2024年4月1日发(作者：)

8000 years ago,Great Britain become an island.

-Saxons tribe invaded Britain after Roman Invasion.

conquest began in 1066.

VII was the first Tudor King.

legislature means the elected body that passes new laws.

current PM of the UK is David Cameron.

grammar school in modern Britain emphasizes academic studies

and offers more subjects than any other secondary schools.

most Widely-read novel by Jane Ansten is Pride and Prejudice.

school are the foundation -layers of the English education.

you are invited to a dinner,you must be punctual.

union Flag of the UK is also called Union Jack.

n’s major minerals are coal iron ore ,tin ore ,lead ore ,oil and

gas,among which coal and oil are the most important.

13.

The main purpose of the Great charter was to restrict the king's power.

h belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of

languages.

Germanic attack on Rome occupation in Britain in 410.

the late 7

th

Christianity became the dominant

religion in England.

Norman Conquest marked the establishment of the feudalism in

England.

end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of the House of Tudor.

Conquest【William the Conqueror, the Duke of Normandy,

invaded and conquered England and the Anglo-Saxon in

French became the official language.】

the Great【A peace treaty: the eastern half of the island was to

be subject to the Danish law and come to be known as the Danelaw

From 1016 to 1042, under the rule of Danish kings.

In 1042, the English throne was returned to the Anglo-Saxons

He founded a strong fleet and is known as “ the father of the British

navy”. He reorganized the Saxon army. He translated a Latin book into

English. He also established schools and formulated a legal system. 】

3. Hundred Years’War (1337—1453)【 a series of wars fought between

England and France over trade, territory, security and the throne.

promoted the concept of English nationalism. promoted the

development of the textile industry. raised the social position of the

bourgeois class.】

Glorious Revolution【 1688: joint sovereign of William and Mary.

1689: Bill of Rights (limited the power of the monarch and guaranteed

the authority of Parliament ) removed the ruling monarch and established

Constitutional Monarchy.】

5. the Industrial Revolution【The Industrial Revolution took root in

British for a variety of reasons. First, British had a huge

,form the colonies in America and India ,England acquired

enormous wealth with to develop its ,the enclosure

movement (圈地运动)deprived small landowners of their property.

By the middle of 19th century, the Industrial Revolution was

accomplished in Britain. Its influence is that Britain changed in many

ways.(It dramatically increased industrial causes the

process of changes in class conflict between

the capitalists and the proletarians—the most important political issue. )】

6 the standard English标准英语【Fristly,Standard English based on the

speech of the upper class of southeastern ,it adopted as a

broadcasting standard in the British media. Thirdly ,it also called as

Queen’s English or BBC then it based on the London

last it has becom a universal Lingua Franca—the world

language .】

7 Constitutional Monarchy （君主制）

【A constitutional monarchy is a form of constitutional government,

where either an elected or hereditary monarch is the head of state, unlike

in an absolute monarchy, where in the king or the queen is the sole source

of political power, as he or she is not legally bound by the constitution. 】

School【 Independent system—Public schools

the most famous — Eton, Harrow and Winchester

6 percent of all British childrenA privilege for the rich

Better funded，Better teachers，Better facilities，Better chance to enter

famous universities】

ds【This category of national newspapers are smaller format with

color photos and catchy headlines .They deal with scandals and gossip,

usually about famous people, whether in politics, sports or

entertainment. 】

10. Romanticism 浪漫主义的特点时期 代表作家 雪莱 拜伦 济慈

【At the turn of the 18

th

and 19

th

centuries, Romanticism appeared in

England as a new trend in literature.

William Wordsworth (1770-1850) and Samuel Taylor Coleridge

(1772-1834) began the the major “second generation” of

Romantic poets included Lord Byron, Percy Bysshe Shelley, John Keats.】

is the economic theory of mercantilism(重商主义) hold?

【's the acquisition of gold and silver, in payment for goods exported,

increased the wealth of a It developed the doctrine of the

balance of trade.

producing 1/3 of the world’s manufactured 1/2 of the

world’s coal, iron and cotton.

the shipping is greater than the sum of the rest of the world.】

are considered as the trio of English Poetry giants? And list

their representative work.【William Shakespeare：Comedy （A

Midsummer Night’s Dream (1595)，The Merchant of Venice (1598)，

As You Like It (1599)，Twelfth Night (1601)）Historical plays （Richard

III (1591) Henry IV (1597)Antony and Cleopatra (1606) ）Tragedies

（Hamlet (1601)Othello (1604)King Lear (1605)Macbeth (1606)Romeo

and Juliet (1595)）】

is William Shakespeare the most important writer in English

literature?【William Shakespeare is the most important writer in

British and European Renaissance period. There are four

representative tragedy Hamlet, Othello, king Lear, Macbeth,

comedy the merchant of Venice, and more than one hundred sonnets.

1590 to 1600 is the creation of Shakespeare's early, also known

as historical plays, comedy period. This period Shakespeare

humanistic ideas and art style formed gradually. 1608 years

later, the last time in Shakespeare's creation. At this time

of Shakespeare's already see humanism ideal in the real world,

they can't implement from writing to write legend play tragedy,

from the darkness of the social critique realistic revealed to

write dream world. The works of Shakespeare, starting from real

life deeply reflected time change and social nature.】

4. What is Critical Realism?【Critical Realism is a literary school which

flourished in the 40s and early 50s of the 19

th

century .The critical realists

described the chief traits of the society and criticized the capitalist system

from a democratic greatest English critical realist was