2024年4月1日发(作者：)

字母在单词中的发音

元音字母在单词中的发音

开音节

1）以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。 例：be，he。

2）以辅音字母（r 除外）+不发音的e结尾的音节。 例：make，like。

* 在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。

闭音节

以一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节，

称为闭音节。例：map，desk，is。

* 在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。

Aa [ei] 在单词中的发音 [family plan shall capiital]

1. 在重读开音节中发字母音[ei]

a age able ache bake cake snake wake lake make take case cable age save base

tape wave date race face name same game frame gate hate male pale sale taste

shave shade race plane plate place page space safe slave state table stable stage

skate paste trace trade waste (注意have[] ,ate []和 vase的英国发音)

2. 在重读闭音节中发[æ]

at act ash bag bad bat cap cat can dad fact hand jam black thank rabbit glad

chat van vat sad

3. 在非重读音节中发[ә]

a'go a'wake a'live a'lone a'long a'side a'board a'broad a'round a'bout a'bove

a'ccept a'djust a'like American a'mount a'sleep a'ware a'way a'part 'panda 'cinema

4. 在重读-r音节中发[α:]

car star start far arm army hard farm party card part pardon March farther

farthest garden harvest market large apart parking (注意"[w]+ar" ,ar发[ɔ:] warm

war toward quarter [] ; 在非重读-r音节中发[ә] 'sugar)

5. 在-re音节中发 [e]

care hare careful parent (注意are[α:] )

6. 在重读闭音节中,"a+age"字母组合中,发[ei]

dange dangerous strange stranger change exchange (注意orange [] )

7. 在重读闭音节中,"a+ss, a+st, a+sp, a+sk, a+th, a+f, a+n" 中的a 发[α:]

glass class classmate grass pass passer-by last fast past grasp ask mask

basketball rather father after afternoon dance answer France plant can't

8. 在重读闭音节中,a前是w时,a常发 []

want wash washer watch was (注意water [] )

Aa 的字母组合音节在单词中的发音

- [ɔ:] all call ball wall walk有时发 [] also salt always almost…

- [ɔ:] saw law draw

- [ɔ:] autumn August (注意laugh [] aunt [] )

- [ɔ:] taught daughter

- [ei] train tailor (注意said [] )

- [ei] day play today (注意says [

发[])

] ; Monday 等词中，ay为非重读音节

- [e ] air hair chair

Ee [i:] 在单词中的发音 [clever yet]

1. 在重读开音节中，发字母音 [i:]

be he she we key these me

2. 在重读闭音节中发 [e]

bed beg bet cell send rent tent debt egg ten neck let desk yes yellow

3. 在重读-r音节中发[ә:]

her hers term person certain certainly prefer perform Germany reserve

4. 在非重读-r音节中发[ә]

under teacher winter summer better cover water sister mother father supper

leader ladder Peter wonder player

5. 在重读-re音节中发[ɪə] here

[e] there where

Ee [i:]的字母组合在单词中的发音 [idea really ready]

- [i:]] tea eat read team meat sea jeans pea peach wheat reach

- [e] head bread health dead deaf sweat heavy breath heaven

- [i:] bee see meet sheep tree three jeep feet teeth knee fee

- [i:]] receive ( - [i:] piece field believe 或 [] quiet science)

- [ju:] new few sew

- [u:] blew threw flew (r+ew, l+ew)

- [ɪə] pioneer volunteer

- [ɪə] ear near hear dear clear

- [e] pear bear

- [ei] eight weight

Ii [aɪ] 在单词中的发音 【vision right die similar divine】

1.在开音节中发字母音[ai]

I hi bike time rice tidy die lie tie (元音字母加不发音字母e视为开音节）注意 give

live

2.在闭音节中 []

is it milk fish pig ship big

3.在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai]

find child light high

4.在-r音节中 []

bird girl shirt skirt first dirty thirsty firm third thirty birthday birth

5.在-re音节中 []

tire fire hire

Ii[aɪ]的字母组合音节在单词中的发音

- [] sign

- [] light night bright right fight flight (gh 不发音）

- [] diary dialogue

- [] quiet science [believe]

- [i:] piece field believe

- [] toilet

Oo [] 在单词中的发音 【province move popular】

1、在开音节中发字母本音[]

no toe zero hero potato tomato photo piano kilo tobacco hello home note

hope whole role nose rose vote pole mode bone zone tone code joke Rome cope

sole owe own （注意：[u:] do to who shoe move ; [ ] come done )

2. 在重读闭音节中发[ɔ]

not nod rob hot cost off lot job stop doctor honest Tom dot got shop box lost

most from

3. 在非重读音节中发[ә]

to'day o'clock 'pilot com'puter o'ccur o'btain 'opposite

4. 在重读-r音节发 [ : ]

or for morning forty born horse sport report north northern nor order fork

pork corner record report normal important cord force （注意：[w]+or, or 发[ : ]

word work worse worst world workplace )

