2024年4月16日发(作者：)

Unit4单词讲义

heritage

词性：名词

中文意思：遗产，传统

英文释义：something that is passed down from an ancestor or a previous generation, especially

to the present and future generations

词源：来自古法语heritage，意为“继承”

例句：The ancient ruins are a part of our cultural heritage.

固定搭配：cultural heritage（文化遗产）

近义词：legacy, tradition

awe

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：敬畏，惊叹

英文释义：a feeling of respect mixed with fear or wonder

词源：来自古英语awiian，意为“使害怕”

例句：The beauty of the sunset filled us with awe.

固定搭配：in awe of（敬畏，钦佩）

近义词：admiration, reverence

civilization

词性：名词

中文意思：文明，文化

英文释义：the state of being civilized, especially in terms of social organization and material

progress

词源：来自拉丁语civilisatio，意为“城市化，文明化”

例句：The ancient Egyptians were known for their advanced civilization.

固定搭配：ancient civilization（古代文明）

近义词：culture, society

preserve

词性：动词

中文意思：保护，保存

英文释义：to protect something from harm or danger, or to keep it in its original state

词源：来自古法语preserver，意为“保护”

例句：We must take measures to preserve the environment.

固定搭配：preserve one's health（保持健康）

近义词：protect, conserve

urgent

词性：形容词

中文意思：紧急的，迫切的

英文释义：needing immediate attention or action; pressing or important

词源：来自拉丁语urgentem，意为“催促的”

例句：It is urgent that we finish this project by tomorrow.

固定搭配：urgent matter（紧急事项）

近义词：pressing, critical

pyramid

词性：名词

中文意思：金字塔

英文释义：a structure with a square or triangular base and sloping sides, that tapers to a point at

the top

词源：来自古希腊语的πυραμίς (pyramis)，意为“粮食”。因为古埃及人相信死后的灵

魂需要食物，所以他们在墓穴中放置了大量的粮食。后来，这种形状逐渐演变成了金字塔。

例句：The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Seven Wonders of the World.

固定搭配：pyramid scheme（传销）

近义词：tomb, mausoleum

ruin

词性：名词/动词

中文意思：废墟；毁灭；使破产

英文释义：a destroyed or decayed building; to cause something to be destroyed or lost

词源：来自古英语的rūian，意为“破碎，倒塌”。

例句：The earthquake left the city in ruins.