2023年7月3日发(作者：)

Linux⽇志系统-03：logrotate主配置⽂件详解logrotate主配置⽂件详解⼀、logrotate主配置⽂件/etc/# see "man logrotate" for details# rotate log files weekly#所有的⽇志⽂件，每周滚动⼀次weekly

# keep 4 weeks worth of backlogs#⽇志发⽣滚动后，指定备份⽇志⽂件保存多少个副本（权限不变）rotate 4

# create new (empty) log files after rotating old ones#是否创建⼀个空的新的⽇志⽂件create

# use date as a suffix of the rotated file#指定滚动⽂件的后缀是当前⽇期dateext

# uncomment this if you want your log files compressed#是否对滚动后的⽇志进⾏压缩#compress

# RPM packages drop log rotation information into this directory#加载⼦配置⽂件include /etc/logrotate.d

#####上⾯是全局配置，下⾯是局部配置###### no packages own wtmp and btmp -- we'll rotate them here#指定对特定的⽇志⽂件的滚动规则/var/log/wtmp {

monthly #⼀⽉滚动⼀次

create 0664 root utmp #指定滚动后创建的新⽂件的权限为0644，数组为root，属组为utmp

minsize 1M #指定⽂件的值⼩于1M不滚动

rotate 1 #指定保留⼏个备份副本

}

/var/log/btmp {

missingok #如果⽇志⽂件不存在发送错误消息 monthly create 0600 root utmp rotate 1

}

# system-specific logs may be also be configured here.⼆、主配置⽂件参数详解PS：配置⽂件中的更多参数可⽤man logrotate查看 compress Old versions of log files are compressed with gzip(1) by default. See also nocompress. compresscmd Specifies which command to use to compress log files. The default is gzip(1). See also compress. uncompresscmd Specifies which command to use to uncompress log files. The default is gunzip(1). compressext Specifies which extension to use on compressed logfiles, if compression is enabled. The default follows that of the configured compression command. compressoptions Command line options may be passed to the compression program, if one is in use. The default, for gzip(1), is "-6" (biased towards high compression at the expense of speed). If you use a different compression command, you may need to change the compressoptions to match. copy Make a copy of the log file, but don't change the original at all. This option can be used, for instance, to make a snapshot of the current log file, or when some other utility needs to truncate or parse the file. When this option is used, the create option will have no effect, as the old log file stays in place. copytruncate Truncate the original log file to zero size in place after creating a copy, instead of moving the old log file and optionally creating a new one. It can be used when some program cannot be told to close its logfile and thus might continue writing (appending) to the previous log file forever. Note that there is a very small time slice between copying the file and truncating it, so some log‐ ging data might be lost. When this option is used, the create option will have no effect, as the old log file stays in place. create mode owner group, create owner group Immediately after rotation (before the postrotate script is run) the log file is created (with the same name as the log file just rotated). mode specifies the mode for the log file in octal (the same as chmod(2)), owner specifies the user name who will own the log file, and group specifies the group the log file will belong to. Any of the log file attributes may be omitted, in which case those attributes for the new file will use the same values as the original log file for the omitted attributes. This option can be disabled using the nocreate option. createolddir mode owner group If the directory specified by olddir directive does not exist, it is created. mode specifies the If the directory specified by olddir directive does not exist, it is created. mode specifies the mode for the olddir directory in octal (the same as chmod(2)), owner specifies the user name who will own the olddir directory, and group specifies the group the olddir directory will belong to. This option can be disabled using the nocreateolddir option. daily Log files are rotated every day. dateext Archive old versions of log files adding a date extension like YYYYMMDD instead of simply adding a number. The extension may be configured using the dateformat and dateyesterday options. dateformat format_string Specify the extension for dateext using the notation similar to strftime(3) function. Only %Y %m %d %H and %s specifiers are allowed. The default value is -%Y%m%d except hourly, which uses -%Y%m%d%H as default value. Note that also the character separating log name from the extension is part of the dateformat string. The system clock must be set past Sep 9th 2001 for %s to work correctly. Note that the datestamps generated by this format must be lexically sortable (i.e., first the year, then the month then the day. e.g., 2001/12/01 is ok, but 01/12/2001 is not, since 01/11/2002 would sort lower while it is later). This is because when using the rotate option, logrotate sorts all rotated filenames to find out which logfiles are older and should be removed. dateyesterday Use yesterday's instead of today's date to create the dateext extension, so that the rotated log file has a date in its name that is the same as the timestamps within it. delaycompress Postpone compression of the previous log file to the next rotation cycle. This only has effect when used in combination with compress. It can be used when some program cannot be told to close its logfile and thus might continue writing