2024年3月5日发(作者：)

Unit 2 Cloning

[单词 拼写应用]

核心单词

1．altogether adv.总共；完全地

2．forbid vt.禁止；不准

3．obtain vt.获得；赢得

4．owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……

5．shortly adv.立刻；不久

6．bother vt.打扰 vi.操心 n．烦扰

7．strike vt.& vi.打；撞击；罢工 n．罢工

8．drawback n．缺点；不利条件

9．undertake vt.着手；从事；承担

10．breakthrough n．突破

11．retire vi.退休；离开

12．resist vt.抵抗；对抗

[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．We are supposed to_undertake (undertake) the responsibility to lead a low-carbon

lifestyle，which is of great significance.

2．Nowadays，energy can be_obtained (obtain) through various sources such as oil，coal，natural gas，solar heat，the wind and ocean tides.

3．Our school is a non-smoking smoking is_forbidden ( forbid ) here.

4．Had I realized you were busy，I wouldn't have_bothered(bother) you with my questions.

5．But just as a coin has two sides，Internet has its own drawbacks (drawback)，which

should not be neglected.

6．Having_retired(retire) from business，he now occupies himself with his garden.

拓展单词

1．differ vi.不同；相异→different adj.不同的→difference n．差异；不同

2．complicate vt.使复杂化→complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的→complication n．复杂

3．correct adj.正确的 v．改正→correction n．改正；纠正；修正

4．object vi.反对；不赞成→objection n．不赞成；反对；异议

5．accumulate vt.& vi.积累；聚积→accumulation n．积累；增加

6．assume vt.假定；设想→assumption n．假定；设想

7．popular adj.流行的；通俗的；受欢迎的→popularity n．受人喜爱；流行

8．decorate v．装饰；装修→decoration n．装饰；装修

9．reason n．原因；道理→reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的

10．exact adj.精确的；准确的→exactly adv.精确地；准确地

[语境运用] 用所给词的适当形式填空。

1．The purpose of education is not only the accumulation of it also means

accumulating intelligence as well as abilities.(accumulate)

2．From the appearance，we cannot tell the differences between the twins，though they

always have some different as for this phenomenon，ideas differ among many

people.(differ)

3．Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no objection to it，while

his father objected to it.(object)

4．Don't assume that you are a princess and stop living in assumptions any more.(assume)

5．We need to know the exact time the incident you'd better describe the

details exactly．(exact)

6．They decorated the room with beautiful Christmas decorations．(decorate)

阅读词汇

1．straightforward adj.简单的；直接的；坦率的

2．twin n．双胞胎之一；孪生儿之一

adj.成对的；成双的

3．cast vt.扔；投；掷

4．procedure n．程序；步骤；手续

5．medium n．媒介；手段；工具

6．compulsory adj.必须做的；义务的；强迫的；强制的

7．adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱

8．opera n．歌剧；歌剧团；歌剧院

9．moral adj.道德(上)的；伦理的

10．initial adj.最初的；开始的

11．vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的

拓展联想

1.“动词＋副词”构成的合成名词

①drawback缺点

②breakdown 崩溃；故障

③farewell 告别

④feedback 反馈

⑤set­up 计划；组织

⑥break­up 分手；中断

2.表示“反对；拒绝”的词荟萃

①against prep.反对

②oppose v．反对

③object vi.反对

④disagree vi.不同意

⑤reject vt.拒绝

⑥refuse v．拒绝

形近词集锦

①resist v．抵抗

②insist v．坚持

③assist v．协助

④assistant n．助手

⑤consist vi.由……组成

⑥consistent adj.始终如一的

熟词生义

你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When I arrived, I saw a 2­to 3­week­old owl. It had already been

placed in a carrier for safety. 临时庇护处；简易的窝

2．(2017·天津卷)This combination of healing myself and healing the world struck me as

the perfect solution. 让人觉得

3．China is the only nuclear state to publicly undertake not to be the first to use nuclear

weapons or to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear weapon states. 承诺；答应

[短语 多维应用]

_down使失望；使沮丧

2．in_favour_of 赞成；支持

高 3．bring_back_to_life 使复生；频 使复活

短 4．(be)_bound_to_(do) 一定或语 注定(做)

5．in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)

_to 反对

[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形式填空。

Are you ①in_favour_of cloning

human beings? Especially when your

health is ②in_poor_condition，you ③are_bound_to want to ④bring

yourself ⑤back_to_life．Don't

cloning technology

doesn't ⑥cast you ⑦down.

[语境运用] 选用左边短语的适当形7．pay_off 得到好结果；取得式填空。

高

频

短

语

成功；偿清

Only if you don't ⑧object_to cloning

8．in_vain 白费力气；枉费心human beings can what you do for

机

your health ⑨pays_off．The successful

9．from_time_to_time 不时；organs' cloning contributes to the

偶尔

10．strike_...into_one's_heart

使……刻骨铭心

patients' recovery.I believe it will

⑩strike the advanced medical

technology ⑪into_your_heart.

