2024年3月15日发(作者：取消电脑定时关机命令)

ENGLISH

LEGAL GLOSSARY

ABANDONMENT - A parent's or custodian's act of leaving a child without adequate care, supervision, support, or parental

contact for an excessive period of time. Also, the desertion of one spouse by the other with the intent to terminate the

marriage relationship.

ABATEMENT OF ACTION - A suit which has been quashed and ended.

ABSTRACT - A summary of a larger work, wherein the principal ideas of the larger work are contained.

ABSTRACT OF RECORD - A short, abbreviated form of the case as found in the record.

ABSTRACT OF TITLE - A chronological summary of all official records and recorded documents affecting the title to a

parcel of real property.

ACCESSORY - A person who aids or contributes in the commission of a crime.

ACCOMPLICE - One who knowingly, voluntarily, and intentionally unites with the principal offender in the commission of

a crime. A partner in a crime.

ACCORD - A satisfaction agreed upon between the parties in a lawsuit which bars subsequent actions on the claim.

ACCORD AND SATISFACTION - A method of discharging a claim upon agreement by the parties to give and accept

something in settlement of the claim.

ACCUSATION - A formal charge against a person, to the effect that he has engaged in a punishable offense.

ACCUSED - The generic name for the defendant in a criminal case.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT - 1. A statement of acceptance of responsibility. 2. The short declaration at the end of a legal paper

showing that the paper was duly executed and acknowledged.

ACQUIT - To legally certify the innocence of one charged with a crime. To set free, release or discharge from an

obligation, burden or accusation. To find a defendant not guilty in a criminal trial.

ACQUITTAL - In criminal law, a finding of not guilty. In contract law, a release, absolution, or discharge from an

obligation, liability, or engagement.

ACTION - Case, cause, suit, or controversy disputed or contested before a court of justice.

ADJUDICATE - To determine finally.

ADJUDICATION - Giving or pronouncing a judgment or decree. Also the judgment given.

ADMINISTRATOR - 1. One who administers the estate of a person who dies without a will. 2. A court official.

ADMISSIBLE - Pertinent and proper to be considered in reaching a decision.

ADMISSIBLE EVIDENCE - Evidence that can be legally and properly introduced in a civil or criminal trial.

ADMISSION - Voluntary acknowledgment of the existence of certain facts relevant to the adversary's case.

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Rev. 2/8/01

ENGLISH

LEGAL GLOSSARY

ADMONISH - To advise or caution. For example the Court may caution or admonish counsel for wrong practices.

ADOPTION - To take into one's family the child of another and give him or her the rights, privileges, and duties of a child

and heir.

ADVERSARY SYSTEM - The trial method used in the U.S. and some other countries. This system is based on the belief

that truth can best be determined by giving opposing parties full opportunity to present and establish their evidence, and to

test by cross-examination the evidence presented by their adversaries. All this is done under the established rules of

procedure before an impartial judge and/or jury.

AFFIANT - A person who makes and signs an affidavit.

AFFIDAVIT - A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having

authority to administer oaths. For example, in criminal cases, affidavits are often used by police officers seeking to convince

courts to grant a warrant to make an arrest or a search. In civil cases, affidavits of witnesses are often used to support

motions for summary judgment.

AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE - Without denying the charge, the defendant raises circumstances such as insanity, self-defense,

or entrapment to avoid civil or criminal responsibility.

AFFIRMED - In the practice of appellate courts, the word means that the decision of the trial court is correct.

AGENT - One who has authority to act for another.

AGGRAVATED ASSAULT - An attempt to cause serious bodily injury to another or purposely, knowingly or recklessly

causing such injury, or an attempt to cause or purposely or knowingly cause bodily injury to another with a deadly weapon.

AGGRAVATED BATTERY - The unlawful use of force against another with unusual or serious consequences such as the

use of a dangerous weapon.

AGGRAVATING FACTORS - Any factors associated with the commission of a crime which increase the seriousness of the

offense or add to its injurious consequences.

AGREED STATEMENT OF FACTS - A statement of all important facts, which all the parties agree is true and correct,

which is submitted to a court for ruling.

AGREEMENT - A mutual understanding and intention between two or more parties. The writing or instrument which is

evidence of an agreement. (Although often used as synonymous with contract, agreement is a broader term.)

AID AND ABET - Help, assist, or facilitate the commission of a crime.

ALFORD PLEA - A special type of guilty plea by which a defendant does not admit guilt but concedes that the State has

sufficient evidence to convict; normally made to avoid the threat of greater punishment. Source: Black's Law Dictionary

(1996); North Carolina v. Alford, 400 U.S. 25 (1970).

ALIBI - A defense claim that the accused was somewhere else at the time a crime was committed.

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Rev. 2/8/01