2024年4月16日发(作者：平板电脑windows)

广州牛津版8Bunit3语法被动语态（一）

一、知识点

（一）动词的过去分词变化规则

1、一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed ，如：

work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted

2、以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 -d，如：

live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped

3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：

study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried

4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 -ed，如：

stop ---stopped

5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。

一．过去分词词尾有字母-n

1．过去分词由原形加-ne构成

do-did-done go-went-gone

2．过去分词由原形加-en构成

beat-beat-beaten eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen

3．过去分词由原形加-n构成

blow-blew-blown draw-drew-drawn

give-gave-given

take-took-taken

see-saw-seen

grow-grew-grown

drive-drove-driven

know-knew-known

rise-rose-risen mistake-mistook-mistaken

show-showed-shown throw-threw-thrown

4．过去分词由原形去字母e后，再双写后面的辅音字母加-en构成

hide-hid-hidden

ride-rode-ridden write-wrote-written

forget-forgot-forgotten

5．过去分词由过去式加-n构成

break-broke-broken

choose-chose-chosen freeze-froze-frozen

speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen

6．完全不规则形式

am / is-was-been

lie-lay-lain

are-were-been fly-flew-flown

wear-wore-worn

二．过去式与过去分词形式相同

bring-brought-brought build-built-built

catch-caught-caught

dig-dug-dug

get-got-got

keep-kept-kept

feel-felt-felt find-found-found

buy-bought-bought

have / has-had-had hold-held-held

leave-left-left

lay-laid-laid

pay-paid-paid

lend-lent-lent lose-lost-lost

hear-heard -heard make-made-made mean-meant-meant

meet-met-met

say-said-said

sleep-slept-slept

spill-spilt-spilt

spit-spat-spat

spoil-spoilt-spoilt stand-stood-stood

sell-sold-sold send-sent-sent sit-sat-sat

smell-smelt-smelt spend-spent-spent

sweep-swept-swept

tell-told-told think-thought-thought teach-taught-taught

win-won-won

understand-understood-understood

waked

shine-shone / shined-shone / shined

hanged

learn-learnt / learned-learnt / learned

wake-woke / waked-woken /

hang-hung / hanged-hung /

三．原形、过去式与过去分词三种形式完全相同

cost-cost-cost

hurt-hurt-hurt

let-let-let put-put-put set-set-set

cut-cut-cut hit-hit-hit