2024年3月8日发(作者：丶电脑键盘怎么打出来)

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

第8章 词汇教学

Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.

1. Generally speaking, the content of vocabulary teaching should include at least

three aspects: _____, _____ and usage.

【答案】sound/ form/ meaning (Any of these three is acceptable)

【解析】一般来说，词汇教学的内容应该至少包含语音、形式、意义和用法中的三项。

2. It is very important to make students aware that not all words are equally _____

and that effective strategies of vocabulary learning help to reduce _____.

【答案】important，forgetting

【解析】学生应意识到不是所有的单词都同等重要；同时，有效的词汇学习策略有助于减少遗忘。

3. According to Hedge, vocabulary learning involves at least two aspects of

meaning. The first aspect involves the understanding of its _____ and _____

meaning. The second aspect involves understanding the _____ among words.

【答案】denotative，connotative，sense relations

【解析】赫奇指出，词汇学习至少涉及两个意义层面。一方面是对词的外延意义和内涵意义的理解，另一方面是对单词之间的涵义关系的理解。

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

4. As teachers, we need to make decisions when teaching vocabulary what words

should become the learners’ _____ vocabulary so that we can design various

activities to help learners use the words actively and automatically when they are

speaking or writing.

【答案】productive

【解析】在词汇教学中，教师需要决定哪些词汇应该成为学习者的产出性词汇（productive

vocabulary），以便设计各种活动帮助学习者在口语和写作中积极主动地使用这些词汇。

5. In the process of teaching vocabulary, the teacher’s role is to focus on the most

_____ vocabulary, to provide _____ training for the low frequency vocabulary, to

ensure that vocabulary learning has a chance to occur in all parts of a course.

【答案】useful (important, high frequent, etc)，strategy (proper, suitable, etc)

【解析】在词汇教学的过程中，教师须关注最常用的（或最重要的、高频）词汇，为低频词汇提供策略（或正确的、合适的）训练，确保词汇的涵盖到课程学习的各个部分。

6. Productive vocabulary is those words that one is not only able to _____ but also

able to _____ in speech and writing.

【答案】recognize，use

【解析】产出性词汇是学习者不仅能辨认，还能用于口语和写作的词汇。

7. Denotative meaning of a word or a lexical item refers to those words that we use

to _____ things as regards real objects. This is usually the _____ meaning of a word

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

and may seem relatively easy to _____.

【答案】label，primary，learn

【解析】外延意义是一种语言基本的概念性的意义。它通常是单词的原始意义，并且相对学起来容易。

Ⅱ. Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is NOT true about the meaning of words?

A. There may not always be equivalent concepts from one language to another.

B. In Chinese there is no distinction made between the names used to describe

one’s brother’s children and of one’s sister’s.

C. ‘Dog’ has a connotative meaning often related to friendship and loyalty.

D. In different cultures the same word may have different connotative meanings.

【答案】B

【解析】单词有外延意义和内涵意义。一门语言中的单词在另一门语言中可能常常没有等同的概念。汉语中表达兄弟的孩子和姐妹的孩子的名称是不同的。“狗”这个单词的含义常与友好和忠诚有关。同一个单词在不同的文化中可能具有不同的含义。因此，本题正确答案为B。

2. Which of the following collocations is NOT acceptable?

A. look at a picture

B. heavy traffic

C. see a movie

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D. heavy wind

【答案】D

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

【解析】look at a picture看图片；heavy traffic交通拥挤；see a movie看电影；strong

wind大风。因此，本题正确答案为D。

3. In which of the following activities students should be put into pairs?

A. Labelling.

B. Play a game.

C. Spot the difference.

D. Find synonyms and antonyms.

【答案】C

【解析】巩固词汇的活动有许多。例如，标记（labelling），教师给出一张图片，学生写出图片中所示的物体的名称；指出不同（spot the difference），学生两人一组，每个人手里有一张图片，两张图片稍有不同，学生把图片藏起来，通过描述和问答找出图片的不同点；玩游戏（play a game），教师出示一张图片，上面有许多物体，学生用两分钟的时间记住图片上的物体，之后教师拿走图片，请学生说出看到的物体；找出同义词和反义词（find

synonyms and antonyms），教师给出一系列单词，学生按同义词或反义词给单词分组。因此，本题正确答案为C。

4. Which of the following statements is probably true about the use of dictionaries?

A. Monolingual dictionaries contain much less information about each word

compared to bilingual dictionaries.

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圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

B. Bilingual dictionaries take advantage of the learner’s first language by

making meaning immediately accessible.

C. Students should try to look up every word they do not know when reading.

D. Students should not be guided at the beginning in using a dictionary.

【答案】B

【解析】使用词典是词汇学习的策略之一。单语词典（monolingual dictionaries）比双语词典（bilingual dictionaries）涵盖的信息量要大一些。双语词典利用学习者的第一语言使单词意思更容易理解。学生在阅读的时候不应查找每一个不认识的单词的意思。在学习之初，学习者需要在指导下使用词典。因此，本题正确答案为B。

Ⅲ. True or False

1. Most language learners begin learning another language by starting with

vocabulary and the learning of vocabulary seems to accompany a learner

throughout the learning process even after all the basic grammatical rules have

been learned.

【答案】T

【解析】多数语言学习者从词汇开始学习一门外语，而且词汇的学习倾向于伴随学习者的整个学习过程，即便是在所有基础语法规则都学完了之后。

2. At beginner level, most new words learned by students usually have immediate

practical use, hence they quickly become one’s productive vocabulary.

【答案】T

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习者的产出性词汇。

圣才电子书

十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台

【解析】在初学阶段，学习者学习的多数新单词常常被立即用于实践，因此它们很快成为学3. For effective teaching of vocabulary, it is always useful for a teacher to have a

repertoire of techniques so that he/ she can choose a technique according to the

type of vocabulary and different age levels of the learners.

【答案】T

【解析】为了有效开展词汇教学，教师可以综合了解教学技巧，以便根据词汇的类型和学习者的年龄阶段选择合适的技巧。

4. In the classroom, students should not be given opportunities to pick up new

vocabulary on a variety of tasks and they need not to be encouraged to revise

the newly learnt vocabulary on a regular basis.

【答案】F

【解析】教师应通过各种任务为学习者提供学习新词汇的机会，还要鼓励学习者定期复习新学习的词汇。

5. High frequency words refer to the 3000 most frequently used words of a

language.

【答案】F

【解析】高频词汇并不是指一门语言中最常使用的3000个词。

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