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Designation:D3886–99

AnAmericanNationalStandard

StandardTestMethodfor

AbrasionResistanceofTextileFabrics(InflatedDiaphragm

Apparatus)

1

ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD3886;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearof

originaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,rinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.A

superscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.

1.1Thistestmethod

2

coversthedeterminationofthe

resistancetoabrasionofwovenandknittedtextilefabrics,both

conditionedandwet,usingtheinfl

procedureisnotapplicabletofloorcoverings.

N

OTE

1—Otherproceduresformeasuringtheabrasionresistanceof

textilefabricsaregiveninTestMethodsD3884,D3885,D1175,and

AATCCTestMethod93.

TestMethod93AbrasionResistanceofFabrics:Accelerator

Method

5

ology

3.1Definitions:

3.1.1abrasion,n—thewearingawayofanypartofa

materialbyrubbingagainstanothersurface.

3.1.2Fordefinitionsofothertextiletermsusedinthistest

method,refertoTerminologyD123.

yofTestMethod

4.1Aspecimenisabradedbyrubbingeitherunidirection-

allyormultidirectionallyagainstanabradanthavingspecified

menisheldinafixedposition

andsupportedbyaninflatedrubberdiaphragmwhichisheld

menisabradedbyrubbing

eitherunidirectionallyormultidirectionallyagainstanabradant

havingspecifiistanceto

abrasionisdeterminedusingOption1,thenumberofcyclesto

wearaholeinthespecimen,orOption2,visualassessmentof

thespecimensurfaceafteraspecifiednumberofcycles.

ficanceandUse

5.1Themeasurementoftheresistancetoabrasionoftextile

istancetoabrasion

isaffectedbymanyfactors,suchastheinherentmechanical

propertiesofthefibers;thedimensionsofthefibers;the

structureoftheyarns;theconstructionofthefabrics;andthe

type,kind,andamountoffinishingmaterialaddedtothefibers,

yarns,orfabric.

5.2Theresistancetoabrasionisalsogreatlyaffectedbythe

conditionsofthetests,suchasthenatureofabradant,variable

actionoftheabradantovertheareaofspecimenabraded,the

tensionofthespecimen,thepressurebetweenthespecimen

andabradant,andthedimensionalchangesinthespecimens.

5.3Abrasiontestsareallsubjecttovariationduetochanges

intheabradantduringspecifiadantmust

accordinglybediscardedatfrequentintervalsorchecked

sposableabradants,the

1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedas

standard;thevaluesinEnglishunitsareprovidedasinforma-

tiononlyandarenotexactequivalents.

1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthe

safetyconcerns,ifany,e

responsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-

priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-

bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.

ncedDocuments

2.1ASTMStandards:

D123TerminologyRelatingtoTextiles

3

D1776PracticeforConditioningTextilesforTesting

3

D2904PracticeforInterlaboratoryTestingofaTextileTest

MethodthatProducesNormallyDistributedData

3

D2906PracticeforStatementsonPrecisionandBiasfor

Textiles

3

D3884TestMethodforAbrasionResistanceofTextile

Fabrics(RotaryPlatform,DoubleHeadMethod)

4

D3885TestMethodforAbrasionResistanceofTextile

Fabrics(FlexingandAbrasionMethod)

4

D4157TestMethodforAbrasionResistanceofTextile

Fabrics(OscillatoryCylinderMethod)

4

2.2AATCCStandard:

ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD-13onTextiles

andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD13.60onFabricTestMethods,

Specific.

CurrenteditionapprovedJune10,ally

publishedasD3886–eviouseditionD3886–92.

2

,in

“ImprovedMultipurposeAbrasionTestandItsApplicationfortheWearResistance

ofTextiles,”TextileResearchJournal,July1949,p.394.

3

AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol07.01.

4

AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol07.02.

1

AvailablefromAmericanAssociationofTextileChemistsandColorists,P.O.

Box12215,ResearchTrianglePark,NC27709.

5

Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.

1

permanentabradantsthatusehardenedmetalorequivalent

surfaces,itisassumedthattheabradantwillnotchange

appreciablyinaspecifirabradantsused

indifferentlaboratorieswillnotchangeatthesamerate,dueto

entabradantsmayalsochangedue

topickupoffinishingorothermaterialfromtestfabricsand

-

surementoftherelativeamountofabrasionmayalsobe

affectedbythemethodofevaluationandmaybeinfluencedby

thejudgmentoftheoperator.

holdfabrics,industrialfabrics,andflt

surprising,therefore,tofindthattherearemanydifferenttypes

ofabrasiontestingmachines,abradants,testingconditions,

testingprocedures,methodsofevaluationofabrasionresis-

tanceandinterpretationofresults.

5.6Allthetestmethodsandinstrumentssofardeveloped

formeasuringabrasionresistancemayshowahighdegreeof

variabilityinresultsobtainedbydifferentoperatorsandin

differentlaboratories;however,theyrepresentthetestmethods

nowmostwidelyinuse.

FIG.1SchematicDiagramofInflatedDiaphragmAbrasionTester

5.4Theresistanceoftextilematerialstoabrasionasmea-

suredonatestingmachineinthelaboratoryisgenerallyonly

oneofseveralfactorscontributingtowearperformanceor

durabilityasexperiencedintheactualuseofthematerial.

While“abrasionresistance”(oftenstatedintermsofthe

numberofcyclesonaspecifiedmachine,usingaspecified

techniquetoproduceaspecifieddegreeoramountofabrasion)

and“durability”(definedastheabilitytowithstanddeteriora-

tionorwearingoutinuse,includingtheeffectsofabrasion)are

frequentlyrelated,therelationshipvarieswithdifferentend

uses,anddifferentfactorsmaybenecessaryinanycalculation

ofpredicteddurabilityfromspecifitory

testsmaybereliableasanindicationofrelativeend-use

performanceincaseswherethedifferenceinabrasionresis-

tanceofvariousmaterialsislarge,buttheyshouldnotberelied

uponwheredifferencesinlaboratorytestfi

general,theyshouldnotberelieduponforpredictionofactual

wear-lifeinspecificendusesunlesstherearedatashowingthe

specificrelationshipbetweenlaboratoryabrasiontestsand

actualwearintheintendedend-use.

5.5Thesegeneralobservationsapplytoalltypesoffabrics,

includingwoven,nonwoven,andknitapparelfabrics,house-

5.7Becausethereisadefiniteneedformeasuringthe

relativeresistancetoabrasion,standardizedtestmethodsare

neededandusefulandmayclarifytheproblemandlessenthe

confusion.

5.8Becauseoftheconditionsmentionedabove,technicians

frequentlyfailtogetgoodagreementbetweenresultsobtained

onthesametypeoftestinginstrumentbothwithinandbetween

laboratories,andtheprecisionofthesetestmethodsisuncer-

tain.

5.9TestMethodD3886isnotrecommendedforacceptance

testingofcommercialshipmentbecauseofthepoorbetween-

laboratoryprecision.

5.9.1Incasesofadisputearisingfromdifferencesin

reportedtestresultswhenusingthistestmethodforacceptance

testingofcommercialshipments,thepurchaserandthesup-

pliershouldconductcomparativeteststodetermineifthereis

entstatis-

ticalassistanceisrecommendedfortheinvestigationofbias.

Asaminimum,thetwopartiesshouldtakeagroupoftest

specimenswhichareashomogeneousaspossibleandwhich

t

specimensshouldthenberandomlyassignedinequalnumbers