2024年2月21日发(作者：)

国家开放大学《人文英语4》单元自测1-8参考答案

单元自测1

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1、– Do you think I can borrow your bike for a few hours?

– ________________________________

A. I'm sorry, but I really need it this afternoon.

B. I am afraid you can.

C. I don't think so.

2、– Good afternoon. Can I help you?

– ________________________________

A. I don't think I need any of your help.

B. I need to buy a birthday present for my son.

C. Yes, I think so, too.

3、On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several ________ a day.

A. guests

B. customers

C. clients

4、Both the kids and their parents __________English, I think. I know it

from their accent.

A. are

B. been

C. is

5、Did you notice the guy _________head looked like a big potato?

A. whose

B. who

C. which

6、– Thank you for your invitation.

– ________________________

A. It's a pleasure.

B. It doesn't matter.

C. I'll appreciate it.

7、– Excuse me, could you tell the time?

– ________________________________

A. You'd better buy a watch.

B. Can you see the clock?

C. It's three thirty by my watch.

8、As the bus came round the corner, it ran ________ a big tree by the

roadside.

A. into

B. on

C. over

9、When Lily came home at 5 pm yesterday, her mother ______dinner in

the kitchen.

A. cooks

B. cooked

C. was cooking

10、Never before _________ see such a terrible car accident on the road!

A. I have

B. have I

C. did I

11、– Hello, may I speak to John?

– ________________________

A. Just a second, please.

B. You are wanted on the telephone.

C. Can I leave a message for him?

12、John's father _________ mathematics in this school ever since he

graduated from Harvard University.

A. teaches

B. has taught

C. taught

13、Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not

many houses __________

A. far apart

B. among them

C. in between

14、Professor Smith promised to look ________ my paper, that is, to read

it carefully before the defence.

A. on

B. after

C. over

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

Graffiti painting is traditionally a daredevil pursuit. Teenagers dodge

security guards to put their names on trains and buses. But over the past

decade, graffiti has all but disappeared from Britain's cities. Between

2007 and 2012 the number of incidents of graffiti recorded by the British

Transport Police fell by 63%. A survey by the Environment Ministry shows

that fewer places are blighted by tags than ever. Graffiti are increasingly

confined to sanctioned walls, such as the Stockwell ball courts. In time

the practice may die out entirely.

The most obvious reason for the decline in tagging and

train-painting is better policing. Numerous CCTV cameras mean it is

harder to get away with painting illegally. And punishments are more

severe. A generational shift is apparent, too. Fewer teenagers are getting

into painting walls. They prefer to play with iPads and video games.

Some have gone to art school and want to make money from their

paintings. The Internet means that painters can win far more attention

by posting pictures online than they can by breaking into a railway yard.

Taggers and graffiti artists mostly grew up in the 1980s and 1990s.

Those men—and almost all are men—are now older and less willing to

take risks. Graffiti may eventually disappear. But for now the hobby is

almost respectable. The former graffiti artists paint abandoned

warehouses at the weekend. It has become something to do on a Sunday

afternoon—a slightly healthier alternative to sitting and watching

football.

ers are not afraid of being caught by security guards when

they put their names on trains and buses.（F）

tags can be found in public places nowadays.（T）

e of better policing graffiti decreases.（T）

teenagers go to art school in order to learn to paint walls.（F）

s and graffiti artists are still willing to take risks.（F）

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

排序题

A. Does it cost the same for every household?

B. You can pay right here, on the Internet!

C. Just go ahead.

D. We do for the live Cable TV programs.

E. Exactly, even digital boxes.

Liu Hui: Gordon, may I ask you a question?

Gordon: Hi, Liu Hui. （C）.

Liu Hui: Do I need to pay for a TV license if I only watch TV online in the

UK?

Gordon: Yes, indeed. You need to be covered by a TV license if you watch

or record programs as they're being shown on TV or live on an online TV

service.

Liu Hui: Including watching TV on computers and mobile phones?

Gordon: （E）. It is the law.

Liu Hui: I see. How much is the license fee?

Gordon: It costs £145.50 for a color TV license and £49.00 for a black and

white TV license.

Liu Hui: That's a lot of money for a year. （A）?

Gordon: It costs the same for all applicants under 75. When you reach

the age of 75, you may apply for a free Over 75 TV License.

Liu Hui: I see.

Gordon: Do you need such a license in China?

Liu Hui: （D）.

Gordon: Oh, it sounds similar. But for BBC, the license fee is the main

source of income. There is no advertising on the BBC channels.

Liu Hui: By the way, where should I go to pay for my license?

Gordon: （B）.

Liu Hui: Well, sure! Thank you!