1.“in＋名词＋of”⑤in honour of 为了纪念

⑥in terms of

就……而言

2．“in＋名词”短语一览

②in relief 如释重负地

③in short 总之；简言之

④in trouble 陷入麻烦

⑤in need 在困难中；急需

拓 短语全接触

展 ①in favour of赞成；联 支持

想 ②in search of 寻找

③in view of 鉴于；

由于

④in memory of 为了纪念

①in vain白费力气；⑥in danger 在危险中

枉费心机

[句式 结构仿写]

教材原句背诵 句式仿写应用

然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，法1.完全倒装。

Then came the disturbing news that

Dolly had become seriously ill.

国队赢得了世界杯。

Then_came_the_exciting_news that

French football team won the

World Cup.

2.“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。

Although at present human egg cells and

embryos needed for cloning research are

difficult to obtain，newspapers wrote of

evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to

attain their ambitions.

advantage 其优点是……。

The advantage is that if there is a new

骑自行车上班的优势是我们可以过一种低碳生活。

英语中有大量绚烂而华丽但可能很难懂的表达。

English has a huge number of

colourful and splendid expressions

which

may_be_difficult_to_understand.

illness some of these animals may die，but

The_advantage_of_cycling_to_worothers will survive and pass on the ability

to resist that disease to the next

generation.

精讲4个考纲单词

1．differ vi.不同；相异

(1)单句语法填空

①Even though we completely differ from each other in character，we are still great

friends.

②(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Over the years，there have been a number of different(differ)

k_is_that we can live a low­carbon

life.

techniques to help designers approach this important point.

③As we communicate with foreigners，we should pay more attention to the

differences(difference) in our body language.

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

我坚信如果每个人都努力一点，我们将起重大作用。

I hold the firm belief that if everyone makes a little effort，we

can__make__a__big__difference．

先理解再牢记

(1)differ in在……方面不同

differ from 与……不同

(2)difference n．不同之处

make a difference 起作用；有影响

(3)different adj.不同的

be in...在……方面与……不同

(4)differently adv.不同地

[佳句背诵] The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in character.

vt.禁止；不准(forbade，forbad；forbidden；forbidding)

(1)单句语法填空/单句改错

①It is high time that we forbade setting (set) off fireworks in urban areas.

②I think the middle school students should be forbidden to_use (use) smartphones at

school.

③I think it necessary to forbid shops and supermarkets offering free plastic shopping

ng前加from

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)We were forbidden from going out，so we had to stay at home aimlessly.

(高级表达)Forbidden_from_going_out，we had to stay at home aimlessly.(分词短语作状语)

先理解再牢记

forbid . 禁止某人某事

forbid doing sth.禁止做某事

禁止某人做某事

forbid doing sth.forbid do sth.[联想发散] 与forbid用法类似荟萃：

①allow/permit/advise do sth.

②allow/permit/advise doing sth.

vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……；应感谢

(1)单句语法填空

①My English teacher is such a great soul，to whom I owe many thanks.

②I owe it to you that I have made great progress in my English.

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)Owing to her assistance，we succeeded in starting the engine.

(高级表达)It_was_owing_to_her_assistance_that we succeeded in starting the engine.(强调句型)

先理解再牢记

(1)owe apology该向某人道歉

owe .＝owe sb.欠某人某物

(把……归功于……

owe it to ...多亏某人……

(3)owing to 因为；由于

[佳句背诵] I owe an apology to you for being unable to travel with you.

vt.& vi.打；撞击；罢工；袭击；报时；划(火柴)；忽然想起 n．罢工

(1)写出下列句中strike的词性和词义

①A big earthquake struck the city last year，killing dozens of .突然袭击

②A wonderful idea struck me suddenly when I was walking on the .忽然想起

③It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.

n.罢工

④I got up early this morning before the clock struck five.

vt.&_vi.(钟)报时

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)Because we were struck by the beauty of the West Lake，we stopped to admire

the beautiful scenery.

(高级表达)Struck__by_the_beauty_of_the_West_Lake，we stopped to admire the

beautiful scenery.(过去分词作状语)

先理解再牢记

(1)be struck with/by为……所袭击(感动)

It strikes 我觉得……；我的印象是……

sb.某人突然想到……

(2)strike ...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心

(3)be on strike 在罢工

go on strike 举行罢工

诠释2个核心短语

1．pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清

(1)单句语法填空

①What made him happy was that after all these years he at last paid off all his debts.

②(2017·天津卷)Will you please pay a visit to Tianjin again so that we may meet again?

③I'd also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether

accommodation is included.

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

( 2017·全国卷Ⅱ)我想邀请你参观剪纸展览。

I'd_like_to_invite_you_to_pay_a_visit_to the paper­cutting exhibition.