5. 在非重读-r音节中发 [ ]

for'get 'doctor 'color 'actor

6. 在重读-re音节中发 [ɔ:]

more before score

7. 在重读闭音节中，o+st 或 o+ld，o发[]

most post (注意[] cost lost ) old cold hold told

8. 在重读音节中，o+m, o+n, o+v, o+th时，o发 []

come some become sometimes

son one front month monkey among none ton done once won done Monday

wonder wonderful (注意only [ 'nl ] gone [ gn] )

love above cover (注意over []

mother brother other another (注意both []

Oo 字母组合音节在单词中的发音

- [] boat coat (注意broad[] board [] )

- [] know row slow throw snow

[] how now cow crowd brown town flower down

- [] door floor (注意poor[] )

- [] bought brought thought

- [] your four

[] our hour

[] colour neighbour

- [] about count

[∧] young country touch trouble southern

[u:] group rout you

[] famous favourite nervous dangerous

字母u在单词中发哪些音？

1.在重读开音节中[ju:]

student excuse duty Tuesday true rule blue glue June

2.在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音

June blue ruler super

3.在重读闭音节中，多数读[Λ]

us must trust sun bus （busy特例）

4. 在重读闭音节中p后读[u]

put pull push (full bull)

5. 在非重读音节中一般发[]

'autumn su'pply su'pport su'ppose su'ppress 'August

元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother

字母组合er, ir, ur, or,的发音规律

er, ir, ur,通常读长音/ə:/。例如：term, her, girl, bird, nurse, hurt

or在/w/之后也读/ə:/。在其他情况下读/:/例如：word, worker, world, worm，

afford, corn, horse

er, ir, ur, or在非重读音节里读短元音/ə/,如：river, farmer, teacher, doctor

元音字母:a e i/y o u

元音字组:ar er ir or ur are ere ire ore ure ai/ay air al au/aw ea ear ee eer

ei/ey eu/ew ie oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow our ui

辅音字母:b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w- x y- z

辅音字组:ch -ck -dge dr- -ds gh gu- kn- -mn

-ng ph qu- sh -tch th tr- -ts wh- wr-

辅音字符 ch 的读音比较复杂，共有以下的四种。其中 #1, #2 的读音占大多数。#3 的

读音占少数。 #4 的读音极少并且只出现在词尾。

#1. 读音与汉语拼音中的读音接近。单词

有 chaste, cheese, China, choke, choose, chat, chess 棋

类, chip, chop, chuck, choice, chow mien炒面, merchant商人, orchard 果园,

在词尾时 rich, inch 英

寸, much, each, teach, coach, lunch, arch, catch, watch, witch 女

巫, stretch, stretcher n.担架.

#2. 读音 [k]. 单词有 character, chemistry 化学, chorus 合唱

队, chromium 铬, Christmas 圣诞节, school, schedule, echo 回声,

headache 头痛, toothache 牙痛, mechanical 机械的, technical 技术的

在词尾时 stomach 肚子, loch n.湖, Mach n.马赫数

#3. 读音 sh . 单词有 chef(饭馆里的)厨师, chassis 底盘, Chicago 芝加

哥, brochure 小册子, Chevrolet 雪福兰(汽车商标)= Chevy, machine 机器,

说明：chef, chassis, brochure 均来自法语，所以读音为 sh 。

#4. 限于少数单词，在词尾时读音为“寄”。单词有 spinach 菠菜, Greenwich 格林

尼治, sandwich 三明治。

第一讲 辅音字母 c, g 无论是在词首还是词尾，都各有两种读音，它们的规律如下：

1.0 字母 c 在字母 e, i, y 的前面时均读 [s]，其他情况均读 [k]。分别举例如下：

1.1 在单词：

certainly, cent, century, face, place, nice, rice, price, recent, receive, saucer 碟

子, city, circle 圆, decide, recite 背

诵, acid 酸, exercise, cylinder, fancy, Nancy, policy, urgency 等均读 [s]。

——————不符合这个规则的只有一个单词 soccer ；

1.2 在单词：

cake, escape, coat, cold, coal 煤, cute, cup, cut, curious, curve, carve, class, clap, cli

p, picture, lecture 讲座, doctor, picnic, Atlantic, electronic 电子 等均读 [k]。

2.0 字母 g 在字母 e, i, y 的前面时多数读“寄”，其他情况均读 [g]。分别举例如下：

2.1 在单词：gene 基

因, gesture, general, change, page, stage, huge, danger, stranger, giant, apologize,

engine, gym, energy 均读 “寄”。还有：bridge, badge, hedge, Dodge 道吉(汽车品

牌)

不符合这个规则的单词有：动词 get, forget, begin, give, forgive；名词 gear, girl 以

及 anger, hunger 等；

2.2 在单词：

gate, game, go, goat, gun, gulf, glad, glide, grade, greet, angry, hungry, bag, beg,

big, bug, tug, rug, drug, plug, rogue, vogue, dialogue 等均读 [g]。

这个帖子及跟随的帖子介绍英语单词的一些 “内在规律”。如果你以这些帖子所涉及

的内容武装起来，你对英国文字的认识就会是两样了。