to the previous log file for some time. extension ext Log files with ext extension can keep it after the rotation. If compression is used, the com‐ pression extension (normally .gz) appears after ext. For example you have a logfile named and want to rotate it to instead of . hourly Log files are rotated every hour. Note that usually logrotate is configured to be run by cron daily. You have to change this configuration and run logrotate hourly to be able to really rotate logs hourly. ifempty Rotate the log file even if it is empty, overriding the notifempty option (ifempty is the default). include file_or_directory Reads the file given as an argument as if it was included inline where the include directive appears. If a directory is given, most of the files in that directory are read in alphabetic order before processing of the including file continues. The only files which are ignored are files which are not regular files (such as directories and named pipes) and files whose names end with one of the taboo extensions, as specified by the tabooext directive. mail address When a log is rotated out of existence, it is mailed to address. If no mail should be generated by a particular log, the nomail directive may be used. mailfirst mailfirst When using the mail command, mail the just-rotated file, instead of the about-to-expire file. maillast When using the mail command, mail the about-to-expire file, instead of the just-rotated file (this is the default). maxage count Remove rotated logs older than days. The age is only checked if the logfile is to be rotated. The files are mailed to the configured address if maillast and mail are configured. maxsize size Log files are rotated when they grow bigger than size bytes even before the additionally specified time interval (daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly). The related size option is similar except that it is mutually exclusive with the time interval options, and it causes log files to be rotated with‐ out regard for the last rotation time. When maxsize is used, both the size and timestamp of a log file are considered. minsize size Log files are rotated when they grow bigger than size bytes, but not before the additionally speci‐ fied time interval (daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly). The related size option is similar except that it is mutually exclusive with the time interval options, and it causes log files to be rotated without regard for the last rotation time. When minsize is used, both the size and timestamp of a log file are considered. missingok If the log file is missing, go on to the next one without issuing an error message. See also nomissingok. monthly Log files are rotated the first time logrotate is run in a month (this is normally on the first day of the month). nocompress Old versions of log files are not compressed. See also compress. nocopy Do not copy the original log file and leave it in place. (this overrides the copy option). nocopytruncate Do not truncate the original log file in place after creating a copy (this overrides the copytrun‐ cate option). nocreate New log files are not created (this overrides the create option). nocreateolddir olddir directory is not created by logrotate when it does not exist. nodelaycompress Do not postpone compression of the previous log file to the next rotation cycle (this overrides the delaycompress option). nodateext nodateext Do not archive old versions of log files with date extension (this overrides the dateext option). nomail Do not mail old log files to any address. nomissingok If a log file does not exist, issue an error. This is the default. noolddir Logs are rotated in the directory they normally reside in (this overrides the olddir option). nosharedscripts Run prerotate and postrotate scripts for every log file which is rotated (this is the default, and overrides the sharedscripts option). The absolute path to the log file is passed as first argument to the script. If the scripts exit with error, the remaining actions will not be executed for the affected log only. noshred Do not use shred when deleting old log files. See also shred. notifempty Do not rotate the log if it is empty (this overrides the ifempty option). olddir directory Logs are moved into directory for rotation. The directory must be on the same physical device as the log file being rotated, unless copy, copytruncate or renamecopy option is used. The directory is assumed to be relative to the directory holding the log file unless an absolute path name is speci‐ fied. When this option is used all old versions of the log end up in directory. This option may be overridden by the noolddir option. postrotate/endscript The lines between postrotate and endscript (both of which must appear on lines by themselves) are executed (using /bin/sh) after the log file is rotated. These directives may only appear inside a log file definition. Normally, the absolute path to the log file is passed as first argument to the script. If sharedscripts is specified, whole pattern is passed to the script. See also prerotate. See