2024年3月3日发(作者：老人用什么智能手机比较好)

1.A designer must have a good foundation in statics, kinematics, dynamics and

strength of materials.

一个设计师必须在静力学、运动学、静力学和材料强度方面有一个良好的基础。

test results are in good agreement with those obtained by theoretical

deduction.

试验结果与理论推导的结果十分吻合。

essential difference between the two types of pavements, flexible and rigid,

is the manner in which they distribute the load over the subgrade.

柔性路面和刚性路面的本质区别在于它们在路基上分布荷载的方式。

r important property of soils which must be ascertained before a final

choice of foundation type and design can be made is compressibility.

在基础的最终选型和设计之前必须要确定的另一个土壤的重要性质是压缩性。

most important factor governing the strength is the percentage of water

used in the mixed.

影响强度的最重要因素是拌合物中水的比例。

relationship between engineering and society is getting closer；it is

sufficient，therefore，to say again that the work performed by an engineer affects

society in many different and important ways that he or she should be aware of.

工程与社会之间的关系是越来越近了，因此，足可以再次声明工程师应该要清楚自己所做的工作正以许多不同且重要的途径影响着社会。

7.在许多情况下，可能会指派土木工程师参与其他项目的工作。

In many cases，an engineer might be assigned to work on a project in another

field.

8.目前，正在试图生产出强度更高，耐久性更好且重量更轻的混凝土。

Today，attempts are being made to produce concrete with higher strength，better

durability and lighter weight.

success in the development and construction of all these structures has

been due in no small measures to the advances in the technology of materials，particularly prestressing steel，and the accumulated knowledge in estimating the short

and long-term losses in the prestressing forces.

所有这些建筑物的发展和建设方面的成就，尤其是预应力钢筋，在很大程度上是由于材料技术上的巨大进步和在估算短期和长期的预应力损失方面知识的积累。

10.混凝土的长期收缩和徐变对预应力损失产生很大影响。

The long-term shrinkage and creep of concrete have a great effect on the

prestress losses.

allowable-stress approach has an important disadvantage in that it does

not provide a uniform ovetload capacity for all parts and all types of structures.

允许应力法的一个重大缺陷在于它不能为所有构件的所有部分提供统一的超载量。

12.在进行结构分析时，应该考虑到各种荷载及其组合的作用。

When analyzing the structures, the effect of all kinds of loads and the

combination of loads should be accounted for.

most elements of tunnel design and construction can be the subject of

lively arguments，there can be no argument about the need to determine the tunneling

medium as accurately as practical.

尽管隧道的设计和建设的很多元素可能会成为生动活泼的争论话题，但与实际一样准确确定隧道中点是无需争辩的。

14.通风、照明和防火是所有类型的隧道运营中需要考虑和解决的问题。

Ventilation，lighting and fire life safety are the problems which need to be considered

in all kinds of tunnels operations.

modern trend is towards light, airy factory buildings with the offices,

reception rooms, telephone exchange, etc. , house in one low building overlooking the

access road, the workshop， also light and airy, being less accessible to public view.

现代趋势是有办公室、接待室和电话交换室的等等的采光通风良好的工业建筑，车间是处于低层建筑中的房屋，能够俯视过道，且不易进入公众的视线。

16.即便远离工作地点，不少家庭仍宁愿选择位于郊区而不是城区的住房。

Although it is far from the workplace, many families prefer suburban housing to

urban housing.