2024年1月24日发(作者：)

2019年6月英语四级真题参考答案第一套（卷一）

Part I

Writing

(30 minutes)

Directions:

For this part,

you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to

your

campus

newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union

to

assist elderly people in the should write at least 120 words but

no more than180 words.

【参考范文】

On June 14, Friday, a volunteer activity where many students took an active

part in visiting the local Nursing House was organized by the Student Union and

it turns out to be a big success.

The activity was aimed at encouraging students to visit the elderly at the

Nursing House and help elderly people deal with their troubles both physical

and psychological. Many students volunteered to participate in this good deed

and were engaged in helping the elderly here out by making their meals, washing

their clothes and chatting with them. When asked about those

volunteers’ feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a

smile, saying “what a wonderful practice and I really appreciate this

experience, for it makes me learn to care more for others in need.”

All in all, the activity turns out to be a success not only for the visited

elderly but for those students involved.

【参考范文译文】

6月14日，星期五，学生会组织了一个参观当地敬老院的志愿活动，许多学生都积极参与其中，该活动取得了巨大的成功。

此次志愿活动旨在拜访当地敬老院的老人们并对他们各个方面的困难提供帮助。许多学生主动加入到此次善举当中，帮老人们洗衣做饭、谈心解闷，竭尽所能提供帮助。问及参与此次活动的感想时，他们毫无例外地回道“真是太有意义了，很感谢这次经历，它让我懂得要去更加关爱那些有困难的人”

总而言之，此次活动取得了巨大成功，不仅仅对那些老人来说受益多多，对于参与的学生来说也是意义良多。

PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news

report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions

will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer

from the four choices marked A）,

B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding

letter on Answer Sheet

1

with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1.A)He set a record be swimming to and from an island.

B)He celebrated ninth birthday on a small island.

C)He visited a prison located on a faraway island.

D)He swam around an island near San Francisco.

2.A)He doubled the reward.

B)He cheered him on all the way.

C)He set him an example.

D)He had the event covered on TV.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3.A)To end the one-child policy.

B)To encourage late marriage.

C)To increase working efficiency.

D)To give people more time to travel.

4.A)They will not be welcomed by young people.

B)They will help to popularize early marriage.

C)They will boost China’s economic growth.

D)They will not com into immediate effect.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5.A)Cleaning service in great demand all over the world.

B)Two ladies giving up well-paid jobs to do cleaning.

C)A new company to clean up the mess after parties.

D)Cleaners gainfully employed at nights and weekends.

6.A)It takes a lot of time to prepare.

B)It leaves the house in a mess.

C)It makes party goers exhausted.

D)It creates noise and misconduct.

7.A)Hire an Australian lawyer.

B)Visit the U.S. and Canada.

C)Settle a legal dispute.

D)Expand their business.

Section B

Directions:

In this section,

you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each

conversation, you will hear four questions.

Both the conversation and the questions

will be spoken only once.

After you hear a question,

you must choose the best answer

from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the

corresponding letter on

Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8.A)He had a driving lesson.

B)He got his driver’s license.

C)He took the driver’s theory exam.

D)He passed the driver’s road test.

9.A)He was not well prepared.

B)He did not get to the exam in time.

C)He was not used to the test format.

D)He did not follow the test procedure.

10.A)They are tough.

B)They are costly.

C)They are helpful.

D)They are too short.

11.A)Pass his road test the first time.

B)Test-drive a few times on highways.

C)Find an experienced driving instructor.

D)Earn enough money for driving lessons.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12.A)Where the woman studies.

B)The acceptance rate at Leeds.

C)Leeds’ tuition for international students.

D)How to apply for studies at a university.

13.A)Apply to an American university.

B)Do research on higher education.

C)Perform in a famous musical.

D)Pursue postgraduate studies.

14.A)His favorable recommendations.

B)His outstanding musical talent.

C)His academic excellence.

D)His unique experience.

15. A) Do a master’s degree.

B) Settle down in England.

C) Travel widely.

D) Teach overseas.

Section C

Directions:

In this section, you will hear three passages.

At the end of each passage,

you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be

spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from

the

four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding

letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) They help farmers keep diseases in check.

B) Many species remain unknown to scientists.

