学家论证说，权利只存在社会契约中，是责任与利益相交

换的一部分。

第 4 页

共 9 页

73) It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it

invites you to think that animals should be treated either with

the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no

consideration at all.

句子分析：

第一、句子可以拆分为三段：It leads the discussion to

extremes at the outset: / it invites you to think that animals

should be treated / either with the consideration humans extend

to other humans, or with no consideration at all.

第二、句子的结构是：

1)it invites you to 后面是宾语从句。

2) animals should be treated ,

要么……要么……，是表示选择的方式状语。

3)the consideration后面的humans extend to other humans

是定语。

第三、词的处理：

leads ...to extremes 引向极端

at the outset 从一开始

invites you to think 使人们认为

consideration 关切，体谅

humans extend to other humans 人对待人

完整的译文：

第 5 页

共 9 页