2024年3月8日发(作者：)

* Unit 3 Fascinating Parks

Learning about Language

Period 1

Find the sentences in the reading passage that contain the words below

and explain the meaning of these words.

I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent.

厂

(v.) (especially of wind or wave) to strike repeatedly or violently

I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge.

(n.) the outer limit of an object

…no one else can live here, and all new

park boundaries.

development is banned within

(v.) to officially or legally prohibit

remote

I'm in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park, a place with

no roads or towns.(adj.) far from, not close

Learn about language

Match each word with its proper meaning and make a sentence with it.

(G)

(C)

(D)

(A)

(F)

(B)

(E)

(H)

1 buffet v.

2 buffet n.

3 edge v.

4 edge n.

5 ban v.

6 ban n.

7 remote adj.8 remote n.

A the outer limit of an object

B an official or legal prohibition

C a meal with several dishes from which people serve themselves

D move carefully towards something

E far from, not close

F officially or legally prohibit

G (especially of wind or wave) strike repeatedly with a lot of force

H (informal) a device for controlling something else from a distance

Make sentences:

| • buffet:

I* edge:

I

I

I

• ban:

'. remote:Many kids like buffet dinners where a variety of food is provided, (n.)

The little boy edged nervously past the dog. (v.)

The government has issued a total ban on smoking in school, (n.)

I have to show my grandmother how to use the remote to change TV

programmes, (n.)

Learn about language

Work out the meanings of the underlined words in the sentences below and

state whether they are compounds or derivatives.

(1) I believe that a journalist should be completely objective.

derivative derivative

(2) Whenever I sneeze, my English teacher says, "Bless you!” compound

(3) We are impressed by the vastness and breathtaking beauty of the oceans.

derivative compound

(4) He bought a traditional tea set at the airport: a nice teapot and four teacups.

derivative compound compound compound

(5) He ordered the dish labelled "Pumpkin Pie and Ice Cream".

compound

Learn about language

Complete the passage below with the correct forms of the words in the box.

I

! boundary visible remote vast on the move ban set up !

I

I. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ j

The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with

boundaries stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russia's wildlife reserves. This

vast new park is nearly four times larger than the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in

Northeast China. Over the years, increased development in the area affected the tigers' habitat, and

it was thought that by 1998 there were only six to nine wild Siberian tigers living in the remote

region.

Learn about languag

---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

! boundary visible remote vast on the move ban set up |

However, a ban on development put in place in 20XX resulted in a visible population increase

of the species, and now the area is thought to have about 35 tigers and 70 leopards. The problem,

however, was that the old park was too small to support further population increases. Always

on the move , Siberian tigers and leopards need large areas to hunt for food. This larger park,

with a connection to Russia's wildlife reserves across the border, should give these species the

natural space they need to live in.

Summary

Word formation

英语的单词不断开展、不断增加，新词的构成要服从一定的语法规那么，遵循一定的规律。 语言学家把这种专门研究词形变化现象和规那么的学问称为词形学(Morphology),通常 简称为构词法(Word Formation)。

"三种主要构词方法〕

1. 转化(Conversion):不借助构词词缀，把一个单词从一种词类转化成另一种词类。由 于词类转化的结构，英语中就形成了大量外形相同但词类不同的词，即同形异类词。 例如:film n.电影=>

film v.拍电影

2. 派生(Derivation、：通过加前缀和后缀构枣另外一个词。

例如：h叩py adj.快乐的=> unhappy adj.不快乐的加前缀 happy adj.快乐的=> happiness n.快乐加后缀

3. 合成(Compounding):由两个或更多词构成一个词。 例如:black adj.黑的 + board n.板=>

blackboard n.黑板

Summary

~'借助构词法进行词义猜想

在阅读文章的过程中，有些生词其实并不“生、它们可能是我们所熟悉的词的“变体”。 所以，可以尝试根据构词法来猜想这些词的含义。

以下面段落中的红色词为例：

After graduating in 1953, he worked as a researcher. Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not

the solution. Instead, farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had. How this could be done was a

challenging question at the time. Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of

hybrid rice. A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species. One characteristic of hybrids is

that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops. However, whether it was possible to develop

a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. The common assumption then

was that it could not be done. Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to

develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to expand

their output greatly.

Summary

词义猜想解析：

researcher是名词research （意为：“调查研究”）后面加了表示“人”的后缀“er”，所以,

researcher的含义应该是做调查研究的人，即“研究员”。

u,Jcreation是动词create （意为：“创造”）后面加了表示名词词性的后缀-tion ,所以， creation是名词“创造”。

在self-pollinating中）“self-”这个前缀表示“自己的，自我的”；pollinate是动词

“对……授粉”，后面加了 “-ing”变成形容词词性。所以，self-pollinating该是形容词

“自己授粉的”含义。

output是介词out （意为“向外的”）和名词或动词put （意为“投，投掷，出发，放”等） 构成的合成词，由于pm的词义较多，单纯依靠构词法比拟难猜想。结合上下文，“这种水 稻使农民极大地提高了……。”，可猜到output是名词“产量”的含义。

'总结

掌握构词法可以帮助识别词类，了解词义，扩大词汇量，通过词与词的关系建立清晰的 词汇概念，对提高英语语言能力有很大帮助。

」

Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets.

1. The price varies enormously (enormous) depending on where the wine was produced.

2. The shop assistant carefully labelled (label) each item with the price and the date, as if he

were handling a valuable piece of art.

3. At the age of 24,1 became a journalist .(journal), writing for a local newspaper.

4. Jane started a special column (column) about gap-year travelling in the school magazine.

5. Parents prefer taking their children to some places that combine entertainment (entertain)

with education.

Practice

Translate the sentences into English using the words and phrases in brackets.

1. 非洲广袤的草原，迷人的景色吸引了世界各地的自然爱好者。

(vast, fascinating, appeal to)

The vast African prairie and fascinating scenery appeal to nature lovers from all over

the world.

2. 在这个偏远的小村庄里，只有一条很窄的公路可以通往外面的世界。

(remote, route)

There is only one narrow route connecting the remote village and the outside world.

1 .湖水清澈，可以清晰地看见水中倒映的雪山。

(upside down, snow-covered mountain)

The lake water is so crystal-clear that you can see snow-covered mountains reflected

upside down in it.

2.蒸汽机的创造给现代世界带来了巨大的变化。

(steam engine)

Inventing steam engines has brought vast changes to the world.

Assignment

Finish exercise 2 and 3 on page 75.