C) Only a few species cause trouble to humans.

D) They live in incredibly well-organized colonies.

17. A) They are larger than many other species.

B) They can cause damage to people’s homes.

C) They can survive a long time without water.

D) They like to form colonies in electrical units.

18. A) Deny them access to any food.

B) Keep doors and windows shut.

C) Destroy their colonies close by.

D) Refrain from eating sugary food.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) The function of the human immune system.

B) The cause of various auto-immune diseases.

C) The viruses that may infect the human immune system.

D) The change in people’s immune system as they get older.

20. A) Report their illnesses.

B) Offer blood samples.

C) Act as research assistants.

D) Help to interview patients.

21. A) Strengthening people’s immunity to infection.

B) Better understanding patients’ immune system.

C) Helping improve old people’s health conditions.

D) Further reducing old patients’ medical expenses.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) His students had trouble getting on with each other.

B) A lot of kids stayed at school to do their homework.

C) His students were struggling to follow his lessons.

D) A group of kids were playing chess after school.

23. A) Visit a chess team in Nashville.

B) Join the school’s chess team.

C) Participate in a national chess competition.

D) Receive training for a chess competition.

24. A) Most of them come from low-income families.

B) Many have become national chess champions.

C) A couple of them have got involved in crimes.

D) Many became chess coaches after graduation.

25. A) Actions speak louder than words.

B) Think twice before taking action.

C) Translate their words into action.

D) Take action before it gets too late.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:

In this section,

there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to

select one word

for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following

the passage.

Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each

choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the

corresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single

line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank

more than once．

The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It

has

26 from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming into life.

In a

27

to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced

28

that

could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving

vehicles and put them on the road.

“Michigan’s

29 in auto research and development is under attack from several states and

countries which desire to 30

our leadership in transportation. We can’t let happen,” says Senator

Mike Kowall, the lead

31

of four bills recently introduced.

If all four bills pass as written, they would

32

a substantial update of Michigan’s 2013 law

that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions.

Manufacturer would have

nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed

to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set on-demand

33

of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.

Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of

self-driving technology. In

34

,

California, home of Silicon Valley,

recently proposed far

more 35

rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and commercial use

of self-driving technology.

A) bid

B)

contrast

C)

deputy

D)

dominance

E) fleets

F) knots

G) legislation

H) migrated

I)

replace

J) represent

k) restrictive

L) reward

M) significant

N)

sponsor

O) transmitted

【参考答案】

26-30 HAGDI

31-35 NJEBK

Section B

Directions:

In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements

attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.

Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a

paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the

questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100

A.

Today in the United States there are 72,000

centenarians（百岁老人）.Worldwide, Probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then by

2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the

work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers, 50% of babies born

in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same

holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of

2007 babies can expect to live to 107.

B.

Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public

finances given the associated health and pension challenges. These

challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address them. But it

is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so

many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply

equate

longevity

(长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all

of life, not just the end of it.

C.

Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier

for longer, then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and

life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but

also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that “70 is

the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly over a longer

time period, then you are in some sense younger for longer.

D.

But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at

which people make commitments such as buying a house, getting married,

having children, or starting a career. These are all fundamental

commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962, 50% of

Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, thatmilestone(里程碑)had shifted

to age 29.

E.

While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is

surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live

longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you

believe you will live longer, then options become more valuable, and

early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the

commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are

now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life

are emerging for those in their twenties.

F.

Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for

financial reasons. Yes, unless people are prepared to save a lot more,

our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, then you

are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early

20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or

possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically

support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is

harmful to

cognitive(认知的) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not

want to do it.

G.

And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is

appealing. Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may

secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life, but such

persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such

as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship.

H.

The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of

education, administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to

support a sustained, 60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates

of technological change, either your skills will become unnecessary, or

your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in

their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.

A.

It seems likely, then, that the traditional three-stage life will evolve

into multiple stages containing two, three, or oven more different

careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the

focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement, in

another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on

exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an

independent producer, yet another on making a socia

Contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different cities,

and provide

Foundation for building a wide variety of skills.

J) Transitions between stages could be marked with

sabbaticals

(休假) as people

find tim

rest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve

their skills. At times,

these breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles,

firms, or industries cease to exist.

