2024年4月11日发(作者：)

1. 本讲课程涉及的知识点在高考考试大纲中对应的考点为动词的时态、语态；

2. 该考点具体到考核目标与要求为：

各种时态及含情态动词的被动形式

主动形式表被动意义的用法

不能用于被动语态的及物动词和动词短语

3. 该考点常出现在单项选择题中，试题的设问大多是在一定的语境中，大体分值为1-2

分；在书面表达中也重点考查了学生的语态的使用。

点拨

一、知识精讲

高考必会的9种时态的被动语态，以动词clean为例：

被动语态

一般现在时的被动语态

一般过去时的被动语态

一般将来时的被动语态

过去将来时的被动语态

现在进行时的被动语态

过去进行时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态

过去完成时的被动语态

将来完成时的被动语态

例 句

Our classroom is cleaned every day.

Our classroom was cleaned just now.

Our classroom will be cleaned soon.

She said the classroom would be cleaned soon.

Our classroom is being cleaned now.

The classroom was being cleaned when I came in.

The classroom has been cleaned twice today.

She said the classroom had been cleaned twice

today.

The classroom will have been cleaned before you

come.

（一）动词被动语态的构成

1. 被动语态的构成方式：be+ done

2. get常与marry, beat, break, tear, hurt, repair, dress, pay等动词的过去分词

连用，构成被动语态，一般指动作的结果。

【例句】

These workers got paid by the hour. 这些工人是按小时得到报酬的。

状元典例

—I am not going to play football this year, Mum.

—That’s music to my ears. I was so afraid you _____.

A. will be hurt B. would get hurt C. had got hurt D. were hurt

答案：B

思路分析：答语的句意为：那听起来太好了，我是那么担心你会受伤。主句的谓语动词

是was，所以可以去掉A选项。根据句意应该用将来时，hurt作“受伤”讲时，要说be hurt，

在此处get等同于be，故选B。

3. 带有情态动词的被动语态

构成：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词

【例句】

Can this radio be repaired here?" 这里能修理这台收音机吗？

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Your composition must be handed in tomorrow. 你的作文明天必须交。

状元典例

The best use _______ our present machine.

A. must be made of B. must be made C. must make of D. must make

答案：A

思路分析：句意为：一定要充分利用我们目前（拥有）的机器。该句中有make use of

sth.，变为带情态动词must的被动语态时 ，要用must be done 的结构，use和sth.都可

提前作主语。

（二）英语中的被动语态常用于以下场合：

1. 不知道动作的执行者；不必提到动作的执行者

【例句】

Street lights are often turned on at six in winter. >K

The new text book will be used in the next term.5n

状元典例

No permission has ______ for anybody to enter the building.

A. been given B. given C. to give D. be giving

答案：A

思路分析：permission意为“允许，许可”，是“被给予”的，需用被动语态的形式。

2. 强调或侧重动作的承受者；动作的执行者很模糊

【例句】

This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop.

The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.

状元典例

Coubertin ______ as the founder of the modern Olympic Movement.

A. regards B. is regarded C. has regarded D. was regarded

答案：B

思路分析：根据句意“顾拜旦被看做是现代奥林匹克运动的创始人”课判断出为被动语

态，故选B。

（三）要注意以下特殊形式的被动语态

1. 带有双宾语的被动语态

如果主动语态的动词后既有直接宾语，又有间接宾语，一般是将间接宾语改为被动语态

句中的主语，将直接宾语保留在原处。如果是将直接宾语改为被动语态句中的主语，将间接

宾语保留在原处时，一般要在间接宾语前加介词to或 for。

【例句】

Grandma told me an interesting story last night.

→Ｉwas told an interesting story last night./ An interesting story was told

to me last night.

状元典例

My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.

→ An interesting book ________________________________________ on my

birthday.

→ I ________________________________________________ on my birthday.

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