2024年4月3日发(作者：3d打印设备多少钱一台)

★采矿工程专业常用英语词汇★

①geologic structure 地质构造 geologic age geologic term

coalfield 煤田 take 井田

reserve of the take 井田储量 geologic reserve

coal exploration 煤层勘探 explore

②sedimentary rock 沉积岩 metamorphose rock 变质岩

igneous rock 火成岩 alluvium 冲积层

coal seam mineral deposit 矿床

③epoch 纪元、纪、代 Permian 二叠纪（系）

Carboniferous 石炭纪 Cretaceous 白垩纪

Tertiary 第三纪

④fold 褶 曲 fault 断层 normal～ reverse～

faulting 断层作用

⑤strike 走向 along the strike

dip 倾向、倾角 dip angle of coal seam煤层倾角

⑥weathered 风化的

bituminous coal 烟煤 [bi’tjuminэs] anthracite 无烟煤 lignite

褐煤

limestone 石灰岩 sandstone 砂岩 shale 页岩

⑦fully mechanized coal face 综采 conventional mining 普采

Semi-mechanized coal face blasting mining 炮采

fully mechanized sublevel caving mining 综放

⑧colliery (coal mine) colliery undertaking ~企业

Longwall mining 长壁开采 Room and pillar 房柱式开采

pillar and stall Panel, district, mining area 盘区 采区

⑨Shaft (vertical) 井筒 adit 平硐 shaft sinking 井筒掘进

opencast open pit 露天矿 surface mining strip mining

⑩strata(stratum) 岩层 stimulated caving 强制放顶

longwall advancing retreating

roof (floor) 顶（底）板 main ~ immediate ~

false ~

11pit bottom shaft station 井底车场 up cast downcast 进回风井

ventilate ventilation borehole 钻孔 drill bunker(coal bin) 煤

仓

12Skip 箕斗 cage 罐笼 conveyor 运输机 belt conveyor 胶带运

输机

AFC(Armored Face Conveyer) 刮板输送机 coal preparation 选

煤

Powered roof support 液压支架 (shield)

13drift entry roadway gateroad巷道 crosscut 石门，横贯，捷

径

methane 甲烷 瓦斯 gas ~ drainage

gob，goaf (mined out area) 采空区

14airway 风道 intake ~ return ~ 进风巷 回风巷

stress-strain 应力－应变 stress relief zone de-stressed 应力解

除

15 room dispatcher’s ～ pump ～泵房 dispatcher’s room 调度室

waiting room 候车室 winch engine room first-aid room

16 tale air 乏风 fresh intake ~ tail entry head entry 顺槽

heading 掘进头 rise ~ 上山 opening ~开切眼

17 timber 木支柱 prop, jack 支柱 individual jacks （prop） 单体

支柱

convergence 顶底板移近、会合 smooth ~ 缓慢下沉 （巷

道）

free subsidence method （采场）

18 waste heap /spoil tip 矸石山 spontaneous combustion 自燃

hoist 提升 gate road/drift/entry 巷道 incline gate 斜巷 incline

shaft

19 tectonic 构造的 ～ stress mining regulations safety regulations

rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力

Behavior of rock/ underground pressure 矿山压力显现

20 floor heave 底鼓 thin or medium-thick seam 中厚

incline seam 倾向煤层 sloping ~

steep coal seam 急倾向煤层 gently slopping ~ 缓倾斜煤层

21 cracked roof 破碎顶板 fractured roof crush, crack

spacing of main falls 放顶步距 distance of roof fall

winch 小绞车 caving ~

22 eaker props/breaker support 切顶支柱 withdrawal of support

回柱

prop withdrawer 回柱绞车 shield-type support 掩护式支架

chock support 垛式支架

常用专业英语词汇

23 survey(ing) 测量 ~ station 观测站 elevation标高 elevator，lift

transit 经纬仪 full caving method 全部跨落法

partial caving partial backfilling (packing)

24 subsidence 下沉 ~ trough ~basin 下沉盆地

surface structure（building） 地表建筑物

surface movement and deformation 地表移动和变形

Contour 等值线

下沉（Subsidence）、倾斜（Slope）、曲率（Curvature）、水平

移动（Displacement）、水平变形（Horizontal strain）

25 aquifer 含水层 coal mining above a confined aquifer承压水上采煤

protective pillar 保护煤柱 barrier pillar 隔离煤柱

26 angle of draw 移动角 边界角 draw angle of strata 边界角

surface cracks 地表裂缝 Surface slope (incline) 地表倾斜

curvature 曲率

27 Overburden strata 上覆岩层 overlying strata 上覆岩层

structure damage 建筑物损害 recovery ratio 采出率、回采率

28 backfilling mining method filling mining stowing mining

method充填回采

建筑物下开采(Mining under buildings) 铁路下开采(Mining under

railways)

水体下开采(Mining under water bodies)

29 simultaneous extraction 同时开采 limited thickness extraction 限

厚开采

selected extraction 选择开采 continuous extraction 连续开采

land reclaimation technology 土地复垦技术

30 compressed air drill 风钻 electric ~ 电钻

yielding support 可缩支架 rigid ~ 刚性支架

roof bolting 顶板锚杆 resin ~

31 auxiliary fans 局扇 auxiliary shaft 副井 subsidiary shaft 副

井

Main shaft 主井 mine water drainage 矿井排水

haulage hoisting lighting 运输、提升、照明

32 seam subject to rock burst 易突出煤层 ～ spontaneous

combustion易自然煤层

rock burst 岩爆 冲击矿压 surrounding rock 围岩 first cost 初

期投资