2024年4月11日发(作者：)

2022年高考英语知识梳理--实义动词

实义动词 一、按词汇功能分类

一、按词汇功能分类

1.不及物动词

ache 疼痛 apologize 道歉 appear 出现

come 来 cough 咳嗽

die 死 disappear 消失

arrive 到达

cry 哭 dance 跳舞

exist 存在

happen 发生

run 跑

fall 掉

lie 躺

stay 呆、留

flow 流淌 go 去

listen 听 rise 升起

sit 坐 stand 站

2.及物动词

succeed 成功 swim 游泳

accept 接受 borrow 借 bury 埋 cover 覆盖

defeat 挫败 discover 发现 enjoy 喜欢 excite 使激动

forget 忘记 guess 猜测 interest 使感兴趣 love 热爱

please 使高兴 put 放 raise 提高 surprise 使凉讶

3.双宾语动词

（1）及物动词+ sb.

allow 允许 award 授予 bring 带给 hand 交给

mail 邮寄 offer 提供 owe 欠 pass 传递

pay 付给 sell 卖给 lend 借给 write 写

post 邮递 read 读给 return 归还 send 寄给

serve 招待 show 展示 take 拿给 teach 教导

tell 告诉 throw 扔

He gave me a picture-book as a present.他给我一本图画书做礼物。

He gave a picture-book to me as a present.

I returned him the storybook.我把故事书还给他了。

I returned the storybook to him.

（2）及物动词+ sb.

book 预定 buy 买 choose 选择 cook 做饭 draw 画

fetch 去取 pick 选择 make 制作 order 订购 get 得到

prepare 准备 save 节省 sing 唱歌 steal 偷 fix 安装

find 找到

He bought me a picture-book as a present.他给我买了一本图画书做礼物。

He bought a picture-book for me as a present.

I’ve ordered you an air ticket.我已为你预订了一张机票。

I’ve ordered an air ticket for you.

【提示】

只能用“动词+直宾+to+间宾”结构动词：explain，announce，report，suggest。

The teacher explained the difficult point of grammar to me.老师给我讲解了语法难点。

He announced to her his intention of going.他向她宣布他打算离开。

I reported the theft to the police.我向警方报告了这起盗窃案。

He suggested the plan to Haas.他向哈斯提出那个计划。

4.复合结构动词

（1）及物动词+宾语+形容词

believe 相信 consider 认为 cut 切 dye 染

declare 宣布 drive 驱使 find 发现 force 强迫

imagine 想象 judge 判断 keep 使保持 leave 留下

make 使 push 推 paint 漆 set 使

ou drive me mad when you say that.你讲这话真叫我恼火。

They judged her stupid.他们认为她很蠢。

Please set the bird free.请把鸟放掉吧。

Mr Tomshon declared his story false.汤姆逊先生说他讲的事是假的。

（2）及物动词+宾语+名词

call 叫 choose 选择 consider 认为 elect 选举 find 找到