2024年3月16日发(作者：)

兰州大学硕士学位论文 民国时期任承统的水土保持思想与实践

民国时期任承统的水土保持思想与实践

中文摘要

近代以来，国人逐渐认识到林业建设的重要性。森林的功用被有识之士反复

提倡并宣扬。在此环境之下，人们认识到发展现代林业，必须要推动林业教育的

兴盛。因此，以金陵大学森林系为代表的众多拥有林科的学校迅速成长了起来。

林业学习机会增多也使得人们重视林业的思想空前高涨。

任承统求学于金陵大学，并投身于林业学习之中。通过学院的课程学习以及

外出实践，使得任承统拥有了扎实的林学基础。在林学家凌道扬的指导下，任承

统林学思想进一步成熟。特别是凌道扬对于水土保持的认识和水旱灾害的理解，

更加让任承统重视灾害对于人民生活的影响，其水土保持理论中的民生理念展露

无遗。同时在水土保持专家罗德民的引领下，任承统积极的投身于水土流失的相

关调查。罗德民的土壤侵蚀实验以及鼓励民众参与等水土保持观点，深刻的影响

着任承统的相关理论。多方因素共同促使任承统由一名森林系高材生向水土保持

专家转变。

在水土保持领域，任承统的实践主要分为考察与研究两个部分。考察又主要

分为以调查森林为主的林业调查和以河流治理为主的河流调查。通过调查发现，

以江苏、绥远为代表的南北各地森林滥伐严重，黄河、淮河等河流堵塞，各地均

不同程度的存在着水土流失现象。保护森林并培育植被实为最重要的水土保持手

段。研究则主要是建立农林部天水水土保持实验区。任承统积极参与区内实验并

大力推广水土保持的相关成果。

总的来说，任承统认为水土保持工作首先应与经济建设开发并行，其次水保

事业应重视全民协力并加强教育，最后要注重工作的系统性与因地制宜性。而其

水土保持思想背后涌动的救国救民思潮以及重视生态建设的思路更为关键。

关键词：任承统；水土保持；水土流失；森林

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兰州大学硕士学位论文 民国时期任承统的水土保持思想与实践

The Thought and Practice of Soil and Water Conservation

by Ren Chengtong during the Republican Period

Abstract

In modern times, the people of China have gradually realized the importance of

forestry construction. The usefulness of forests has been repeatedly advocated and

preached by knowledgeable people. In this environment, it was recognized that the

development of modern forestry must promote the flourishing of forestry education.

As a result, many schools with forestry departments, represented by the Forestry

Department of Jinling University, grew up rapidly. The increased opportunities for

forestry studies also led to an unprecedented rise in the importance people attached to

forestry.

Ren Chengtong studied at Jinling University and devoted himself to forestry

studies. Through the course of study at the college and practice outside, Ren

Chengtong had a solid foundation in forestry. Under the guidance of forestry scientist

Ling Daoyang, Ren Chengtong's forestry ideas further matured. In particular, Ling's

knowledge of soil and water conservation and his understanding of water and drought

disasters made Ren pay more attention to the impact of disasters on people's lives and

revealed the livelihood concept in his theory of soil and water conservation. At the

same time, under the leadership of Rodmin, an expert in soil and water conservation,

Ren Chengtong was actively involved in investigations related to soil erosion.

Rodmin's soil erosion experiments and the encouragement of public participation in

soil and water conservation profoundly influenced Ren's theories. The combination of

these factors led to his transformation from a forestry student to a soil and water

conservation expert.

In the field of soil and water conservation, Ren's practice is divided into two

parts: research and study. The survey is divided into forestry survey, which is mainly

about forestry, and river survey, which is mainly about river management. Through

the survey, it was found that forest deforestation was serious in the north and south of

the country, represented by Jiangsu and Suiyuan, and that rivers such as the Yellow

River and the Huai River were blocked, and soil erosion existed to varying degrees

everywhere. Protecting forests and cultivating vegetation are the most important

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