2024年4月12日发(作者:)
【备战2014】高考英语语法复习专题 动词和动词短语 (重点知识
归纳+考点聚焦+仿真演练,14页)
一、动词的分类
种类
及
实物
义和
动不
词 及
物
语法意义
表示动作或状态,在句中独立做谓语。及物动词后须跟宾语;不及物动词不跟宾语,要跟
宾语时要加介词。—What did you think of her speech? —She ______for one hour
but didn't _____ much.
A. spoke; speak B. spoke; say C. said; speak D. said; say
【解析】答案为B。speak作不及物动词,意为“说、发言、演讲”;speak作及物动词
时意为“讲某种语言”;say 作及物动词,意为“说、讲”,后接宾语。句意:她讲了一
个小时,但并没有说出多少(事)。
按
性
质
分
类
本身有一定的词义,不能独立做谓语,须与表语一起构成复合谓语。连系动词可以细分为
①表示“是”的be动词,根据主语有各种形式;
②表示“感觉”的连系动词。如:look, feel, smell, taste, sound等;
③表示“变得、变成”的连系动词。如become, turn, get, grow, go, fall, come等;
④表示“结果”的连系动词。如turn out, prove等;
⑤表示“仍然”的连系动词。如remain, stand, stay, keep等;
⑥表示“似乎、好像”的连系动词。如seem, appear, look等。
Emergency line operators must always _____ calm and make sure that they get all
连系动词
the information they need to send help.
A. grow B. appear C. become D. stay
【解析】答案为D。become, grow表示状态的变化,stay calm 保持冷静,沉着。
注意:绝大多数连系动词又是实义动词,在解题时要正确区分,否则就会出错。
good, the food has been sold out.
A. Tasted B. Having been Tasted C. Tasting D. To taste
【解析】答案为C。本题考生如果把taste当成实义动词去理解的话,就会误选A或B。
其实taste在本句中是连系动词,应该选C才对=Because the food tastes good,…。
助动词
本身无词义,不能独立作谓语。用来表示否定,疑问,时态等语法形式。助动词(与动词
原形或分词构成复合谓语),常见的有:be(am, is, are),do(does, did);have(has);will,
would, shall
本身有一定意义,只能和实义动词一起构成谓语。没有人称和数的变化,常用来表示说话
人的语气和情态。常见的有can(could),may(might),must, shall(should)
动作可以延续,可以与一段时间连用。如:live, study, work, stay, keep, have…
The evening news comes on at Seven o' clock and ________ only thirty minutes.
A. keeps B. continues C. finishes D. lasts
【解析】答案为答案为D。根据后面的时间状语“only thirty minutes” 先排除
“finish”为瞬间动词;keep“保留,保存”;continue意为“继续”; last“持续,继
续”,根据题意“晚间新闻每天7:00开始,持续30分钟。”可知,正确选项为D。
例 题
10
情态动词
按
时
限
分
类
延续性
和
非延续性
动词
二、动词短语的构成
结 构
动词+副词
①Don’t be so discouraged. If you such feelings, you
will do better next time.
A. carry on B. get back C. break down D. put away
【解析】答案为D。carry on意为“开展、进行”;get back意为“取回,
拿回”;break down意为“分解、崩溃”。put away除了有“把……收起、
放好”的意思外还有“储存、抛弃、放弃”的意思。句意:别那么垂头丧
气的。如果你抛弃这种情绪(而振作起来),下次你就会做得更好。
②I was still sleeping when the fire _________,and then it spread
quickly.
A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out
【解析】答案为A。break out意为“发生”符合题意;put out意为“扑
灭”;come out意为“出版、出现、出来”;get out意为“(拿)出来”。
句意:火灾发生时,我还在睡觉,然后火势很快蔓延开来。
注意:①如果宾语较长,就应避免把副词同动词分开
She turned off all the lights which had been left on.
她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。
②如果宾语是人称代词,只能放在动词和副词之间。
She gave them away.她把它们送掉了。
①Once a decision has been made,all of us should _____it.
A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to
【解析】答案为B。stick to意为“坚守(规则、诺言等)”
②It’s the present situation in poor areas that _______much higher
spending on education and training.
A. answers for B. provides for C. calls for D. plans
for
【解析】答案为C。call for意为“要求”;answer for意为“负责”;provide
for意为“供养,为……做好准备”;plan for意为“为……作计划/打算”。
①I don’t _______rock ‘n’ roll. It’s much too noisy for my taste.
A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go
in for
【解析】答案为D。 go in for意为“喜欢”;go after意为“追求”;
go away with意为“随身带走”;go into意为“从事、参加”。
②Why do we have to ________Joan’s selfish behavior? She should
learn to care for others.
A. keep up with B. catch up with C. put up with D. come
up with
【解析】答案为C。keep up with意为“跟着、跟上”;catch up with
意为“赶上”;put up with意为“忍受”;come up with意为“想出、
提出”。
You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ________home in the
snowstorm.
A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking
【解析】答案为D。考查have difficulty (in) doing sth.短语的变式运
用。difficulty在句中充当先行词,其后为定语从句。
10
动词+介词
动词+副词+介
词
动词+名词+介
词
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