2024年5月16日发(作者：decided)

译文示例：大英百科中的中国（节译）

英文原文：大英百科

China is a country of East Asia. It is the largest of all Asian countries and has the

largest population of any country in the world. Occupying nearly the entire East Asian

landmass, it occupies approximately one-fourteenth of the land area of the Earth.

Among the major countries of the world, China is surpassed in area by only Russia and

Canada, and it is almost as large as the whole of Europe.

中国地处东亚，是亚洲面积最大的大国家，人口居世界第一位。它几乎占据了整个东亚大陆，

领土面积约占地球陆地总面积的十四分之一，在世界各国中仅次于俄罗斯和加拿大，与整个欧洲

相当。

China has 33 administrative units directly under the central government; these

consist of 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities (Chongqing, Beijing,

Shanghai, and Tianjin), and 2 special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau).

The island province of Taiwan, which has been under separate administration since 1949,

is discussed in the article Taiwan. Beijing (Peking), the capital of the People’s Republic,

is also the cultural, economic, and communications centre of the country. Shanghai is

the main industrial city; Hong Kong is the leading commercial centre and port.

中国有 33 个国家一级行政区域，其中包括 22 个省、5 个自治区以及重庆、北京、上海、

天津 4 个直辖市和香港、澳门两个特别行政区。台湾岛自 1949 年以来一直处于不同于其它省

份的行政管辖之下。该地区在“台湾”一文中进行了讨论。首都北京也是中国的文化、经济和交

通中心；上海是主要的工业城市；香港是主要的商业中心和港口。

Within China’s boundaries exists a highly diverse and complex country. Its

topography encompasses the highest and one of the lowest places on Earth, and its

relief varies from nearly impenetrable mountainous terrain to vast coastal lowlands. Its

climate ranges from extremely dry, desertlike conditions in the northwest to tropical

monsoon in the southeast, and China has the greatest contrast in temperature between

its northern and southern borders of any country in the world.

中国自然环境极为多样、复杂。这里有世界海拔最高的地区，也有海拔极低的地方；从人类

几乎不能穿越的山地到广大的沿海低地，从西北部极端干燥的沙漠气候到东南部的热带季风气

候，中国各地的地势和气候差异极大。中国还是世界上南北温差最大的国家。

The diversity of both China’s relief and its climate has resulted in one of the

world’s widest arrays of ecological niches, and these niches have been filled by a vast

number of plant and animal species. Indeed, practically all types of Northern

Hemisphere plants, except those of the polar tundra, are found in China, and, despite the

continuous inroads of humans over the millennia, China still is home to some of the

world’s most exotic animals.

中国复杂的地势和气候形成了各种各样的生态位，其广度在世界居于前列。在这些不同的生

态位当中生存着众多的动植物物种。除了极地冻土地带的植物以外，北半球几乎所有的植物都能

在中国找到。虽然在过去的几千年中人类不断侵袭自然环境，但中国仍然拥有一些世界上最为珍

稀的动物。

Probably the single most identifiable characteristic of China to the people of the rest

of the world is the size of its population. Some one-fifth of humanity is of Chinese

nationality. The great majority of the population is Chinese (Han), and thus China is often