2024年4月26日发(作者：)

一、 About repetition

（一）冗余词

1. 好的写作通常言简意赅。

Careful writers say what they mean in as few words as possible. -----p1 The

Translator’s Guide to Chinglish

2. 冗余词的词义在句子的其他成分中已有体现。包含或隐含义。

Superfluous/unnecessary words (冗余词) they are redundant because their sense

is already included or implied in some other element of the sentence

t implies agriculture harvest in agriculture （X）

充当动词语义的形容词或名词均应提高至动词词性？

adjective or nouns that do the verb work should be promoted to the rank of verb.

Duplicate the sense/add nothing to

3. 对于重复语义的用词：例如，形容词本就是描述其修饰名词的特征，通

常附有“in nature” 等范畴词。

Any adjective describes the “nature” or “character” of the noun it modifies. E.g.,

these hardships are temporary in nature （X）

4. 冗余词不影响语义，删除该类词，并不有损语义，反而使语义更明晰

some unnecessary words add nothing to the meaning of the sentence, when

they are deleted the sense is not diminished, only clarified.

5. 不必要的修饰词-加强词：用一个能有力且准确地表达加强语与虚词两者

语义的词。

Unnecessary modifiers – intensifiers: find a strong, precise word that by itself will

convey the meaning of both the intensifier and the weak word. Eg., extremely

important=essential, imperative, vital, indispensable, crucial

(二)重复的作用

1. 中文中的重复/重叠情况更为常见。一般用于消除模糊性（去模糊化）、

加强语义、形成语言均衡感以及对称感，或仅是满足听觉需要。

About repetition/duplication is apparently in Chinese: It may be necessary to avoid

ambiguity, to reinforce meaning, to provide balance and symmetry, or just to satisfy the

ear.

2. 而英文中，如非修辞强调或重述要旨，则不应在相同段落重复语义。

“Unless for rhetorical emphasis, or necessary recapitulation (重述要旨)， no idea

should be presented more than once in the same prose passage

3. 强调的作用：在诗歌中，用于阐明语义、加以强调、增强幽默效果，否

则将引来不适或干扰内容的呈现。

Role of repetition：in poetry, for example, or for clarity, emphasis, or humorous

effect, otherwise, it is perceived as an annoyance and a distraction from the content.

4. 处理方法：改变说法

Changing the wording

（1）原则上，在中译英中，删减重复句段与否仅仅是技巧问题，即准确地传

达语义。事实上，译者需要更多地考虑文本的特征以及目标受众。考虑该文章是

针对一般杂志的大众读者，或是受外国外交部或企业总部密切关注的官方声明？

是一篇自发评论，还是一篇现成演讲稿的引用？

In principle, the decision to cut or not to cut should be made on purely technical

considerations---how best to convey the sense of the Chinese in English. In practice,

however, you may feel obliged to take into account the nature of the text and its

intended audience.

Is it an article addressed to the casual readers of a general interest magazine, or is

it an official pronouncement that will be closely studied abroad in foreign ministries or

corporate headquarters? Is this just a spontaneous remark, or is it a quotation from a

prepared speech?

（2）在这种情况下，译者可通过改变说法的方式，避免明显的重复。

In that case, you may still try to make the repetition less obtrusive (扎眼的、过分

炫耀的) by a change of wording.

有关原文语义或原作意图：

译者的职责并不是仅仅找到与原文中文对应的英文，而且应该是能够准确传

达作者意图传达给读者的信息。以传达中文作者的风格、然非同等程度，而是相

同的价值。

About the translation of meaning or intention of the writer:

The professional responsibility of the translator is not to trade English words for

Chinese equivalents but to select those English words that “convey to the reader the

meaning of the writer.” It is to give Chinese authors fair exchange for their characters,

not in equal measure but in equal value.

二、About noun plague名词滥用

（一） 名词冗余

1. 抽象名词的模糊性。缺乏具体的主语或宾语，“XX”语义模糊、不固定。

名词转换为动词，将“xx”附于直接宾语，因此避免误解语义。将名词转换为动

词，其后紧跟直接宾语，语义清晰。

A classic example of the ambiguity of abstract nouns. “Analysis” is a vague,

floating notion, without either subject or object (whose analysis? Of what?). The noun

was changed to verb, this anchored “analysis” to a direct object and thus made the

meaning unmistakable. Changing the noun to a verb can help specify a direct object