2023年12月11日发(作者：华为手机对比参数配置比较)

选修七-Unit 1 知识点清单 Edited by: Zhai Deli

选修七-Unit 1 知识点清单

一、重点单词（要求：必须会写，并且写对）

disability disabled ambition ambitious noisy

suitable beneficial clumsy bump outgoing

adapt dignity profit community approval

bench cut out absence fellow

annoy annoying annoyed outwards exit

firm psychologically encouragement conduct resign

companion assistance congratulate congratulation graduation

certificate architect adequate access accessible

handy row basement

二、固定搭配

1. beneficial adj.有益的，受益的 benefit n.益处，利益 vt.使受益 vi.有益于，得益于

(必须背过)Reading a lot benefits us. = We benefit a lot from/by reading.

Reading a lot is of great benefit to us. =Reading a lot is very beneficial to us.

for the benefit of …为了…的利益

短语 in other words 换句话说 in a/one word 总之 leave word 留言

keep/break one’s word 遵守/不遵守诺言 Word came that+从句 [U] …消息传来

have a word with….与…谈话 have words with….与…争吵

3. breath [breθ] n.呼吸 breathe [bri:ð]v.呼吸 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的

take a deep breath 深吸一口气 lose one’s breath. 喘不过气来 hold one’s breath 屏吸

out of date过期，过时 out of order出毛病；混乱out of reach够不着 out of touch失去联系

4. cut out 1)删除 2)剪裁 3）停止（做某事） 4）戒除

cut off 1)切掉；2)使隔绝；切断 cut up 切碎；剪碎 cut in 插嘴,打断

cut down 1)减少，缩减；2)（为健康）少吃…少喝…；3)砍倒（树木）

5. absence n. 不在；缺席；缺乏 adj. absent 不在场的；缺席的

absent-minded adj.心不在焉的 during/ in one’s absence在某人不在时= in the absence of sb.

in the absence of sth.…缺乏…，因缺乏…

be absent from 缺席，不在场 be present at 出席，在场

6. ambition n [U,C] 雄心，野心【C】追求的目标；志向 ambitious adj.有野心的，有雄心的

have (an) ambition to do sth. 有做某事的野心 be ambitious for对…有野心

achieve one’s ambition 实现某人的抱负

7. adapt v. 1) 使适应 2) 改编

sb. adapt to(介词)… 某人适应 sb. adapt oneself/sb. to 使某人适应/适合

adapt A for B 把A改编成B. adapt…from… 由…改编成= be adapted from

8. all in all总而言之 above all首先;最重要的是 after all毕竟;终究 in all= in total总共;总之

first of all首先 not at all根本不;别客气 for all虽然;尽管 all the best 一切顺利

9. annoy v使„不悦, 惹恼 adj. annoyed(人) annoying（物）adv. annoyingly n. annoyance

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annoy sb with /by doing sth因（做）某事使某人烦恼 be annoyed at / about /by sth.被某事困扰

be annoyed with sb. 生„„的气 be annoyed to do sth烦恼地做某事 be annoyed that…

What annoys me most is that he is always making mistakes.

10. make fun of “取笑” 类似表达：play a joke/jokes on, play a trick/tricks on, laugh at

for fun. 为了好玩 have fun with sth. have fun (in) doing sth. 玩得开心，玩得高兴

11. encourage vt.鼓励;激励;支持adj. encouraged(人) encouraging（物）encouragingly adv.

encourage sb in sth在某事上鼓励某人 encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事

What encouraged me most was his encouraging words.

12.(必须背过)1) The place is worth visiting/ a visit.

2) The place is worthy of being visited / a visit

to be visited

3) It is worthwhile to visit the place

visiting the place

13. resign as +职位 辞去..的职位 resign from 从…辞职 resign…to…把…托付给…

resign oneself to one’s fate 听天由命

14. assistance [U] 帮助 assist v.帮助 assistant n.助手

With the assistance/help of sb. = with one’s assistance 在某人的帮助下

come to one’s assistance 来帮助某人

assist sb. with sth. assist sb. to do sth. assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人(做)某事

15. congratulate vt. 祝贺；庆贺 n. congratulation 祝贺 [多用复数]

congratulate (sb.) on sth.就某事向某人表示祝贺 congratulations (to sb) on sth.向某人祝贺

adequate for sth. 1) 对…来说是足够的 2) 胜任…

The supply is not adequate for the demand. He is not adequate for the position.

be adequate to do sth. 足以做某事

The result of the experiment is adequate to prove the findings right.

