2024年4月12日发(作者:)
高考英语常考动词与动词短语总结
一、及物动词与不及物动词:
常见的跟单宾语的及物动词主要有:accept, admire, admit, affect, afford,
discover, educate, enjoy, explain,forget, guess, invent, love, post,
raise等。
常见的跟双宾语的及物动词主要有:
1. 直、间接宾语易位需加to的动词:bring, give, hand, pass, post,
promise, read, return, show, teach, tell,lend等。
2. 直、间接宾语易位需加for的动词:buy, choose, cook, draw, find, fetch,
make, order, paint, purchase, save,spare等。
3. 既可加to,也可加for的动词:do, get, play,sing等。
常见的不及物动词主要有:ache, agree, apologize, appear, arrive, come,
go, cry, dance, die,disappear, dream, exist, fall, flow, graduate, sit,
stand, stay, wait, rise,lie, happen等。
二、延续性动词与终止性动词:
延续性动词可用于完成时,与以下几种时间状语连用:for +一段时间,since
+时间点,since +一段时间+ ago,since +从句(一般过去时)等。常见
的这类动词有:have, possess, keep, know, learn, live, read, sleep,wait,
work, look, hear, smell等。
终止性动词不可用于现在完成时,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,其否
定形式多与until / till连用,构成“not +终止性动词+ until / ”的句
型,意为“直到……才……”。如:
I will not go to beduntil I finish drawing the picture tonight.
三、常见的短语动词有以下五种:
1. 动词+介词:
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“动词+介词”构成的短语相当于一个及物动词,后面跟宾语。在被动语态
中,整个短语不可分开。这类短语动词常用的有:agree with, burst into,
call on, consist of, dealwith, depend / rely on, die of / from, dream of,
feel like, get into, hearfrom, insist on, look / stare / glare at,
prepare for, result in,set about等。
2. 动词+副词:
1)及物动词+副词。这类短语动词常用的有:cut off, take down, put out,
take over, turn down,turn over, throw away, figure out等。
2)不及物动词+副词。后面不跟宾语,没有被动语态。这类短语动词常用
的有:die away, give in, go ahead, hold on, run away, stand out等。
3. 动词+名词+介词:
这类短语动词常用的有:catch sight of, compare notes with, declare
war on / upon, get rid of, have a word with, makefun of, make use of,
make preparations for, pay attention to, take care of,take hold of,
take advantage of, take charge of等。
4. 动词+副词+介词:
这类短语动词常用的有:catch up with, come up with, date back to, put
up with, go in for, run out of等。
5. be+形容词+介词:
这类短语动词常用的有:be accustomed /used to, be afraid of, be
devoted to, be fond of, be familiar with, be famousfor, be fit /
suitable for等。
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