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

Jim Thorpe was a Native American. He was born in 1888 in an

Indian Territory(印第安人保护区)that is now Oklahoma. Like most

Native American children then, he liked to fish, hunt, swim, and play

games outdoors. He was healthy and strong, but he had very little formal

education. In 1950, Jim Thorpe was named the greatest American

football player. He was also an Olympic gold medal winner. But Thorpe

had many tragedies in his life.

Jim had a twin brother who died when he was nine years old. By the

time he was 16, his mother and father were also dead, Jim then went to

a special school in Pennsylvania for Native American children. There, he

learned to read and write and also began to play sports. Jim was poor, so

he left school for two years to earn some money. During this time, he

played on a baseball team. The team paid him only $15 a week. Soon he

returned to school to complete his education. Jim was a star athlete (运动员) in several sports, including baseball, running, and football. He won

many awards for his athletic ability, mainly for football. In many games,

he scored all or most of the points for his team.

In 1912, when Jim Thorpe was 24 years old, he became part of the

U.S Olympic team. He competed in two very difficult events: the

pentathlon and the decathlon. Both require great ability and strength.

The pentathlon has five track and field events, including the long jump

and the 1500-meter race. The decathlon has ten track and field events,

with running, jumping and throwing contests.

People thought it was impossible for an athlete to compete in both

the pentathlon and the decathlon. So everyone was surprised when

Thorpe won gold medals in both events. When the King of Sweden

presented Thorpe with his two gold medals, he said, “Sir, you are the

greatest athlete in the world.” Thorpe was a simple and honest man. He

just answered, “Thanks, King.”

1. From the passage we learn that Jim Thorpe was born in（C）.

A. India

B. Pennsylvania

C. Oklahoma

2. According to the passage, most American Indian children loved all the

following EXCEPT（B）.

A. fishing

B. singing

C. swimming

3. Jim Thorpe started to play sports（B）.

A. before he was 9 years old

B. when he was 16 years old

C. when he was 24 years old

4. The word decathlon in paragraph 3 probably means（C）.

A. jumping

B. five track and field events

C. ten track and field events

5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?（A）

A. In 1912, Thorpe went back to finish his college education.

B. Thorpe won two gold medals in the 1912 Olympic Games.

C. Thorpe once played on a baseball team for money.

单元自测2

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1、– Would you like something to drink? What about a cup of tea?

– ________________________________

A. No, thanks.

B. No, I wouldn't.

C. Yes, I want.

2、– How many languages does Peter speak?

– ________________________________

A. Five languages.

B. Pretty well.

C. With his roommates.

3、You shouldn't ________ your time like that, Bob; you have to finish

your school work tonight.

A. do

B. cut

C. kill

4、Had you come five minutes earlier, you _________ the train to

Birmingham. But now you missed it.

A. would catch

B. could catch

C. would have caught

5、No matter _________, the little sisters managed to round the sheep

up and drive them back home safely.

A. it was snowing

B. hard it was snowing

C. how hard it was snowing

6、– Something went wrong with my television last night.

– ________________________________

A. I'm sorry to hear that.

B. It's impossible.

C. How did you manage to do that?

7、– You are late. The discussion started 30 minutes ago.

– ________________________________

A. Don't blame me.

B. I am really sorry.

C. Well, I don't know.

8、_________ the War of Independence, the United States was an

English colony.

A. Before

B. In

C. At

9、The young lady coming over to us _______ our English teacher; the

way she walks tells us that!

A. would be

B. must be

C. can be

10、Every year thousands of lives ________ in road accidents because of

careless driving.

A. lost

B. have lost

C. are lost

11、– Your ID card, please.

– ________________________________

A. Here are they.

B. Give you.

C. Here you are.

12、Tom, what did you do with my documents? I have never seen such a

________ and disorder!

A. mess

B. guess

C. mass

13、Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have ________ of fat.

A. the large number

B. large number

C. a large amount

14、If she wants to stay thin, she must make a __________ in her diet.

A. change

B. run

C. turn

15、The student were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at

Professor Brian's ________

A. money

B. expense

C. pay

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

Since its founding in 1948, McDonald's has grown from a family

burger（汉堡包）stand to a global fast-food chain, with more than 30,000

locations in 118 countries.

With 58 million daily customers worldwide, McDonald's is now so

ubiquitous around the globe that The Economist publishes a global

ranking of currencies' purchasing power based on the prices charged at

the local McDonald's, called the Big Mac Index（巨无霸指数）.That's not

to say that every nation carries the same menu items: choices vary

widely depending on location. Some Asian locations serve fried shrimp in

a Big Mac roll, while McDonald's in India doesn't serve beef at all, relying

instead on burgers made from vegetables, rice and beans.