K）A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but

also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with

change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has

many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to

new ideas will become even more crucial skills.

L）These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of

people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More

stages mean more possible sequences.

M）With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. I n a three-stage

life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and

family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and

then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an

undergraduate at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30, 50, or 70; and become an independent producer at

any age.

N）Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune with

the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by

continuous work, and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even

grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an

issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for

longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer.

36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers

than now.

37. Just extending one’s career may have both positive and negative effects.

38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some

eight years.

39. Because of their longer lifespan, young people today no longer follow the

pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.

40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.

41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people’s approach to life.

42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.

43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and

emotional well-being.

44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.

45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.

【参考答案】

36-40 IGDNA

41-45 KHFMC

Section C

Directions:

There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some

questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked

A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding

letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

In the classic marriage

vow（誓约）, couples promise to stay together in

sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among

older couples rises when the wife-not the husband—becomes seriously ill.

“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves

struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress

of divorce,” said researcher Amelia Karraker.

Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717

marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time

of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.

The researchers examined how the

onset（发生）of four serious physical

illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended

in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new

chronic（慢性的）illness onset increased over time as will, with more husbands than wives

developing serious health problems.

“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of

illness,” Karraker said. “They’re more likely to be widowed, and if they’re

the noes who become ill, they’re more likely to get divorced.”

While the study didn’t assess why divorce in more likely when wives but not

husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. “Gender

norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for

men to provide care to sick spouses,” Karraker said. “And because of the

imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more

choices among prospective partners than divorced women.”

Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population,

Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between

disease and risk of divorce.

“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce

marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages,” she said. “But it’s also

important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and

that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening

health and increased health costs.”

46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?

A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.

B) They are as binding as they used to be.

C) They are not taken seriously any more.

D) They may help couples tide over hard times.

47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?

A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.

B) They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.

C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.

D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.

48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?

A) They are more likely to be widowed.

B) They are more likely to get divorced.

C) They are less likely to receive good care.

D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.

49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses

according to Karraker?

A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.

B) They find it more important to make money for the family.

C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.

D) They expect society to do more of the job.

50. What does Karraker think is also important?

A) Reducing marital stress on wives.

B) Stabilizing old couples’s relations.

C) Providing extra care for divorced women.

D) Making men pay for their wives’ health costs.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called

you by a sibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved

you less?

Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on,

misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common

cognitive

(认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.

The study, published online in April in the journal

Memory and Cognition,found

that the “wrong” name is not random but is invariably fished out from the

same relationship pond: children, siblings, friends. The study did not examine

the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says

psychologist David Rubin, “but it does tell us who’s in and who’s out of the

group.”

The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the

names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob.

Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.

The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some

of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to

them—family or friend—had called them by another person’s name. The other surveys

asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by

the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within

relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever

crossed these boundaries.

In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old

people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and this

mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake

slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more

grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on

their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There

was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated,

tired or angry.

might people often feel when they were misnamed?

A)Unwanted.

B)Unhappy.

C)Confused.

D)Indifferent.

did David Rubin’s research find about misnaming?

A)It is related to the way our memories work.

B)It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.

C)It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.

D)It often causes misunderstandings among people.

53. What is most likely the cause of misnaming?

A) Similar personality traits.

B) Similar spellings of names.

C) Similar physical appearance.

D) Similar pronunciation of names.

54. What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming?

A) It more often than not hurts relationships.

B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.

C) It is most frequently found in extended families.

D) It most often occurs within a relationship groups.

55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?

A) They suffer more frustrations.

B) They become worn out more often.

C) They communicate more with their children.

D) They generally take on more work at home.

Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from

Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式，已有2000多年历史。剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。

【参考译文】

Paper cutting is a unique form of Chinese traditional folk art with a history of more than 2,000

years. Paper cutting probably originated in the Han Dynasty, following the invention of the paper.

Since then, it has been spread widely in many parts of China. The materials and tools for paper

cutting are simple: paper and scissors. Paper cutting works are usually made of red paper, because

red is associated with happiness in traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, in the wedding, the

Spring Festival and other festive occasions, red paper cutting is the first choice of door and

window decoration.