先理解再牢记

pay for为……付款；为……付出代价

pay sb.(for sth.)为……付款给某人

pay back 还钱；报复

pay a visit to 拜访

pay attention to 注意

[名师点津] pay off表示“得到回报；取得成功”时是不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态。

good/poor condition状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)

(1)单句改错/单句语法填空

①I don't care about the price，as long as the cellphone is in good ions→condition

②They agreed to lend me the car on condition that I return it before the weekend.

(2)[链接写作]——句式升级

(普通表达)You should lose heart on no condition when you are in trouble.

(高级表达)On_no_condition_should_you_lose_heart when you are in trouble.(倒装)

先理解再牢记

(1)out of condition 健康状况欠佳

(2)on 在……条件下；倘若……

on no condition 一点也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)

(3)working/living/studying conditions工作/生活/学习环境

突破1个高考句型

(教材P15)The_advantage_is_that if there is a new illness some of these animals may

die，but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next

generation.其优势是如果发生某种新的疾病，这些动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。

[要点提炼] The advantage “优势是……”，that引导表语从句。

(1)单句语法填空/单句改错

①The drawback of the popularity of cars is that it brings about so much air pollution.

②The disadvantage of the area is that there is no public transport.

③The chance is one smoker in four will die of lung _前加that

(2)[链接写作]——完成句子

在你所就读的大学里住宿的优势在于如果你有问题可以得到帮助。

The_advantage_of using your university accommodation is_that_you _can_get_support if

you had a problem.

先理解再牢记

The advantage/……的优势是……

The ……的不足是……

The ……的缺点是……

The ……的问题是……

The chance 有可能……

[佳句背诵] The advantage of smiling is that it can not only make us happy，but also

please others.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．When climbing Mount Huang last year，all the tourists were_struck (strike) by its

beauty.

2．Seeing Tom in such funny clothes，I was unable to resist laughing(laugh)．

3．His parents tried to persuade him not to apply for the well-paid job，but their efforts

were in vain.

4．We had our furniture moved to the new house when the decoration (decorate) of the

house was finished.

5．Our parents send us to school so as to enable us to_obtain (obtain) knowledge and

achieve great things in the future.

6．Only if we know what we do in our daily life and live a low-carbon life can we make a

difference(differ)．

7．It's reported that there's a big breakthrough in the cancer treatment.

8．There is no doubt that cellphones have a negative impact on our lives.

9．(2018·济南质检)My father forbids (forbid) me to play computer games unless I finish

all my homework.

10．(2018·东北三省四市联考)It is reasonable(reason) to forgive all，he is only

a child.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．It suddenly struck to me that we ought to make a new plan.

去掉第一个to

2．No one knows exact how the earth began as it happened so long ago.

exact→exactly

3．There is some doubt whether the young man can undertake of such an important task.去掉of

4．There is a general belief which things will soon get →that

5．The man couldn't resist show off his being hired by the big company.

show_→showing

6．Owe to his absence，we had to put off the class meeting till next week.

Owe→Owing

Ⅰ.课文语法填空

根据P11－12课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Cloning has always been with us and is here to is a way of (make) an exact

copy of another animal or has two major is that gardeners use it to produce

commercial ties(quantity) of other is that it is valuable for research on

new plant species and for medical research on r，the process of cloning is

difficult _undertake(undertake)．

Many attempts to clone mammals breakthrough that scientists made in history

is in the year first successful cloning，Dolly the sheep，made the whole

ific(science)world follow its process，though it had (many) problems than the

normal the other hand，Dolly's appearance (raise) a storm of objections and

had a great impact the media and public ent people have different

ns(opinion) on r，scientists still wonder whether cloning will help harm

us and where it is leading in the 21st century，cloning will be the biggest moral

dilemma.

Ⅱ.写作改错双练

根据提示运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并改正学生习作。

1．据我所知，人们对于克隆技术尤其是在克隆人方面分歧相当大。(differ)

2．一些人支持它的发展，他们认为这项技术一定会有利于医学的发展。(in favour of；be bound to)

3．相反，另一些人害怕克隆能引起一系列的道德问题，对社会的发展造成危害。(on

the contrary)

4．我认为，只要所有的人都遵守规则，承诺合理应用克隆技术，克隆将会取得成功。(on assumption that)

第一步：练写作

用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。

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第二步：练改错

下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。

As far as I know，people differ greatly in cloning technique，especially cloning human

people are in favour of its development，believe the technique is bound to benefit

the medical the contrary，other find that it could raise a storm of moral

problem，thus causing damage for the social r，in my opinion，cloning

will pay off on the assumption that all people obey rules and promise to use it proper.

【答案】

As far as I know，people differ greatly in cloning technique，especially cloning human

people are in favour of its development，believing the technique is bound to

otherbenefit the medical the contrary，others find that it could raise a storm of

problemmoral

problems，thus

forcausing damage

to the social r，in my opinion，cloning will pay off on

properthe assumption that all people obey rules and promise to use it

properly.