Not everyone in the world has been happy to greet Ronald

McDonald when he moves to town. Many see McDonald's as a symbol of

American economic and cultural chauvinism（沙文主义）, and European

nations in particular have viewed American-style fast food as an insult to

their national food. A French farmer, Jose Bove, became something of a

national hero in 1999 after he and a group of people destroyed a

McDonald's under construction to protest globalization and “bad food.”

The next year, a bomb exploded in a French McDonald's, killing a

27-year-old employee. No one claimed responsibility.

But regardless of whether you like their food or their policies,

McDonald's is still widely seen as one of the true pioneers of peaceful

globalization.

1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT

TRUE?（）

A. McDonald's was founded in 1948.

B. McDonald's has opened its restaurants in every city of the

world.

C. McDonald's has over 30,000 locations in the world now.

2. The word ubiquitous in Paragraph 2 is most likely to mean（）.

A. very crowded

B. very clean

C. existing everywhere

3. From Paragraph 2, we can conclude that（）.

A. McDonald's designs its menu to suit the local people

B. millions of young adults got their first job with McDonald's

C. the McDonald's menu sticks to old-fashioned favorites such as

the Big Mac

4. What did Jose Bove and his people do in 1999 to protest against

McDonald's?（）

A. They destroyed a McDonald's under construction.

B. They protested outside a McDonald's.

C. They refused to go to a newly-built McDonald's.

5. In （）, an employee died in a fatal bomb attack on a McDonald's

restaurant in France.

A. 1998

B. 1999

C. 2000

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

排序题

A. I couldn't agree more.

B. What else?

C. Once we separate and recycle them.

D. But I have a concern.

E. That is really a great advice.

Peter: Molly, look at this. The newspaper says we should sort trash.

Molly: That would be great! I always hate it when people mixing all the

trash together.

Peter: （E） Many communities have already done that.

Molly: Yeah. The benefits of sorting out trash are obvious.

Peter: For instance?

Molly: If trash is sorted, it can be transferred to factories instead of the

disposal plant.

Peter: That makes sense.（B）

Molly: With trash separated, pollution caused by incineration can be

avoided.

Peter: It is high time for us to sort out the trash. Trash is trash only when

everything is mixed together.（C）they can be useful again.

Molly:（A）Things like paper, glass, and plastics can all be recycled. They

can be reused.

Peter: Sorting is good.（D）If people have no idea how to sort their trash,

they will still put all waste in the same bag.

Molly: You are right. People should be informed about how to do that in

the first place. Moreover, sorting trash should be made easy for us.

Otherwise, few people would bother to do it.

Peter: I hope everything goes smoothly!

Molly: I believe it will.

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

正误判断题

I've been living in the country for more than 10 years. It means

quietness, privacy, harmony and peace for me.

Living in the country requires an active lifestyle. It involves activities

like doing daily chores, preparing firewood for winter heating, feeding

animals including pets and livestock, tending the garden, or securing

fences, etc. For me, the most attractive activities are fishing, hunting and

hiking. I enjoy seeing what nature has to offer everyday through a simple

walk down the little trail, or a relaxing drive along the country road with

patches of green grass ornamented with wildlife sightings of birds,

moose, bears, deer, etc.

Living the country life helps us appreciate some of the simpler

things, things that make us feel good about ourselves and the world. It

may be just a get together on a Saturday at the local farmers market, or a

project or a problem that the community might pull together to help

solve. I have participated in a few community projects, like dealing with

out-of-control grass fires, a roof that collapsed from a large snow fall, or

even helping a recent widow with fire wood for the winter. Sometimes I

am surprised by how much benefit we receive from helping others and

as for this community I can’t say enough.

I really enjoy living the country life. I know it’s not for everyone, but

I know it's for me.

1. The author has lived in the countryside for more than a decade,

and he/she loves living there.（T）

2. Living in the country is not busy at all.（F）

3. The author takes a walk or drives along country roads almost

every day.（T）

4. People living in the country usually go shopping every Saturday.（T）

5. According to the author, nobody dislikes countryside life.（F）

单元自测3

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1、-Can you go out with us for dinner this evening?

-__________.

A. No, I really don't like being with you.

B. No, I already have plans.

C. Thanks a lot, but I'm busy tonight.

2、-These are certainly beautiful flowers. Thank you very much.

-_________.

A. It's my pleasure.

B. No, nothing.

C. Yes, I agree.

3、The baby is hungry, but there's ________ milk in the bottle.

