2024年3月17日发(作者：)

名词后缀

后缀

ness

ity

ence

ance/ancy

ment

ion

ation

sion

ship

hood

age

th

例子

Happiness, cleverness, shyness, kindness, politeness,

coldness, neatness

reality, equality, popularity,, possibility,

responsibility,probability

absence,difference, excellence, patience， presence

Instance,distance,importance,brilliancy,constancy,

development,amazement,excitement,disappointment,

treatment,argument,judgment,enjoyment,agreement

collection, selection, action,inspection

express-expression,discussion,impress-impression

Educate-education/liberation,translation

invasion,conclusion，provision

Friendship,hardship,relationship

Childhood, neighborhood

Marriage,shortage,package, passage

Truth,warmth, health, growth

规律

形容词+ness变成名词;,辅音字母+Y结尾，该y为i再加ness

形容词+ity变成名词,以e结尾去掉e再加ity,le结尾改为il再加

ity

ent结尾的形容词变成名词改为ence

带“－ant”后缀的形容词其相应名词－ance或－ancy后 缀。

动词+ment变成名词

以t结尾的动词+ion变成名词

以-ss结尾的动词在转变成与其相对应的名词形式时，加-ion

以ate结尾的动词在转变时，应该去掉不发音的e再加ion

以de结尾的动词，变成与其对应的名词时，去掉de再加上sion

名词+ship

表示“某种关系或状态”、“某种技能”

名词+hood

表示“时期，性质等”

动词+age表示“集合”

动词+th,表示“过程，状态，性质”

形容词后缀

后缀

y

al

ful

less

able

ive

前缀

dis

un

例子

funny, lucky, snowy, thirsty, windy,

sunny, rainy, cloudy, dirty, dusty

habitual, musical, national,political, practical, professional

beautiful, colorful, helpful, powerful, successful,

useful, wonderful

Homeless, regretless, thoughtless, hopeless

reliable，drinkable，eatable

active,inventive, creative, expensive

例子

disloyal,disobey,dissimilar,disable,disagree,disadvant

age,disability

Unimaginable,uninteresting,uncomfortable,unskillful,u

nexpected,unending

uncover,unlock,undress

mature-immature,mortal-immortal,polite-impolite,bal

ance-imbalance

irreligious,irregular,irresponsible

illogical,--logical,legal-illegal,literate-illterate,limitabl

e-illimitable

misunderstanding,mislead,misfortune

规律

加在名词之后,表示“具有……特征的”、“多……的”

al 该词缀大多是加在名词后形成形容词的

加在名词之后构成形容词，表示“充满……的”、“有……性质的”

－less “－less”加在名词、动词后，表示“无”、“缺”

名词、形容词+ive变成形容词

否定前缀

规律

动词、形容词、抽象名词前构成否定或相反的意思

un 主要加在im ,in,开头，able,ful,ed,-ing结尾的词,或者其他派生词

加在动词前表示相反动作

b,m,p 开头的词用im作否定前缀

以r开头的词用“ir-“作否定前缀

以l开头的词用“il-“作否定前缀

错误的，坏的

im

ir

il

mis