2024年2月13日发(作者：)

Chapter 1

An Overview of the Changing Financial-Services Sector

Fill in the Blank Questions

1. _______________________ is a traditional service provided by banks in which the banks store the

valuables of their customers and certify their true value.

Answer: Safekeeping of valuables

2. The fact that financial institutions make loans based on confidential information is the

_______________________ theory of banking.

Answer: delegated monitoring

3. _______________________ refers to when a financial institution trades one form of currency for

another. An example of this would be when the bank trades dollars for yen for a fee.

Answer: currency exchange

4. A(n) _______________________ is a traditional service which permits a depositor to write a draft

（汇票）in payment for goods and services.

Answer: demand deposit (checking account)

5. _______________________ is a service provided by banks where the bank lends money to

individuals for the purchase of durable and other goods.

Answer: Consumer lending

6. The _______________________ of a bank is a traditional service where the bank manages the

financial affairs and property of individuals (and in some cases businesses).

Answer: trust services

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7. Companies such as Merrill Lynch and Sears which offered some but not all banking services in the

1980s were called _______________________.

Answer: nonbank banks

8. The loosening of government regulation and control of financial institutions is called

_______________________.

Answer: deregulation

9. ___________________________ is an alternative to lending in which the financial institution

purchases the equipment and rents it to its customers.

Answer: Equipment leasing services

10. The___________________________ is a landmark act which allows financial service providers to

offer an expanded menu of financial services for the customer. This law allows banks to truly

become conglomerate financial service providers.

Answer: Financial Services Modernization Act (Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act)

11. The country with the most banks is _______________________.

Answer: United States

12. According to Congress a ____________ is defined as any institution that can qualify for deposit

insurance administered by the FDIC.

Answer: Bank

13. A bank which spans regions, nations, and continents, offering the widest menu of financial services

is known as a __________bank.

Answer: money-center bank

14. _____________ refers to the movement of businesses across industry lines in order to broaden its

base.

Answer: Convergence

15. Banks which serve primarily households and small firms are known as ____________ banks.

Answer: retail

16. Banks that sell deposits and make loans to businesses and individuals are known as ______banks.

Answer: commercial

17. Banks which underwrite issues of new securities for their corporate customers are known as

________ banks.

Answer: investment

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18. Banks which function under a federal charter through the Comptroller (审计署)of the Currency in

the United States are known as ____________ banks.

Answer: National

19.

Banks which supply both debt and equity capital to businesses are known as _________ banks.

Answer: merchant（商人）

20. A bank that offers its services only over the internet is known as a(n) .

Answer: virtual bank（虚拟银行）

21. When a local merchant sells the accounts receivables they hold against their customer to a bank this

generally known as .

Answer: discounting commercial notes

22. A(n) offers loans to commercial enterprises (such as appliance dealers)

or to individuals using funds borrowed in the open market or from other financial institutions.

Examples of this type of financial service provider include GMAC Financial Services and

Household Finance.

Answer: finance company

23. A(n) buys and sells securities on behalf of their customers and for their

own accounts. Examples of this type of financial service provider include Merrill Lynch and

Charles Schwab.

Answer: security broker (or dealer)

24. A(n) sells shares mainly to upscale investors in a broad group

of different kinds of assets including nontraditional investments in commodities, real estate, loans

to ailing companies and other risky assets.

Answer: hedge fund

25. When a bank agrees to handle the cash collections and disbursements for a company and invest any

temporary cash surpluses in interest bearing assets, they are providing services to their

customers.

Answer: cash management

True/False Questions

T F 26. Under U.S. federal law, an institution making only loans to households and offering

uninsured checkable deposits and savings deposits qualifies as a commercial bank.

Answer: False

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T

F 27. Nonbank banks can offer deposits to the public, but these deposits are not eligible（合适的） for insurance coverage by the FDIC.

Answer: False

T

F 28. The etymological roots of the word "bank" trace this word back to an Italian term referring

to a "money-changer's table".

Answer: True

T

F 29. According to the textbook, banks are those financial institutions that today offer the widest

range of financial services of any business firm in the economy.

Answer: True

T

F 30. According to the delegated monitoring theory banks are able to attract borrowing

customers because they pledge confidentiality.

Answer: True

T

F 31. Managing the financial affairs and property of individuals and business firms falls under

the type of banking service line known as cash management services.

Answer: False

T

F 32. The role performed by banks in the economy in which they transform savings into credit is

known as the intermediation role.

Answer: True

T

F 33. The role performed by banks in which they stand behind their customers when those

customers are unable to pay a debt obligation is known as the guarantor role.

Answer: True

T F banks serve as conduits（中转机构） for government policy this is referred to as their

agency role.

