2024年4月11日发(作者：)

单句语法填空/单句改错

1.（2019全国I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut have reported increases

in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a _____ (believe) that populations

are increasing.

【答案】belief

【解析】考查词性转化。根据其前不定冠词和其后的同位语从句可知，空格处为名词形式，故填belief

2.（2019全国II卷）We are so proud of her. It's (wonder).”

【答案】wonderful

【解析】考查词性转化。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，需要把名词

wonder转化为形容词wonderful。故填wonderful。

3.（2019全国III卷）When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and

let us know of an interesting (compete)to watch，together with the story behind it.

【答案】competition

【解析】考查词性转化。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该

填名词形式。故填competition。

4.（2019 浙江卷）School uniforms are (tradition) in Britain, but some schools

are starting to get rid of them.

【答案】traditional

【解析】考查词性转化。句意：穿校服在英国是一个传统，但是一些学校开始允许学生上学不用穿

校服。are是系动词，其后常用形容词作表语，tradition是名词，“传统”的意思，因此，用其形

容词形式。故填traditional。

5.（2018全国I卷）To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to 1

(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running g is cheap，

easy and it's always2 (energy)．

【答案】第一空strengthen ；第二空energetic

【解析】考查词性转化。第一空，分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应填

动词strengthen，意为“增强，加强”。第二空，and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的

特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为“需要能

量的，剧烈的”。

6.（2018全国II卷）This switch has decreased (pollute) in the country's major lakes

1

and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.

【答案】pollution

【解析】考查词性转化。pollution 考查名词。此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。

7（2018全国II卷）According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total

(globe) fertilizer consumption.

【答案】global

【解析】考查词性转化。global 考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式global作定语。

8.（2019 浙江卷）The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be (afford)

but doing this most days adds up.

【答案】affordable

【解析】考查词性转化。affordable 考查形容词。根据语境可知，一周在外就餐一到两次可能是可

以负担得起的，故填形容词affordable。

9. （2019 浙江卷）Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase

in food eaten outside the home and the rise in (weigh) problems.

【答案】affordable

【解析】考查词性转化。weight 考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示“体重问题”，故空处需要填名

词weight。

10.（2017全国I卷）However, be (care)not to go to extremes.

【答案】careful

【解析】考查词性转换之名词变为形容词。be之后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful。

[知识链接] 常见的以­ful结尾的形容词：

awful糟糕的，极坏的 beautiful美丽的

wonderful美妙的，精彩的

useful有用的

thankful感谢的

careful仔细的

helpful有帮助的

meaningful有意义的

grateful感激的

colorful五彩缤纷的

hopeful有希望的 regretful遗憾的

11.（2017全国II卷）This development was only possible with the (introduce) of

electricpowered engines and lifts.

【答案】introduction

2