2024年4月22日发(作者：电脑下载ps软件免费版步骤)

20000词汇巅峰速记营

词汇记忆 第16节

本节课目标

掌握词根-ply，-ploy，-ploit，-pli，-plic，-plex，-flex，-play，-flect的含义

词根-ply，-ploy，-ploit，-pli，-plic，-plex，-flex，-play，-flect表示 “1. fold：折叠；

重合；倍；2. bend：弯曲；3. work with/use：使用” 的含义

apply [ə'plaɪ] vt. 应用；申请；涂，敷 941

词源： late 14c., "join or combine (with); attach (to something), adhere," from Old French aploiier

"apply, use, attach" (12c., Modern French appliquer), from Latin applicare "attach to, join, connect;"

figuratively, "devote (oneself) to, give attention," from ad "to" (see ad-) + plicare "fold" (from PIE

root *plek- "to plait").

The etymological sense is "bring things in contact with one another." In English, from c. 1400 as

"use or employ" something for a certain purpose;" from early 15c. of lotions, plasters, etc., "place

in contact with the body," also, of one's mental powers or faculties, "put to work at a task or pursuit."

Meaning "seek a job by submitting an application for one" is from 1851. A by-form applicate is

recorded from 1530s.

搭配：apply for（考）：申请… apply A to B（考）：将A运用于B

例句1）：There aren’t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley

to apply their analytical skills to more practical—and rewarding—efforts. 在科学领域没

有太多工作给他们，因此他们去到华尔街或者是硅谷去把他们的分析技能运用在更加

实用——回报也更丰厚——的工作上。

写作例句1）：如今，越来越多的数字化产品被用在了人们的日常生活中。

Nowadays, more and more digital products are applied to people’s daily life.

application [ˌæplɪ'keɪʃ(ə)n] n. 应用；申请；敷用；应用程序 1528

助记：applic（=apply：应用；申请；敷用；应用程序）+ ion （名词性后缀）→应用；申请；

敷用；应用程序

applicant ['æplɪk(ə)nt] n. 申请人，申请者；请求者 5586

助记：applic（=apply：申请）+ant（名词后缀：表“人”）→ 申请人

applied [ə'plaɪd] adj. 实用的；应用的 6561

助记：apply（应用；申请；敷用）+ ed（形容词性后缀）→实用的；应用的

appliance [ə'plaɪəns] n. 器具；器械；装置 6127

助记：appli（=apply：用）+ ance（名词后缀）→拿来用的东西→器具、器械

搭配：household appliances（考）：家用电器（器械） electrical appliances（考）：电器

后缀-ance用法

1

-ance

word-forming element attached to verbs to form abstract nouns of process or fact

(convergence from converge), or of state or quality (absence from absent); ultimately from Latin -

antia and -entia, which depended on the vowel in the stem word, from PIE *-nt-, adjectival suffix.

As Old French evolved from Latin, these were leveled to -ance, but later French borrowings from

Latin (some of them subsequently passed to English) used the appropriate Latin form of the ending,

as did words borrowed by English directly from Latin (diligence, absence).

English thus inherited a confused mass of words from French (crescent/croissant), and further

confused it since c. 1500 by restoring -ence selectively in some forms of these words to conform

with Latin. Thus dependant, but independence, etc.

【课堂笔记】

-ance （1）过程

-ence （2）事实

-ancy 名词后缀，一般为抽象名词，表示 （3）状态

-ency （4）品质

applicable [ə'plɪkəb(ə)l; 'æplɪk-] adj. 可应用的；可适用的；合适的 7731

助记：applic（=apply：运用）+able→可运用的、可适用的

搭配：be applicable to sb. / sth.（考）：适用于某人/某物

例句：It is an experience in searching out, understanding and synthesizing, which forms the basis

of many skills applicable to both academic and nonacademic tasks. 它是在查找、理解和

合成方面的一个经验，这种经验构成了很多技巧的基础，可同时适用于学术或非学术

任务。

【课堂笔记】

The lesson from the former is applicable to the latter. 前者的教训适用于后者。

教训

applicability [,æplɪkə'bɪlətɪ] n. 适应性；适用性 17228

助记：applicable（可应用的；可适用的；合适的）+ ility（名词后缀）→ 适应性；适用性

employ[ɪm'plɒɪ; em-] vt. 使用，采用；雇佣 1976

助记：em（=in：进来）+ploy（使用）→招聘（即：把人拿进来使用）

释义和用法：

1、(VERB) 雇用 If a person or company employs you, they pay you to work for them.

2、(VERB) 使用；采用 If you employ certain methods, materials, or expressions, you use them.

self-employed ['selfəm'plɔid] adj. 自雇的；个体经营的；自由职业的 14518

unemployed [ʌnɪm'plɒɪd; -em-] adj. 失业的；未被利用的 6493

unemployment [ʌnɪm'plɒɪm(ə)nt; -em-] n. 失业；失业人数；失业率 3523

employee [ɪmˈplɔɪi;ˌemplɔɪˈi:] n. 雇员；从业员工 933

【课堂笔记】

-ee （1）表被动

employer [ɪm'plɒɪə; em-] n. 雇主，老板 2317

（2）人/机构

employment [ɪm'plɒɪm(ə)nt; em-] n. 雇用；职业；使用 2557

如：interview v.采访/面试 → interviewer n. 面试官→ interviewee n. 被面试者

commit v. 委托/托付 → committee 被委托的机构 →委员会

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