Answer: False

T

F 35. According to the textbook, high-volume banking is required to make efficient use of

automation and other technological innovations.

Answer: True

T

F 36. The number of independently owned banks has risen in the United States over the last

decade.

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Answer: False

T

F 37. Money-center banks usually service local communities, towns, and cities, offering a

narrow menu of services to the public.

Answer: False

T

F 38. A greater proportion of major corporations have deserted the banking system in recent

years to raise borrowed funds directly from the open market.

Answer: True

T

F 39. The recent erosion of the banking market share relative to other financial institutions

means that banking is a dying industry.

Answer: False

T F 40. Lending institutions act as delegated monitors and can diversify and reduce their risk

exposure, resulting in increased safety for savers’ funds.

Answer: True

T

F 41. Current theory suggests that banks exist because of imperfections in our financial system.

Answer: True

T

F 42. Today U.S. banks account for approximately fifty percent of the largest banks in the world.

Answer: False

T

F 43. According to the textbook, traditional banking may be on the decline.

Answer: True

T

F 44. Convergence refers to the fact that the number of bank mergers has increased in recent

years.

Answer: False

T

F 45. Banks which offer virtually all financial services are known as universal banks（综合银行）.

Answer: True

T

F 46. Life insurance companies, securities firms, and mortgage（抵押） companies all compete

with the traditional bank.

Answer: True

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Multiple Choice Questions

47. In the United States a commercial bank qualifies as a "bank" under federal law if it offers:

A) Consumer installment loans, CDs

B) Savings deposits, commercial loans

C) Checking accounts, commercial loans

D) Security investments, inventory loans to business customers

E) Commercial deposit accounts, consumer savings plans

Answer: C

48. E. F. Hutton, J.C. Penney, and Sears Roebuck are among leading firms that in the1980’s organized

competitors with banks that are known as:

A) Nonbank Banks

B) Discount Security Brokerage Companies

C) Money Market Funds

D) Finance Companies

E) Investment Banking Units

Answer: A

49. A study of history shows that one of the first services offered by banks was:

A) Equipment Leasing

B) Currency Exchange

C) Security Brokerage and Underwriting

D) Sale of Real Estate

E) None of the above

Answer: B

50. Banks perform the indispensable task of:

A) Creating money without making loan.

B) Absorbing the excess liquidity created by other financial institutions

C) Intermediating between surplus-spending individuals or institutions and deficit-spending

individuals or institutions

D) Issuing risky deposits

E) None of the above

Answer: C

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51. The view that depositors hire banks to analyze the financial condition of prospective borrowers and

continually evaluate the condition of outstanding loans is referred to as:

A) Delegated monitoring

B) The concept of financial intermediation

C) The liquidity function in banking

D) Market imperfection theory

E) The efficiency contribution of banking

Answer: A

52. Which of the following has been an important trend regarding consolidation and geographic

expansion in banks?

A) Increased bank branching activity

B) The formation of more holding companies to purchase smaller banks

C) Mergers among some of the largest banks in the industry

D) A and C above

E) All of the above.

Answer: E

53. Included among leading structural trends in the U.S. banking industry in recent years are:

A) The number of independently owned banks has declined

B) The average size of individual banking firms has increased

C) Entry across state lines from neighboring states has increased

D) A and B only

E) All of the above.

Answer: E

54. Smaller, locally focused commercial and savings banks that offer narrower but more personalized

menu of financial services are known as:

A) Money center banks

B) Community banks

C) Mutual Funds

D) State banks

E) Fringe banks.

Answer: B

55. The banking services that includes executing buy and sell orders for security trading customers and

marketing new securities to raise funds for corporations and other institutions is referred to:

A) Comprehensive Packaging

B) Wrap-around Accounts

C) Investment Banking

D) Professional Banking

E) None of the above.

Answer: C

56. A bank that wires funds for the purchase of a beach house in South Carolina for a customer in

Oklahoma is carrying out the __________ of banks.

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A) The intermediation role

B) The payment role

C) The guarantor role

D) The agency role

E) The policy role

Answer: B

57. Examples of imperfections in the financial system which allow banks to exist include which of the

following?

A) Informational asymmetry

B) Efficiency of markets

C) All individuals and businesses have full information about all investment opportunities.

D) All individuals and businesses have no difficulty meeting their liquidity needs on their own.

E) All of the above are examples of the imperfections that exist.

Answer: A

58. A bank which manages the investment portfolio and pays the bills of an elderly customer who is

unable to do it for him or herself is carrying out the __________ of banks.

A) The intermediation role

B) The payment role

C) The guarantor role

D) The agency role

E) The policy role

Answer: D

59. Which of the following is a trend that has affected all banks today?

A) Increased isolation of banks in the U.S.

