2024年4月23日发(作者：)

2019考研英语长难句解析（17）

It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know

exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted

by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on

the microscope.

词汇突破：

auditors 审计人员

Distract 分散注意力

cash register 收银机

结构分析：

切分：It is entirely reasonable/ for auditors /to believe that /scientists who

know exactly where they are going and how they will get there/ should not be

distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the

other eye is on the microscope.

简化：it is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that A should not be

distracted by B.

A= scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get

there

B= the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye

is on the microscope.

通过这样的切分和简化，大家会发现其实复杂的就是由名词牵扯出来的成分。

微观解析：scientists should not be distracted 宾语从句主干

who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there 定语从句

修饰scientist

where they are going and how they will get there定语从句中know的宾语从句

by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye

is on the microscope.状语

of keeping one eye on the cash register修饰the necessity 做定语;

while the other eye is on the microscope状语

(一个ing结构本质上就是一个句子，是能够带上一个状语从句的。这里的while和

前两天的while不一样，表示的是伴随)

译文赏析：审查者完全有理由相信，哪些知道自己准备做什么、怎么做的科学家不应

该因为必须一只眼盯着收银机，另一只眼盯着显微镜而被分散注意力。

( By短语在句子中是充当状语，翻译为原; where they are going and how they

will get there处理为知道做什么，知道怎么做，这样的表达符合中文的习惯。如果直接

翻译为：知道他们要去哪里和怎么去，就是对于字面含义的翻译。属于死译)

还能够翻译为：审查者完全有理由相信，有些科学家是不应该因为必须一只眼睛盯着

收银机，另一只眼镜盯着显微镜而被分散注意力的。因为，他们知道自己准备做什么和怎

么去做。

(收银机代表钱，显微镜代表科研;科学家应该专注于科研，不需要考虑钱的事情)

所以又能够这样翻译： 对于十分清楚方向并且知道方法的科学家们，审计者完全有

理由相信他们不应该在做研究时，为了科研经费而分心。