A. little

B. few

C. a little

4、Two thousand dollars ____ enough for the car.

A. were

B. is

C. are

5、Is the library ________ now? No, it's ______.

A. open; close

B. opening; closing

C. open; closed

6、-Excuse me, where is Dr Smith's office?

-________.

A. Please don't say so.

B. You can't ask me. I don't know, either.

C. Sorry, I don't know. But you can ask the man over there.

7、- Good morning, sir. May I help you?

-__________.

A. No, I don't need your help.

B. Yes, I need some salt.

C. No, I don't buy anything.

8、I don't know the park, but it's _________ to be quite beautiful.

A. told

B. said

C. spoken

9、Although he did not know London well, he made his way _____ to the

airport.

A. easily enough

B. easy enough

C. enough

10、Nancy is ________ girl.

A. a eighteen-years-old

B. an eighteen-years-old

C. an eighteen-year-old

11、– I didn't know my identity card was needed, sir.

– ________________________________

A. Sorry, but that's no excuse.

B. How dare you say that?

C. I don't believe you.

12、Mike is better than Peter ________ swimming.

A. at

B. on

C. for

13、They have learned about _____in recent years.

A. hundreds of English words

B. hundred of English words

C. several hundreds English words

14、Harry, who had failed in the final exam, had a great worry ________

his mind.

A. on

B. with

C. in

15、Do you know the man _______ under the apple tree?

A. lying

B. lay

C. laying

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

It can be really frustrating (使人沮丧的) for an overweight person

to go to a gym and work out with a positive attitude. All one has to do is

walk by almost any nice gym and notice all the healthy, sweating,

“skinny” members. Sometimes they stare at those of us who are, well,

zaftig. It is easy to see the judgment behind their eyes. Who wants to put

up with that?

Many people are self-conscious of their bodies and feel isolated

when joining workout classes of while exercising, especially if they are

larger than most of the others in the group. Now the fitness industry is

finally paying attention. Popular gyms are catering (迎合) to overweight

and weight conscious customers by dedicating areas where the “skinny”

people are not allowed.

There are even gyms or programs that require members to be at

least 50 pounds overweight to participate.

Trainers recommend functional fitness as a practical goal, rather

than six-pack abs(六块腹肌). They often use text messages to stay in

touch with customers.

Often at these specialized gyms, the trainers are overweight

themselves, or working on their own weight goals, and this can help

those people with anxiety caused by poor body image. The equipment

has been designed for use by larger people. Wider seats, more

cushioning, no mirrors, and tinted (有色的) windows for privacy, are all

important changes.

Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in

the future. The idea is a very simple and potentially popular one. If it

helps those of us who are bigger exercise more and improve our fitness

level, it's a step in the right direction.

1. The word zaftig in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to（）.

A. fat

B. healthy

C. friendly

2. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that（）.

A. most large gym chains really don't want members to show up

frequently

B. overweight people are often frustrated and pushed away by

traditional gym industry

C. regular gyms don't accept overweight people to participate in

their programs

3. What is the training goal in the gyms catering to overweight members?（）

A. To achieve functional fitness.

B. To build six-pack abs.

C. To look like a fitness model.

4. As for the gyms catering to overweight members, which of the

following statements is NOT TRUE?（）

A. The machines are designed for larger people.

B. Tinted windows are used to ensure extra privacy.

C. There are large mirrors on the walls.

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?（）

A. Improving Women's Self-confidence through Exercises.

B. The traditional Gym Industry Is Losing Its Customers.

C. Specialized Gyms Designed for Overweight People.

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

排序题

A. For many students

B. a major barrier

C. equality in access to education

D. different people

E. non-traditional students

The National Union of Students (NUS) welcomes the news that

greater numbers of black and disabled students are studying at UK

universities, but there is still a lot of work to be done on widening access,

writes the union's president, Gemma Tumelty.

A recent Department of Communities and Local Government (DCLG)

equalities review showed that significant numbers of potential students

felt their disability was （B） to accessing higher education (HE). This is

simply unacceptable.

Equality and diversity is not entirely a “numbers game” and before

too much praise is given we need to hear more from （E） , not just

about their experience of accessing higher education but also going

through the system.

Equality in society is absolutely, and fundamentally, linked to （C）.

（A）, university is the place where they will be first exposed to

different cultures and （D）. As well as fighting for better access, the NUS

wants to see diversity properly valued and promoted within the student

experience. Many pay lip service to the value of diversity, but is this

recognized and promoted as a core asset to those who go through the

HE system?

Equality in society can be promoted by equality and diversity at

university. But the benefits of university as a positive, diverse

environment must be seen by students as adding “value” as much as

any other factors before the numbers game is really won by the

champions of diversity.

