2024年3月16日发(作者：)

Unit 3 Conservation

Part Ⅵ 单元语法专题——限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

定语从句体系构建图

语法精讲

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

在复合句中用来限制、描绘或说明主句中某一名词或代词而起定语作用的从句叫定语从

句；定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词；引导定语从句的词叫关系词。按照关系词在

定语从句中所作的成分，可将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。根据定语从句与先行词之间

关系的密切程度，定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。

一、定语从句的关系词

1．关系词在定语从句中的作用：①连接主句和从句；②指代先行词；③在从句中充当一

定的句子成分。

2．关系词的分类：①关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；②关系副词when,

where, why等。

3．引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副

词有where, when, why等。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有which, who, whom, whose,

as；关系副词有where, when。

[即学即练1] 单句语法填空

①They were well trained by their masters ________ had great experience with

caring for these animals.

②If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution

________ suits everyone.

③We have entered into an age ________ dreams have the best chance of coming true.

④By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful

and mysterious world ________ I am now a new character.

⑤There are several reasons ________ school uniforms are a good idea. First of

all, uniforms help the school look smart.

⑥Dr. Rowan, ________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his

own typing.

二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

1．作用不同

限制性定语从句用于修饰先行词，具有限制作用，使先行词的含义更具体、更明确，因

此不可缺少，否则主句的意思就不完整或将失去意义。非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不是

十分密切，只是对先行词作附加或补充性的说明，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整、清楚。

❶People who take physical exercise regularly live longer.经常进行体育锻炼的

人更长寿。(若把定语从句去掉，句子意义不完整)(限制性定语从句)

❷His daughter, who is in Shenzhen now, is coming home next week.他女儿现在在

深圳，下星期回家。(若把定语从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整)(非限制性定语从句)

[即学即练2] 单句语法填空

①Later, he worked in Africa, ________ many people suffered from blindness for

lack of proper treatment.

②Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food ________ is provided by

Mom with appreciation.

2．形式不同

限制性定语从句与主句之间不用逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号和主句隔开。

❶The book that/which you borrowed last week is really moving.上周你借的那本

书真令人感动。

❷This is an important present, which I received yesterday.这是一件重要的礼物，

我是昨天收到它的。

3．先行词不同

限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词既可

为单个的名词或代词，也可为整个主句或其中一部分。

❶This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我看过的最好的小说。(限制

性定语从句，先行词是the best novel)

❷He changed his mind，which made me very angry.他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(非

限制性定语从句，which指整个主句)

[即学即练3] 单句语法填空

①You can be the one ________ directs the conversation to fun topics that are

ripe for others to add humor.

②She and her family bicycle to work, ________ helps them keep fit.

③ owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ________ he gave it

to his grandson.