sharedscripts and nosharedscripts for error handling. prerotate/endscript The lines between prerotate and endscript (both of which must appear on lines by themselves) are executed (using /bin/sh) before the log file is rotated and only if the log will actually be rotated. These directives may only appear inside a log file definition. Normally, the absolute path to the log file is passed as first argument to the script. If sharedscripts is specified, whole pattern is passed to the script. See also postrotate. See sharedscripts and nosharedscripts for error handling. firstaction/endscript The lines between firstaction and endscript (both of which must appear on lines by themselves) are executed (using /bin/sh) once before all log files that match the wildcarded pattern are rotated, before prerotate script is run and only if at least one log will actually be rotated. These direc‐ tives may only appear inside a log file definition. Whole pattern is passed to the script as first argument. If the script exits with error, no further processing is done. See also lastaction. lastaction/endscript The lines between lastaction and endscript (both of which must appear on lines by themselves) are executed (using /bin/sh) once after all log files that match the wildcarded pattern are rotated, executed (using /bin/sh) once after all log files that match the wildcarded pattern are rotated, after postrotate script is run and only if at least one log is rotated. These directives may only appear inside a log file definition. Whole pattern is passed to the script as first argument. If the script exits with error, just an error message is shown (as this is the last action). See also firstaction. preremove/endscript The lines between preremove and endscript (both of which must appear on lines by themselves) are executed (using /bin/sh) once just before removal of a log file. The logrotate will pass the name of file which is soon to be removed. See also firstaction. rotate count Log files are rotated count times before being removed or mailed to the address specified in a mail directive. If count is 0, old versions are removed rather than rotated. size size Log files are rotated only if they grow bigger then size bytes. If size is followed by k, the size is assumed to be in kilobytes. If the M is used, the size is in megabytes, and if G is used, the size is in gigabytes. So size 100, size 100k, size 100M and size 100G are all valid. sharedscripts Normally, prerotate and postrotate scripts are run for each log which is rotated and the absolute path to the log file is passed as first argument to the script. That means a single script may be run multiple times for log file entries which match multiple files (such as the /var/log/news/* example). If sharedscripts is specified, the scripts are only run once, no matter how many logs match the wildcarded pattern, and whole pattern is passed to them. However, if none of the logs in the pattern require rotating, the scripts will not be run at all. If the scripts exit with error, the remaining actions will not be executed for any logs. This option overrides the nosharedscripts option and implies create option. shred Delete log files using shred -u instead of unlink(). This should ensure that logs are not readable after their scheduled deletion; this is off by default. See also noshred. shredcycles count Asks GNU shred(1) to overwrite log files count times before deletion. Without this option, shred's default will be used. start count This is the number to use as the base for rotation. For example, if you specify 0, the logs will be created with a .0 extension as they are rotated from the original log files. If you specify 9, log files will be created with a .9, skipping 0-8. Files will still be rotated the number of times specified with the rotate directive. su user group Rotate log files set under this user and group instead of using default user/group (usually root). user specifies the user name used for rotation and group specifies the group used for rotation. If the user/group you specify here does not have sufficient privilege to make files with the ownership you've specified in a create instruction, it will cause an error. tabooext [+] list The current taboo extension list is changed (see the include directive for information on the taboo extensions). If a + precedes the list of extensions, the current taboo extension list is augmented, otherwise it is replaced. At startup, the taboo extension list contains .rpmsave, .rpmorig, ~, .dis‐ abled, .dpkg-old, .dpkg-dist, .dpkg-new, .cfsaved, .ucf-old, .ucf-dist, .ucf-new, .rpmnew, .swp, .cfsaved, .rhn-cfg-tmp-* weekly [weekday] Log files are rotated once each weekday, or if the date is advanced by at least 7 days since the last rotation (while ignoring the exact time). The weekday intepretation is following: 0 means Sunday, 1 means Monday, ..., 6 means Saturday; the special value 7 means each 7 days, irrespectively of weekday. Defaults to 0 if the weekday argument is omitted. yearly Log files are rotated if the current year is not the same as the last rotation.