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

Liu Hui：interviews Dr. Smith about the issue of educational inequality.

Liu Hui: Thank you, Dr. Smith, for agreeing to be interviewed by our

Campus News Weekly. First, what do you mean by educational

inequality?

Dr. Smith: Educational inequality is the disparity that certain students

experience in their education as compared to other students. But the

meaning of it varies in different social contexts.

Liu Hui: Why does it exist in modern society?

Dr. Smith: Well, researchers link educational inequality to socioeconomic,

racial and geographic reasons.

Liu Hui: So it is very likely that educational inequality exists in different

forms in different countries.

Dr. Smith: Yeah, you are right. For example, in the United States,

although skin color is linked to other forms of inequality, it is evident in

education.

Liu Hui: Educational inequality exists in China, too. For example, the

college entrance rate is much higher in Beijing than in other provinces.

How do you think can we someday eradicate the inequality?

Dr. Smith: It's impossible to answer such a big question in few words.

Educational inequality has become one of the most important political

and social issues in every nation nowadays. There have been numerous

attempts at

1. Well, researchers link educational inequality to.

A. socioeconomic, racial and educational reasons

B. racial, economic and geographic reasons

C. racial, socioeconomic and geographic reasons

2. According to the passage,

A. in the United States, skin color is linked to other forms of

inequality, but not in education

B. in the United States, skin color is only linked to the form of

inequality in education

C. in the United States, skin color is linked to the inequality in

education

3. Educational inequality exists in.

A. China only

B. many countries

C. all the countries

4. What does the word “eradicate” mean in the passage?

A. get rid of

B. cope with

C. carry out

5. What's the attitude of Dr. Smith to the future of education equality?

A. reserved

B. positive

C. negative

单元自测4

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1、— Sam, this is my friend, Jane.

— _________________.

A. Glad to meet you, Jane

B. I'm Jack

C. Glad to meet you, Sam

2、— Can you tell me where I can park the car?

— _________________.

A. Yes, please

B. It is made in America

C. Well, just over there

3、She has two best friends. _____of them is in the country.

A. All

B. Both

C. Neither

4、The new order means _____ overtime.

A. to work

B. working

C. works

5、I was giving a talk to a large group of people，the same talk I ___to half

a dozen other groups before.

A. had given

B. was giving

C. am giving

6、— What's the matter with you?

— _________________.

A. It matters with you

B. I feel a bit sick

C. Not too bad

7、— Could I talk to Prof. Lee?

— _________________.

A. Yes, speaking

B. I'm waiting for you

C. Oh, it's you

8、Jane's dress is similar in design her sister's.

A. like

B. with

C. to

9、It is said that _____ boys in your school like playing football in their

spare time, though others prefer basketball.

A. quite a little

B. quite a lot

C. quite a few

10、Today's weather is _____worse than yesterday's.

A. very much

B. much

C. very

11、— I've got a bad cold today.

— _________________.

A. Oh, dear! I hope you get better soon

B. Thank you for telling me

C. It isn't serious

12、The sports meeting was put off till the next week rain.

A. so

B. in spite of

C. because of

13、With his work completed, the manager stepped back to his seat,

feeling pleased ____ he was a man of action.

A. What

B. that

C. which

14、Neither John his father was able to wake up early

enough to catch the morning train.

A. or

B. but

C. nor

15、The atmosphere certain gases mixed together in

definite proportions.

A. consists of

B. is made up

C. composes of

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

正误判断题

Liu Hui and Molly are discussing the issue of educational quality at a

workshop.

Liu Hui: Hi, Molly. Today's topic is educational quality. First, what does

educational quality mean to you?

Molly: As far as I'm concerned, quality education means good learning

standards in educational institutions. So, educational quality ensures a

desirable outcome for learners.

Liu Hui: Sounds like after some serious thinking. However, many

definitions of quality in education exist, testifying to the complexity and

multifaceted nature of the concept.

Molly: Definitely, establishing a contextualized understanding of quality

means including relevant stakeholders. Key stakeholders often hold

different views and meanings of educational quality.

Liu Hui: There are many prestigious universities in the US. They all

provide high-quality education. But some universities aren't known for

their quality. It's hard to imagine the gap.

Molly: Yes, in the US the quality in higher education is quite mixed.

Universities like Harvard, Yale, MIT, etc., you know, are well-known all

over the world. However, there are some institutions providing poor

education, so called “diploma mills”.

Liu Hui: In China, we have similar issues in educational quality. Some

universities pay more attention to profits instead of quality.

