2024年5月9日发(作者：电脑按哪三个键任意截图)

英语语言学名词解释

Acronyms Acronyms is a word coined by putting together

the initial letters of a group of words.

Affixation A word formation approach that attaches

morpheme – an affix to a base，which is a word with 1 or more

affixes in it.

Anaphoric reference前照应A demonstrative determiner with

anaphoric reference is more likely to go with a non-restrictive

relative clause

Cataphoric reference 后照应A demonstrative determiner

with cataphoric reference，which goes with a restrictive relative

clause

Collective nouns These are generally countable nouns，but

even in the singular they refer to groups of people，animals or

things.

Compound A compound，the product of composition，and

it is a lexical unit consisting of more than one base and

functioning both grammatically and semantically as a single

word.

Conversion The derivational process whereby an item is

adapted or converted to a new word class without the addition

of an affix.

Coordination并列词Realized by coordinators （also termed

coordinating conjunctions）which join units at the same level.

Countable nouns Nouns that can take plural.

Dangling participle:When the subject of participle is not

expressed, it is normally to be the subject of the clause. It is

usually poor grammar, and sometimes absurd, if this rule is

broken: Trying to be quiet, the floor board creaked. But the rule

is often broken when the subject is vaguely understood to be

“one”, “we”, “you”, people in general. Determiner Words

used in the premodification of noun phrase and put before any

adjectives that premodify the head word of noun.

Dynamic adjectives Many adjectives can also be used in the

dynamic sense （be being a.）in predicative position to show

subjective measurement or suggest a temporary state，implying

the qualities can be controlled or restricted. （e.g. he is being

rude）

end-focus 尾部焦点under neutral conditions，the nucleus

falls on the last element of the sequence as it is common that we

process the information in a message to achieve a linear

presentation form low to high information value. We refer to this

as the principle of end-focus.

ellipsis：省略leaves out the redundant/wordy part and do

not provide a substitute. Exclamation Express our impression，

especially our surprise，excitement，

amazement，etc. It doesn…t take S-V inversion.

exophoric reference 语言外照应Nonlinguistic or situational

context.

Finite verb phrase Its head word is a finite verb，which is

restricted by tense and keeps concord with the subject.

Foreign plurals Words that are borrowed from other

languages often have foreign plurals.

Fronting: Fronting is a term which refers to the removal of an

item from its unmarked position to the marked presubject

position.

Infinitive The infinitive occurs as a verb in the base form

which may go with or without to.

Inherent adjectives Inherent adjectives denote inherent