B) Decreased competition from other financial institutions

C) Decreased amount of services provided by modern banks

D) Rising funding costs

E) Increased regulations

Answer: D

60. Which of the following is not a current trend in the banking industry?

A) The number of banks is declining

B) The number of bank branches is declining

C) The number of bank services is increasing

D) The number of bank competitors is increasing

E) Bank industry convergence

Answer: B

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61. Which of the following types of banks would most likely offer the largest number of financial

services?

A) A retail bank

B) A community bank

C) A commercial bank

D) A universal bank

E) An international bank

Answer: D

62. The phenomenon of convergence refers to:

A) Financial service firms expanding into other product lines

B) Firms reducing their product lines

C) Bank merger activity

D) Globalization in banking

E) Technological innovation in banking

Answer: A

63. Bank equipment leasing activity involves:

A) A bank leasing its office facilities instead of buying

B) A bank buying equipment and then leasing the item to a customer

C) A customer buying equipment and then leasing it to a bank

D) A bank leasing computer equipment

E) None of the above

Answer: B

64. Wholesale banks are those banks that:

A) Sell at a discount relative to all commercial banks

B) Only make loans to the wholesale industry

C) Lend almost exclusively to farmers

D) Are large banks which serve corporations and government

E) Have only retail customers

Answer: D

65. Jonathan Robbins has an account in a bank that does not have a physical branch. Jonathan does all

of his banking business over the internet. What type of bank does Jonathan have his account at?

A) Virtual Bank

B) Mortgage Bank

C) Community Bank

D) Affiliated Bank

E) None of the above

Answer: A

66. The Edmond National Bank serves only the City of Edmond, Oklahoma and concentrates on

providing the best possible service to this city. What type of bank is this most likely to be?

A) Virtual Bank

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B) Mortgage Bank

C) Community Bank（社区银行）

D) Affiliated Bank

E) None of the above

Answer: C

67. The Charleston Southern Bank makes loans for families to purchase new and existing homes but

does not take deposits. What type of bank is this most likely to be?

A) Virtual Bank

B) Mortgage Bank

C) Community Bank

D) Affiliated Bank

E) None of the above

Answer: B

68. Which of the following is considered a fringe bank?

A) Community Bank

B) Wholesale Bank

C) Merchant Bank

D) Payday Lender

E) None of the above

Answer: D

69. During the middle ages, banks encountered religious opposition because:

A) Loans to the poor often carried high interest rates

B) Loans and deposits were primarily for wealthy customers

C) The Industrial Revolution demanded new methods of making payments and obtaining credit

D) Savings and wealth were lost due to war, theft and expropriation by governments

E) All of the above

Answer: A

70. Religious opposition decreased during the Renaissance because:

A) Loans to the poor often carried high interest rates

B) Loans and deposits were primarily for wealthy customers

C) The Industrial Revolution demanded new methods of making payments and obtaining credit

D) Savings and wealth were lost due to war, theft and expropriation by governments

E) All of the above

Answer: B

71. Banks like the Medici Bank in Italy and the Hochstetter Bank in Germany were successful because

and they responded well to these new needs.

A) Loans to the poor often carried high interest rates

B) Loans and deposits were primarily for wealthy customers

C) The Industrial Revolution demanded new methods of making payments and obtaining credit

D) Savings and wealth were lost due to war, theft and expropriation by governments

E) All of the above

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Answer: C

72. Early European banks were places for safekeeping of wealth because:

A) Loans to the poor often carried high interest rates

B) Loans and deposits were primarily for wealthy customers

C) The industrial revolution demanded new methods of making payments and obtaining credit

D) Savings and wealth were lost due to war, theft and expropriation by governments

E) All of the above

Answer: D

73. The U.S. government wants to prevent money laundering by drug cartels. To promote this goal,

they have asked banks to report any cash deposits greater than $10,000 to the government. Which

of the following roles is the bank performing?

A) The intermediation role

B) The payment role

C) The risk management role

D) The guarantor role

E) The policy role

Answer: E

74. The Edmond Wine and Cheese shop wants to buy 30 cases of French Champagne on credit. Bank

of America writes a letter of credit stating that the Edmond Wine and Cheese shop is a good risk

and that if they do not pay off the loan, Bank of America will. Which of the following roles is the

bank performing?

A) The intermediation role

B) The payment role

C) The risk management role

D) The guarantor（保证人） role

E) The policy role

Answer: D

75. Alexander Phua goes to his local bank and gets an insurance policy that protects him against loss in

case he is in a car accident. Which of the following roles is the bank performing?

A) The intermediation role

B) The payment role

C) The risk management role

D) The guarantor role

E) The policy role

Answer: C

76. Chris Jones gets a cashier’s check from Wachovia Bank to make his down payment on a new home.

Which of the following roles is the bank performing?