Molly: How to improve educational quality is an international issue. But,

solutions are grounded in values, cultures and traditions and may be

specific to a given nation as well.

1. Molly thinks that educational quality ensures a satisfactory outcome

for learners.（T）

2. Liu Hui disagrees with Molly on the meaning of education quality.（F）

3. All universities in the U.S. offer high-quality education.（F）

4. Diploma mills cannot provide high-quality education.（T）

5. In China, there isn't any diploma mill.（F）

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

排序题

A. even without international links

B. Chinese students and academics

C. the crisis on economic growth

D. A strong research system

E. in part because of this

Education and academic quality can mean different things to

different people, depending on their perspective, role and context and,

（E）, quality is notoriously difficult to evaluate. The question of how to

do this has been pursued for many years.

Nevertheless, the goal of improving educational quality is agreed by

all and stimulated further by the recent worldwide economic downturn

and the need to counteract the impact of（C）and prepare for economic

recovery.

As the World Bank and UNESCO said 10 years ago: “The quality of

knowledge generated within higher education institutions, and its

availability to the wider economy, is becoming increasingly critical to

national competitiveness.” They also rightly emphasized that “（D）at

the national level opens up the possibility that substantial additional

public benefits can be realized through international links.”

This is precisely why（B）should contribute to these global benefits,

reforming and improving evaluation systems for educational and

academic quality. Original and good research, especially in science,

economics and social sciences, has a trickle-down effect on society. And

it offers additional benefits （A）, though international collaboration and

exchange of the best evaluation policy and practice can bring substantial

advantages to all partners in relation to lessons learned elsewhere.

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

选择题

Babies who are breast-fed may be more likely to be successful in life,

a new study published Tuesday suggests. The study followed more than

3,000 babies into adulthood in Brazil. The researchers found those who

were breast-fed scored slightly higher in intelligence tests in their 30s,

stayed in school longer and earned more money than those who were

given formula（配方奶粉）.

“Breast-feeding not only has short-term benefits, but also

breast-feeding has long-term benefits, ” says Bernardo Lessa Horta of

the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil, who led the study being

published in The Lancet Global Health.

Doctors have long known that breast-feeding can be good for a

baby's health. This is especially true in poor countries, where water can

be contaminated. For instance, a baby given formula in developing

countries is 14 times more likely to die in the first six months than one

who's breast-fed. In the U.S., some research has suggested that

breast-feeding may raise a baby's IQ（智商）by a few points. But a recent

study with siblings（兄弟姐妹）found little advantage to breast-feeding.

Horta says these previous studies didn't follow children into

adulthood to see if breast-feeding had long-term effects. So Horta

analyzed data collected from 3,493 volunteers he and his colleagues

have been following since birth. They are now in their 30s. First, the

researchers gave the subjects IQ tests. Those who were breast-fed for 12

months or more had IQ test scores that were 3.76 points higher than

those who were breast-fed for less than one month, the team found.

When Horta and his colleagues looked at how much education the

subjects had gotten and how much money they were making, they also

found a clear difference: Those who were breast-fed the longest stayed

in school for about an extra year and had monthly salaries that were

about a third higher.

1. From the passage, we learn that Horta

A. is from Brazil

B. conducts his research in the U.S.

C. has 30 researchers on his team

2. Which of the following about those who were breast-fed is NOT

mentioned?

A. They stayed longer in school

B. They were happier

C. They were smarter

3. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Doctors don't understand the benefits of breast-feeding.

B. Horta is concerned with water contamination in poor countries.

C. Horta's research project lasted about 30 years

4. The word contaminated in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to

A. finished

B. interested

C. polluted

5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

A. Researchers Have Pointed Out the Disadvantages of

Breast-feeding

B. Researchers Have Found Out the Shortcomings of Formula

C. Breast-feeding Improves Chances of Success

单元自测5

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1、— How was the journey to London?

— _________________.

A. It went very well

B. I flew there

C. It was a nine-hour

2、— You needn't do the work till after the New Year.

— _________________.

A. Happy New Year to you

B. Oh, good! Thank you.

C. No, you needn't

3、Will you _____ me a favor, please?

A. do

B. bring

C. make

4、I want to buy a ______ wallet for him.

A. black leather small

B. small leather black

C. small black leather

5、The young ______ interested in pop music.

A. is

B. are

C. have

6、— Can you help me clear up the mess?

— _________________.

A. Tell me who made it

B. Yes, that'll be all right

C. No problem

7、— What's the best way to get to the Empire Hotel from here?

— _________________.

A. It's a twenty-minute walk

B. Walking through the wood

C. It's five blocks away

8、This kind of material expands _________ the temperature increasing.

