双向双点重分发配置实例

双向双点重分发配置实例

2023年7月4日发(作者:)

双向双点重分发

作者:骄 子

R1#sh run

Current configuration : 1823 bytes

!

version 12.4

service timestamps debug datetime msec

service timestamps log datetime msec

no service password-encryption

!

hostname R1

! ip cef

!

!

no ip dhcp use vrf connected

ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.1.254

ip dhcp excluded-address 192.168.2.1

!

ip dhcp pool VLAN10

network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0

dns-server 218.1.1.1

default-router 192.168.1.254

!

ip dhcp pool VLAN20

network 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0

dns-server 218.1.1.1

default-router 192.168.2.1

!

!

no ip domain lookup

!

multilink bundle-name authenticated

! interface Loopback0

ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0.1

encapsulation dot1Q 10

ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0.2

encapsulation dot1Q 20

ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface Serial1/0

ip address 192.1.12.1 255.255.255.0

serial restart-delay 0

clock rate 64000

!

interface Serial1/1

ip address 192.1.13.1 255.255.255.0

serial restart-delay 0

clock rate 64000

!

! router ospf 100

router-id 1.1.1.1

log-adjacency-changes

redistribute connected subnets

network 192.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

network 192.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

!

no ip http server

no ip http secure-server

!

End

R2#sh run

Current configuration : 1862 bytes

!

version 12.4

service timestamps debug datetime msec

service timestamps log datetime msec !

hostname R2

!

no ip domain lookup

!

multilink bundle-name authenticated

!

!

interface Loopback0

ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 193.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

duplex full

vrrp 10 ip 193.1.1.253

vrrp 10 priority 120

vrrp 10 authentication md5 key-string cisco

vrrp 20 ip 193.1.1.254

vrrp 20 authentication md5 key-string cisco2

!

interface Serial1/0

ip address 192.1.12.2 255.255.255.0 ip policy route-map red

serial restart-delay 0

!

!

router eigrp 90

redistribute ospf 100 metric 1000 100 255 1 1500

network 193.1.1.0

no auto-summary

!

router ospf 100

router-id 2.2.2.2

log-adjacency-changes

redistribute eigrp 90 subnets route-map red

network 192.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

distance 180 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0

!

no ip http server

no ip http secure-server

!

!

!

logging alarm informational access-list 10 permit 10.1.1.0

access-list 20 permit 10.1.2.0

access-list 30 permit 10.1.3.0

!

!

route-map red permit 10

match ip address 10

set metric 1500

set metric-type type-1

!

route-map red deny 20

match ip address 20

!

route-map red permit 30

set metric 5000

set metric-type type-2

!

end

R3#sh run

Current configuration : 1862 bytes

!

version 12.4

service timestamps debug datetime msec

service timestamps log datetime msec

no service password-encryption

!

hostname R3

!

no ip domain lookup

!

multilink bundle-name authenticated

!

!

interface Loopback0

ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 193.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 duplex full

vrrp 10 ip 193.1.1.253

vrrp 10 authentication md5 key-string cisco

vrrp 20 ip 193.1.1.254

vrrp 20 priority 120

vrrp 20 authentication md5 key-string cisco2

!

interface Serial1/1

ip address 192.1.13.2 255.255.255.0

serial restart-delay 0

!!

router eigrp 90

redistribute ospf 100 metric 1000 100 255 1 1500

network 193.1.1.0

no auto-summary

!

router ospf 100

router-id 3.3.3.3

log-adjacency-changes

redistribute eigrp 90 subnets route-map red

network 192.1.13.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

distance 180 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 !

no ip http server

no ip http secure-server

!

!

!

logging alarm informational

access-list 10 permit 10.1.1.0

access-list 20 permit 10.1.2.0

access-list 30 permit 10.1.3.0

!

!

route-map red permit 10

match ip address 10

set metric 1500

set metric-type type-1

!

route-map red deny 20

match ip address 20

!

route-map red permit 30

set metric 5000 set metric-type type-2

!