A) The intermediation role

B) The payment role

C) The risk management role

D) The guarantor role

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E) The policy role

Answer: B

77. The Bank, N.A. accepts deposits from thousands of individuals and lends that money to (among

others) the Stillwater Body Shop to expand their work bays. Which of the following roles is the

bank performing?

A) The intermediation（仲裁） role

B) The payment role

C) The risk management role

D) The guarantor role

E) The policy role

Answer: A

78. Major trends affecting the performance of financial firms today include all of these except:

A) Greater product-line diversification

B) Reduced branching

C) Geographic diversification

D) Convergence

E) Increasing automation

Answer: B

79. The First National Bank of Lakeland makes risky loans to business to expand and grow their

businesses while at the same time accepting funds into checking accounts that are insured by the

FDIC. Which of the following services is this bank offering to their customers?

A) Risky arbitrage services

B) Liquidity services

C) Ability of the bank to evaluate information

D) Divisibility of money services

E) Credit services

Answer: A

80. Jonathan Wynn knows that if he wanted to purchase a Treasury Bill, the minimum amount he

would spend would be close to $10,000. He also knows that he could deposit $1,000 in a money

market deposit account at a bank and earn about the same rate of interest. Jonathan does not have

$10,000 to invest in a Treasury Bill. If Jonathan puts his money in the bank, which service that a

bank can provide is he taking advantage of?

A) Risky arbitrage services

B) Liquidity services

C) Ability of the bank to evaluate information

D) Divisibility of money services

E) Credit services

Answer: D

81. Nick Rodr gets a loan from the First State Bank of Guthrie to purchase a new refrigerator（冰箱）

for his condo. What service that a bank provides is he taking advantage of?

A) Risky arbitrage services

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B) Liquidity services

C) Ability of a bank to evaluate information

D) Divisibility of money services

E) Credit services

Answer: E

82. Drew Davis goes to his local bank to get help developing a financial plan and making investment

decisions. Which of the more recent services banks offer is Drew taking advantage of?

A) Getting a consumer loan

B) Getting financial advice

C) Managing cash

D) Getting venture capital services

E) Buying a retirement plan

Answer: B

83. The Bartholemew Bakery receives a lot of payments in cash. They deposit it in their local bank

who invests the money in an interest bearing account until it is needed to pay bills. Which of the

financial services banks offer is the Bartholemew bakery taking advantage of?

A) Getting a consumer loan

B) Getting financial advice

C) Managing cash

D) Getting venture capital services

E) Buying a retirement plan

Answer: C

84. MyWebCast is a new company that makes it easy for individuals to create streaming videos on the

internet to share with friends and family for a small fee. MyWebCast wants to expand their

offerings of video streaming services but needs cash to be able to do this. The Second National

Bank of Oklahoma City, through a subsidiary, gives them the cash they need for an ownership

share in the company. Which of the more recent services that banks offer is MyWebCast taking

advantange of?

A) Getting a consumer loan

B) Getting financial advice

C) Managing cash

D) Getting venture capital services

E) Buying a retirement plan

Answer: D

85. Chandriga Suppiah has opened a Roth IRA with North Carolina State Bank and plans on making

regular contributions to this account until she retires. Which of the financial services is Chandriga

taking advantage of?

A) Getting a consumer loan

B) Getting financial advice

C) Managing cash

D) Getting venture capital services

E) Buying a retirement plan

Answer: E

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87.

88.

89.

Banks with less than ___________in assets are generally called community banks.

A) More than $1 billion

B) Less than $1 billion

C) More than $10 billion

D) Less than $1 trillion

E) More than $1 trillion

Answer: B

The principal functions and services offered by many financial-service firms today include:

A) Lending and investing money

B) Making payments of behalf of customers to facilitate their purchases of goods and services

C) Managing and protecting customers’ cash and other property

D) Assisting customers in raising and investing funds profitably

E) All of the above

Answer: E

Which of the following is considered a depository financial institution?

A) Mortgage company

B) Mutual fund

C) Savings and Loan associations

D) Federal Reserve

E) Insurance company

Answer: C

Which of the following is not a purpose of bank regulation:

A) Guarantee minimal profitability of the banking system（保证银行体系的最低利润）

B) Provide monetary stability

C) Ensure safety and soundness of banks

D) Provide competitive financial system

E) Protect consumers from abuses by banks

Answer: A

90. During the financial crisis of 2007-2009, the collapse of Lehman Brothers and the bailout of Bear

Stearns reaffirmed the importance of the fundamental principle of:

A) Superior management

B) Globalization

C) Government bailout

D) Regulatory arbitrage

E) Public trust and confidence in the system

Answer: E

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