A. for

B. to

C. with

9、He is fond of playing ____ piano while his brother is interested in

listening to ___ music.

A. /; the

B. /;/

C. the; /

10、Important ________ his discovery might be, it was regarded as a

matter of no account in his time.

A. as

B. when

C. until

11、— Have a nice holiday, Ted.

— _________________.

A. Yes, you're right

B. That's all right

C. Thank you, and you too

12、A police officer claimed that the young man had attempted to

__________ paying his fare.

A. refuse

B. reject

C. avoid

13、_______ tomorrow's lessons, Frank has no time to go out with his

friends.

A. Not having prepared

B. Not preparing

C. Not to prepare

14、_______ her and then try to copy what she does.

A. Watch

B. Mind

C. See

15、__________ these honours he received a sum of money.

A. Besides

B. But

C. Expect

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

填写主题句

A. The inexactitude of language

B. Preventing misunderstandings

C. Intercultural communication

D. Fostering respect

E. Avoiding conflicts

Para 1（C）

Intercultural communication refers to messages transmitted

between members of two or more different societies. Effective

intercultural communication helps firms avoid conflict, prevent

misunderstandings, and foster respect.

Para 2（E）

The workplace is growing more diverse every day. Managers cannot

assume that what they find inoffensive will also be inoffensive to their

subordinates. A lack of sensitivity can lead to claims of discrimination or

harassment, which costs firms big money. Intercultural communication

involves exercising sensitivity and tact to avoid such conflicts.

Para 3（A）

We human beings have developed language to communicate ideas

to one another. Still, our language represents an imperfect form of

communication. Sometimes, words cannot accurately convey an idea,

because the information might be highly complex. Also, a concept that

exists in one culture or language might not be part of another. Effective

intercultural communication tries to bridge language gaps as effectively

as possible so that everyone at the workplace finds themselves on the

same page.

Para 4（B）

Given the inexactitude of language, misunderstandings can

frequently arise between people from different cultures when they

exchange information. Idioms often become lost in translation. For

example, the English expression “to shoulder responsibility” translates

into Swedish as “be a man for your hat”. Intercultural communication

does not rely on expressions native to a particular language that could

lead to confusion; rather, it relies on clear messages that all parties

understand.

Para 5（D）

Communication happens differently in various cultures. What one

society finds acceptable may be anathema to another. When coworkers

from different cultures do not take these differences into account, not

only does communication suffer but conflicts come to the fore. Effective

intercultural communication does not try to ignore societal differences;

rather, it respects the variations among the human race and enables

people to transmit information clearly.

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

正误判断题

All communication begins with the sender and ends with the

receiver. The sender is responsible for successful conveyance. The

sender's personality, beliefs, cultural and educational background all

influence the message and it is important for the sender to be aware of

this as he or she is encoding the message. Simply put, encoding is

translating information into symbols that represent the ideas or concepts

of the message that needs sending. These symbols are usually words in

written or spoken form. To ensure successful communication, the sender

should know as much about his or her audience – the receiver – as

possible in order to focus and support the encoding process.

In addition to this awareness of self and encoding, the sender must

choose the proper channel for conveying the message. Using the wrong

channel may result in miscommunication. Like the sender, receivers are

influenced by internal factors: their personality, their receptivity to the

message or their relationship to the sender. Additionally, their current

feelings, mood, or state of mind can affect a message. Once the message

moves through the channel, the receiver then decodes it. The receiver

uses his or her own experience and the context of the message to

interpret its meaning.

Feedback is the return message from the receiver to the sender. It is

feedback that enables the sender to know whether the message was

received successfully or not. Therefore it is essential to the

communication process.

This process, though very common, is fraught with potential

breakdown at every turn. Spoken or written language is inherently easy

to misinterpret. In conclusion, effective and successful Communication

takes place when the message is successfully received and the receiver

provides the sender with desirable feedback.

1. The sender's gender also influences the message. （F）

2. Encoding is a process that translating information into symbols

which serve as the ideas or concepts of the message that will be sent

later.（T）

3. These symbols are usually words and sentences in written form.

（F）

4. Channel is not crucial for conveying the message.（F）

5. Feedbacks enable the sender to know whether the receiver has

received the message successfully or not.（T）

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

选择题

Maggie Walker was born in 1867 in Richmond, Virginia. Her mother

was once a slave in a rich woman's house. When Maggie was very young,

a thief killed her father. Her family was impoverished, so Maggie's

mother started doing laundry in her home. Maggie had to help her. She

washed clothes every day, but she continued to go to school. She was a

very good student, especially in math.

After Maggie graduated from high school, she got a job as a teacher.