End

R5>en

R5#

R5#

R5#sh run

Current configuration : 1324 bytes

!

version 12.4

service timestamps debug datetime msec

service timestamps log datetime msec

no service password-encryption

!

hostname R5

!

multilink bundle-name authenticated !

!

!

!

interface Loopback0

ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0

!

interface Loopback1

ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface Loopback2

ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface Loopback3

ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0

!

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 193.1.1.5 255.255.255.0

duplex full

!

!

router eigrp 90 redistribute connected

network 193.1.1.0

no auto-summary

!

no ip http server

no ip http secure-server

end

实验总结:

双向路由重分发提供了 冗余、备份还可进行负载。实验时需要在R1和R5 上面redistribute connected subnet,因为network中没有匹配到接口上面。这个实验存在着管理距离的问题!

1、 相同协议之间,度量值越小越优先;

2、 不同协议之间,管理距离越小越优先。

起初未采用distance,当我们采用show ip route 的时候,我们会发现R2或者R3上面哪个先配置redistribute哪个就是R1或者R5到1.1.1.1或者5.5.5.5下一跳经过的路由器,而并没有负载均衡。

这里以R2先配置redistribute为例:

因为EIGRP的外部汇总路由管理距离为170,当外部汇总路由

redistribute进R1时,在R1路由表中就将添加O E2的路由条目;OSPF再通过LSA讲该条目通告给R3,此时R3也接收到外部汇总路由,通告比较,R3会选择不同协议之间 管理距离小的加入到路由表当中。这样,在查看R1的路由表时,将看到5.5.5.5目的网络的下一跳是R2的S1/0,并不会负载均衡。

因此,我们需要解决这个问题有两种方法:

1、 减小外部汇总路由的管理距离;

2、 增多OSPF协议的管理距离。

这时需要在R1和R4上用到distance命令。然而,对于双向重分发而言。我们会发现这两种方法都行不通!原因同上!

因此,我们需要另谋良策!及在R2和R3上面控制外部汇总路由distance。同样以R2先配置为例:

当R2 redistribute外部汇总路由进来的时候,产生O E2路由,管理距离为110,同理,当R1收到这个路由条目的时候,他将发送LSA给R3。这时我们在R3上面运用distance 180 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0(OSPF下面)的命令,将来自R2的外部路由管理距离更改为180(及修改O E2管理距离为180)。这时外部汇总路由也redistribute外部汇总路由(管理距离170)进来。通过比较发现,外部汇总路由优先,将被放进路由表。这样在R1上面show ip route 的时候,我们就会发现到达目的主机5.5.5.5有两个下一跳,及负载均衡了。

同理,R4端,当R2 redistribute路由信息进来时,将被加入到路由表,R4将发送更新包(LSU)到R3,R3接收到外部汇总路由和D EX路由信息,将比较他们的管理距离。Redistribute 路由信息管理距离为110,而外部汇总路由为170,将管理距离小的路由条目加入到路由表。同样负载均衡。同时,你还可以试试在EIGRP下面修改distance小于110,可以先分析一下。看可不可行?

此外,还可以通过做单向重发布和打tag的方式来解决此类问题!

大家不妨一试。

R1#sh ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter

area

N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external

type 2

E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS

level-2

ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static

route

o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C 192.1.12.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0

1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback0

C 192.1.13.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1

5.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

O E2 5.5.5.0 [110/5000] via 192.1.13.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/1

[110/5000] via 192.1.12.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/0

10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets

O E2 10.1.3.0 [110/5000] via 192.1.13.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/1

[110/5000] via 192.1.12.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/0

O E1 10.1.1.0 [110/1564] via 192.1.13.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/1

[110/1564] via 192.1.12.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/0

O E2 193.1.1.0/24 [110/5000] via 192.1.13.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/1

[110/5000] via 192.1.12.2, 00:00:09, Serial1/0

这里面还加入了VRRP、DHCP、Route-map等知识。希望对大家有所帮助!

发布者:admin,转转请注明出处:http://www.yc00.com/web/1688420254a135714.html

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