17. access [U]1)(接近的)方法;通路;可接近性2)(使用某物或接近某人)的机会或权利

adj. accessible 反义词 inaccessible 难以接近的；难以进入的

the access to(介词)…的方法； 通往…的道路

have/get gain access to sth. (使用某物或接近某人)的机会或权利

Every student has free access to the library.

18. approve 1) vt 批准 2) 赞同；同意 n. approval

approve of one’s doing sth. 同意某人做某事meet with one’s approval获得某人的认可或赞同

三、重点句式

1. Every time I meet with him, he is always wearing a bright smile.

(1)可以充当连词：the first/last time，each/every time，next time，any time

the moment/instant/immediate/second 一…就… （=as soon as…）

immediately/directly/instantly 一…就 the day/week/year/spring/summer/autumn/winter

高二英语 第2页 (共4页) 选修七-Unit 1 知识点清单 Edited by: Zhai Deli

2. Word came that Chairman Xi would pay a visit to Jingying middle school.(消息传来)

3. It is as bright a day as it was yesterday.

Give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.

4. It is said that he has gone to America for further study.= He is said to have gone to America for

further study.

5. The mother, as well as her two kids, is crossing the road.(就前原则)

As well as looking after/ attending her sick mother, she had to do much housework.

四、语法(动词不定式)(固定搭配必须记准确并背过)

1.动词不定式的形式及其时态和语态

时态

语态

一般式 进行式 完成式

主动语态 to do to be doing to have done

被动语态 to be done 无 to have been done

1) 一般式(to do )

表示的动作通常与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生; to be done逻辑主语与不定式之间是被动的关系

I saw him go out. (see 与go out 同时发生)

I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.( attend 的动作在plan 之后发生)

It’s a great honor (for me) to be invited to the party. (me 与invite 之间是被动的关系

2) 进行式(to be doing)

表示不定式的动作正在进行。 He pretended to be working hard. 他假装正在努力工作

They are said to be studying psychology.据说他们正在研究心理学。

3) 完成式( to have done)

表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前；to have been done 除表示发生在谓语动词之前外，还表示其逻辑主语与动词不定式之间是被动关系。

I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.

He is believed to have learnt to adapt to his disability.

= It is believed that he has learnt to adapt to his ability.

[拓展] 1) 在intended, expected, hoped, thought, promised, wanted, whished +to have done,表示过去没有实现的计划，期待或希望等。常翻译为 “本…”

I hoped to have finished the work earlier. 本希望…

I intended to have resigned from the company.本打算…

2) 在seem, appear, think, consider, believe等表示看法与想法的动词后+to have done,表示不定式的动作先于谓语动词seem，appear等表示的动作发生。

It seems that he has cut off the water supply.=He seems to have cut off the water supply.

2.常见的直接跟to do 做宾语的动词：hope, learn, decide, agree, expect, manage, offer等

We agreed to meet here, but so far she hasn't turned up yet.

3.不带to的动词不定式的结构

1) 感官动词和使役动词后：一感 feel 二听 listen to, hear 三让make, have; let 五看 see,

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watch, observe, look at, notice.(总结为“吾看三室两厅一感觉”)

感官动词/使役动词+sb. +do sth.

I often hear him sing the song.= he is often heard to sing the song.

(主动语态to去掉。被动语态to 还原)

2) Why do sth.?/ why not do sth.

Why not congratulate her?

3) cannot but, cannot choose but, cannot help but + do sth. 只好做某事，不得不做某事

I cannot but admire his courage.我只有佩服他的勇气

4) 介词but, except, besides前面如果有行为动词do的各种形式则介词后不带to,否则带to

总结为“前有do 后无to;前无do后有to”

She could do nothing but ______(cry). I have no choice but ________(work) for the firm.

Have no choice but to do sth; have nothing to do but do sth. 除…之外，别无选择

5) 最好做某事had better do sth.; 最好不要做某事 had better not do sth.

4. being done(进行的被动)/ to be done(将来的被动)/ done(完成的被动)

1) The meeting being held now is very important.

2) The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.

3) The meeting held yesterday was very important.

5. having done 和to have done 的区别

1) Having finished his work, he went to the movies.（与he之间是主动关系；finished动作发生于went 之前）

2) I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. (to have done 常用于固定搭配)

(be sorry to do sth.； keep 发生在 be sorry 之前)

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