In 1886, she married Armistead Walker. They had two sons and Maggie

stayed home to care for them. She also volunteered to help a social

organization called the Order of St. Luke. This organization helped

African Americans take care of the sick and bury the dead. Maggie

Walker loved the work of the organization. The organization believed

that African Americans should take care of each other.

Over the years, Maggie Walker had more and more responsibilities

with the organization. In 1895, she suggested that St. Luke begin a

program for young people. This program became very popular with

schoolchildren. In 1899, Walk became Grand Secretary Treasurer of the

St. Luke organization. However, because she was a woman, she received

less than half the salary of the man who had the job before her.

The Order of St. Luke had a lot of financial difficulties when Walker

took over. It had a lot of unpaid bills and only $31.61 in the bank. But

soon Maggie Walker changed all of that. Her idea was to get new

members to join the Organization. In just a few years, it grew from 3,400

members to 50,000 members. The organization bought a $100,000 office

building and increased its staff to 55. Now Walker was ready for her next

big step.

1. Maggie's father died

A. when she finished high school

B. before she was born

C. when she was very young

2. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A. Maggie had two children.

B. Maggie was once a slave.

C. Maggie was good at math.

3. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Maggie loved to help other African Americans.

B. Maggie was very popular with school teachers.

C. Maggie was the founder of the Order of St. Luke.

4. The word impoverished in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to

A. difficult

B. rich

C. poor

5. After Paragraph 4, the author will probably talk about Maggie's

A. education

B. next project

C. pay

单元自测6

一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分）

1、— Is it going to be warm next week?

— _________________.

A. No, it hasn't

B. I don't believe it

C. Yes, it is

2、— What's the fare to the museum?

— _________________.

A. Five miles

B. Five o'clock

C. Five dollars

3、It's a good idea. But who's is going to _______ the plan?

A. take in

B. carry out

C. get through

4、The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ______________

the desert.

A. covered

B. to cover

C. covering

5、It was getting __________, he had to stop to have a rest.

A. darker and darker

B. very darker

C. dark and dark

6、— What do you usually do in your spare time?

— _________________.

A. No, I'll never do that

B. Yes, it’s my favorite time

C. Reading

7、— Are you on holiday here?

— _________________.

A. No, we aren't. We live here

B. We are on holiday here, too

C. We live here, too

8、It's bad _____ for you to smoke in the public places where smoking is

not allowed.

A. action

B. behavior

C. manner

9、As the busiest woman there, she made ______________ her duty to

look after all the other people's affairs in that town.

A. it

B. that

C. this

10、Would you like something ______________?

A. drink

B. to drink

C. drinking

11、— Do you mind if I read the newspaper on the table?

— _________________.

A. Good news for you

B. Yes, sure

C. Go ahead, please

12、The young actor who had been thought highly of _______ to be a

great disappointment.

A. turned out

B. turned up

C. turned down

13、_______________ is the population of Paris?

A. How much

B. How many

C. What

14、The problem is not _____ so easy as you think. It's far from being

settled.

A. nearly

B. hardly

C. almost

15、Before the final examination, some students have shown ______ of

tension. They even have trouble in sleeping.

A. anxiety

B. signs

C. marks

二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）

正误判断

James Bush

35 West 9 Avenue

Pensacola, FL23506

P: (03) 86661234

M: 0651 222555

E:***********************.us.

[Date]

Nick C. Brown

Hiring Manger

Saint Louis Mental Health Service

16 Mary Street

River Dale, IL 566077

Dear Mr. Brown,

I wish to apply for the position of Social Worker as advertised on

. Please find my resume attached.

For almost two years I have worked as Mental Health Case Manager

for Truecare and their Housing and Accommodation Support Initiative.

During the time I have proven my ability to work with an interdisciplinary

team, and also developed interpersonal skills and strong professional

relationships with clients, including individuals, families and community

groups. In my work I have acquired a thorough understanding of the

Mental Health Act of 2014 in relation to social work.

My duties have included providing psychosocial support to clients,

in the form of one-on-one counselling as well as group therapy;

developing and overseeing treatment plans for clients; advising family

caregivers; and consulting with doctors, therapists and medical

professionals. I was awarded with the New Employee Achievement

Award for my work on a difficult case in 2015. My strong verbal and

written communication skills have been well utilized in this role and I

have also demonstrated solid organizational skills in my case

management.

I have a strong desire to make a positive difference in people's lives

and I believe I would be an asset to St Paul's Hospital if given the

opportunity.

If you require more information please contact me at the phone

numbers above. I am available for interviews and hope to hear from you

soon.

Yours sincerely

James Bush