2024年5月5日发(作者：开始菜单不见了怎么办)

The Long March

Introduction

The Long March is an epic journey undertaken by the Red Army of the

Communist Party of China (CPC) from 1934 to 1936. This historic event

holds great significance in the history of China, as it played a crucial

role in the eventual victory of the CPC in the Chinese Civil War. In

this article, we will delve deep into the details of the Long March, its

causes, the challenges faced by the Red Army, and its ultimate impact on

the Chinese revolution.

Causes of the Long March

1. Encirclement Campaign: The Chinese Nationalist Party (Kuomintang)

launched a series of campaigns to encircle and annihilate the

Communist forces. This forced the Red Army to embark on the Long

March.

2. Internal Struggles: The CPC was facing internal struggles,

including philosophical and strategic differences within the party

leadership. The Long March provided an opportunity to unite and

reaffirm the commitment to the revolution.

Challenges Faced by the Red Army

1. Brutal Climate and Terrain: The Long March took place across

mountainous regions, vast grasslands, and difficult terrains. The

soldiers had to endure extreme weather conditions, including

freezing temperatures and scorching heat.

2. Hunger and Starvation: The Red Army often faced a shortage of food

supplies during the Long March. They had to rely on limited

rations and forage for food in the wild.

3. Constant Attacks: The Kuomintang forces pursued and attacked the

Red Army throughout the journey. The soldiers had to constantly

defend themselves and engage in battles while facing overwhelming

enemy forces.

Stages of the Long March

1. The Retreat from Jiangxi

1. CPC Retreat Begins: In October 1934, the Red Army started its

retreat from Jiangxi province in response to the Encirclement

Campaign launched by the Kuomintang.

2. Zunyi Conference: During the retreat, the CPC leadership held the

Zunyi Conference, where Mao Zedong emerged as the undisputed

leader of the party.

2. Crossing the Chishui River

1. Battle of Xiangjiang River: The Red Army faced a major setback at

the battle on the Xiangjiang River, where they suffered heavy

casualties.

2. Tactical Brilliance of Liu Bocheng: General Liu Bocheng displayed

remarkable military tactics in successfully crossing the Chishui

River and evading the enemy’s pursuit.

3. The Great Snow Mountain Crossing

1. Encounter with Tibetan People: The Red Army entered Tibetan areas

and forged alliances with local Tibetan people, who provided them

with support and assistance.

2. Treacherous Mountain Passes: The soldiers faced treacherous

mountain passes, such as the Luding Bridge, where they had to

navigate steep cliffs and enemy fire.

4. Northern Shaanxi Base

1. Arrival in Northern Shaanxi: After months of arduous travel, the

Red Army finally arrived in northern Shaanxi province and

established their base.

2. Consolidation of Forces: The Long March allowed the CPC to regroup,

reorganize, and strengthen their forces in preparation for future

battles.

3. Ideological Transformation: The harsh conditions of the Long March

led to a sense of ideological transformation among the Red Army

soldiers, fostering a spirit of resilience, loyalty, and

determination.

Legacy and Impact of the Long March

1. Symbol of CPC’s Spirit: The Long March became an enduring symbol

of the CPC’s revolutionary spirit, inspiring future generations

of Chinese communists.

2. Strengthening of Mao Zedong’s Leadership: Mao Zedong’s

leadership during the Long March solidified his position within

the CPC and laid the foundation for his future role as the

Chairman of the Communist Party.

3. Rural Revolution Strategy: The experiences gained during the Long

March influenced the CPC’s strategy to focus on rural revolution,

leading to the ultimate victory of the Chinese revolution.

4. International Recognition: The Long March brought international

recognition and support for the CPC’s cause, further isolating

the Kuomintang regime.

Conclusion

The Long March remains an integral part of Chinese history, symbolizing

the resilience, determination, and sacrifice of the Red Army in their

pursuit of revolution. This remarkable journey not only shaped the

course of the Chinese revolution but also left a lasting impact on the

development of modern China. The significance of the Long March

continues to resonate even to this day, inspiring people around the

world with its legendary tale.